UNITED STATES
                       SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
                             Washington, D.C. 20549

                                    Form 13F

                               Form 13F COVER PAGE

Report for the Calendar Year or Quarter Ended: September 30, 2008

Check here if Amendment [ ]; Amendment Number:
                                               -------
This Amendment (Check only one.):               [ ] is a restatement.
                                                [ ] adds new holdings entries.

Institutional Investment Manager Filing this Report:

Name:      Burke & Herbert Bank & Trust Co.
           -----------------------------------------------------
Address:   PO Box 268
           Alexandria, VA 22314
           -----------------------------------------------------

Form 13F File Number: 28-05313
                      --------

The institutional investment manager filing this report and the person by whom
it is signed hereby represent that the person signing the report is authorized
to submit it, that all information contained herein is true, correct and
complete, and that it is understood that all required items, statements,
schedules, lists, and tables, are considered integral parts of this form.

Person Signing this Report on Behalf of Reporting Manager:

Name:   /s/ Judith A. Cagnon
        -------------------------
Title:  Vice President
        -------------------------
Phone:  703-549-6600
        -------------------------

Signature,  Place,  and  Date  of  Signing:

/s/ Judith A. Cagnon                  Alexandria, VA                  10/3/2008
--------------------                  --------------                  ----------
    [Signature]                       [City, State]                     [Date]

Report  Type  (Check  only  one):

[X]     13F HOLDINGS REPORT. (Check here if all holdings of this reporting
        manager are reported in this report.)

[ ]     13F NOTICE. (Check here if no holdings reported are in this report,
        and all holdings are reported by other reporting manager(s).)

[ ]     13F COMBINATION REPORT. (Check here if a portion of the holdings for
        this reporting manager are reported in this report and a portion are
        reported by other reporting manager(s).)

List of Other Managers Reporting for this Manager:
[If there are no entries in this list, omit this section.]

13F File Number  Name

28-____________   ________________________________________
         [Repeat as necessary.]



                              Form 13F SUMMARY PAGE

Report Summary:
Number of Other Included Managers:                 0
                                         -----------
Form 13F Information Table Entry Total:          169
                                         -----------
Form 13F Information Table Value Total:      $90,334
                                         -----------
                                         (thousands)


List of Other Included Managers:

Provide a numbered list of the name(s) and 13F file number(s) of all
institutional investment managers with respect to which this report is filed,
other than the manager filing this report.

[If there are no entries in this list, state "NONE" and omit the column headings
and list entries.]

NONE





                                                FORM 13F INFORMATION TABLE

                                                            VALUE   SHARES/  SH/ PUT/ INVSTMT  OTHER    VOTING AUTHORITY
        NAME OF ISSUER          TITLE OF CLASS    CUSIP   (x$1000)  PRN AMT  PRN CALL DSCRETN MANAGERS  SOLE  SHARED NONE
------------------------------ ---------------- --------- -------- --------- --- ---- ------- -------- ------ ------ ----
                                                                                    
INGERSOLL-RAND COMPANY LTD     CL A             G4776G101      262   8400 SH          SHRD               8400
TRANSOCEAN INC NEW             SHS              G90073100       30    276 SH          SOLE                276
TRANSOCEAN INC NEW             SHS              G90073100      287   2615 SH          SHRD               2615
AT&T INC                       COM              00206R102      895  32066 SH          SOLE              32066
AT&T INC                       COM              00206R102      718  25729 SH          SHRD              25729
ABBOTT LABS                    COM              002824100      655  11375 SH          SOLE              11375
ABBOTT LABS                    COM              002824100      539   9360 SH          SHRD               9360
ALLIED CAP CORP NEW            COM              01903Q108        0     25 SH          SOLE                 25
ALLIED CAP CORP NEW            COM              01903Q108      111  10275 SH          SHRD              10275
ALTRIA GROUP INC               COM              02209S103      425  21400 SH          SOLE              21400
ALTRIA GROUP INC               COM              02209S103       42   2100 SH          SHRD               2100
AMERICAN EXPRESS CO            COM              025816109      176   4966 SH          SOLE               4966
AMERICAN EXPRESS CO            COM              025816109       44   1250 SH          SHRD               1250
AMERICAN INTL GROUP INC        COM              026874107       54  16164 SH          SOLE              16164
AMERICAN INTL GROUP INC        COM              026874107        9   2783 SH          SHRD               2783
APPLE INC                      COM              037833100       65    570 SH          SOLE                570
APPLE INC                      COM              037833100      182   1600 SH          SHRD               1600
AUTOMATIC DATA PROCESSING IN   COM              053015103       30    700 SH          SOLE                700
AUTOMATIC DATA PROCESSING IN   COM              053015103      299   7000 SH          SHRD               7000
BP PLC                         SPONSORED ADR    055622104      743  14817 SH          SOLE              14817
BP PLC                         SPONSORED ADR    055622104      241   4797 SH          SHRD               4797
BANCO BILBAO VIZCAYA ARGENTA   SPONSORED ADR    05946K101      224  13823 SH          SOLE              13823
BANK OF AMERICA CORPORATION    COM              060505104      201   5746 SH          SOLE               5746
BANK OF AMERICA CORPORATION    COM              060505104      986  28172 SH          SHRD              28172
BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON CORP   COM              064058100        5    150 SH          SOLE                150
BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON CORP   COM              064058100      465  14278 SH          SHRD              14278
BAXTER INTL INC                COM              071813109      253   3850 SH          SOLE               3850
BAXTER INTL INC                COM              071813109       49    750 SH          SHRD                750
BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY INC DEL     CL A             084670108      261      2 SH          SOLE                  2
BOEING CO                      COM              097023105      198   3456 SH          SOLE               3456
BOEING CO                      COM              097023105       29    500 SH          SHRD                200    300
BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB CO        COM              110122108      238  11426 SH          SOLE              11426
BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB CO        COM              110122108       59   2820 SH          SHRD               2820
BURKE&HERBERT B&T ALEXANDRIA   COM              121331102    10475   7078 SH          SOLE               7078
BURKE&HERBERT B&T ALEXANDRIA   COM              121331102     1110    750 SH          SHRD                750
BURLINGTON NORTHN SANTA FE     COM              12189T104       12    125 SH          SOLE                125
BURLINGTON NORTHN SANTA FE     COM              12189T104      290   3138 SH          SHRD               3138
CIGNA CORP                     COM              125509109      516  15180 SH          SHRD              15180
CVS CAREMARK CORPORATION       COM              126650100       30    900 SH          SOLE                900
CVS CAREMARK CORPORATION       COM              126650100      384  11400 SH          SHRD              11400
CHEVRON CORP NEW               COM              166764100     1014  12299 SH          SOLE              12299
CHEVRON CORP NEW               COM              166764100     1748  21197 SH          SHRD              21197
CISCO SYS INC                  COM              17275R102      379  16790 SH          SOLE              16790
CISCO SYS INC                  COM              17275R102      201   8913 SH          SHRD               8913
CITIGROUP INC                  COM              172967101       67   3249 SH          SOLE               3249
CITIGROUP INC                  COM              172967101     1865  90933 SH          SHRD              90933
COCA COLA CO                   COM              191216100      660  12490 SH          SOLE              12490
COCA COLA CO                   COM              191216100      534  10100 SH          SHRD              10100
COLGATE PALMOLIVE CO           COM              194162103      300   3980 SH          SOLE               3980
COLGATE PALMOLIVE CO           COM              194162100      147   1950 SH          SHRD               1950
CONOCOPHILLIPS                 COM              20825C104       35    480 SH          SOLE                480
CONOCOPHILLIPS                 COM              20825C104      189   2580 SH          SHRD               2580
DELL INC                       COM              24702R101       91   5550 SH          SOLE               5550
DELL INC                       COM              24702R101      127   7700 SH          SHRD               7700
DISNEY WALT CO                 COM              254687106      227   7392 SH          SOLE               7392
DISNEY WALT CO                 COM              254687106      322  10500 SH          SHRD              10500
DOMINION RES INC VA NEW        COM              25746U109      485  11340 SH          SOLE              11340
DOMINION RES INC VA NEW        COM              25746U109      256   5976 SH          SHRD               5976
DU PONT E I DE NEMOURS & CO    COM              263534109      589  14622 SH          SOLE              14622
DU PONT E I DE NEMOURS & CO    COM              263534109      434  10759 SH          SHRD              10759
DUN & BRADSTREET CORP DEL NE   COM              26483E100      415   4400 SH          SHRD               4400
E M C CORP MASS                COM              268648102      129  10760 SH          SHRD              10760
EXELON CORP                    COM              30161N101      187   2982 SH          SOLE               2982
EXELON CORP                    COM              30161N101      200   3200 SH          SHRD               3200
EXXON MOBIL CORP               COM              30231G102     3898  50190 SH          SOLE              50190
EXXON MOBIL CORP               COM              30231G102     5322  68525 SH          SHRD              68525
FPL GROUP INC                  COM              302571104      248   4932 SH          SOLE               4932
FPL GROUP INC                  COM              302571104       93   1840 SH          SHRD               1840
FEDERAL REALTY INVT TR         SH BEN INT NEW   313747206      783   9150 SH          SOLE               9150
FLUOR CORP NEW                 COM              343412102      345   6200 SH          SHRD               6200
FORTUNE BRANDS INC             COM              349631101      434   7565 SH          SHRD               7565
FREEPORT-MCMORAN COPPER & GO   COM              35671D857      632  11121 SH          SHRD              11121
GENERAL ELECTRIC CO            COM              369604103     3127 122639 SH          SOLE             122639
GENERAL ELECTRIC CO            COM              369604103     2558 100311 SH          SHRD             100311
GLAXOSMITHKLINE PLC            SPONSORED ADR    37733W105      168   3871 SH          SOLE               3871
GLAXOSMITHKLINE PLC            SPONSORED ADR    37733W105       49   1127 SH          SHRD               1127
HARRIS CORP DEL                COM              413875105      102   2200 SH          SOLE               2200
HARRIS CORP DEL                COM              413875105      116   2500 SH          SHRD               2500
HEWLETT PACKARD CO             COM              428236103     1073  23212 SH          SOLE              23212
HEWLETT PACKARD CO             COM              428236103      825  17850 SH          SHRD              17850
HONEYWELL INTL INC             COM              438516106      219   5262 SH          SOLE               5262
HONEYWELL INTL INC             COM              438516106      204   4900 SH          SHRD               4900
INTEL CORP                     COM              458140100      326  17428 SH          SOLE              17428
INTEL CORP                     COM              458140100      159   8468 SH          SHRD               8468
INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHS   COM              459200101      615   5262 SH          SOLE               5262
INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHS   COM              459200101      439   3754 SH          SHRD               3754
ISHARES TR                     LEHMAN AGG BND   464287226      233   2365 SH          SOLE               2365
ISHARES TR                     DJ US INDEX FD   464287846      211   3700 SH          SOLE               3700
JP MORGAN & CHASE & CO         COM              46625H100      175   3753 SH          SOLE               3753
JP MORGAN & CHASE & CO         COM              46625H100      544  11654 SH          SHRD              11654
JOHNSON & JOHNSON              COM              489160104     3567  51492 SH          SOLE              51492
JOHNSON & JOHNSON              COM              489160104      450   6500 SH          SHRD               6500
KIMBERLY CLARK CORP            COM              494368103      304   4685 SH          SOLE               4685
KIMBERLY CLARK CORP            COM              494368103      162   2498 SH          SHRD               2098    400
KRAFT FOODS INC                CL A             50075N104      474  14465 SH          SOLE              14465
KRAFT FOODS INC                CL A             50075N104       17    516 SH          SHRD                516
LINCOLN NATL CORP IND          COM              534187109      253   5909 SH          SHRD               5909
LOCKHEED MARTIN CORP           COM              539830109      247   2250 SH          SOLE               2250
LOCKHEED MARTIN CORP           COM              539830109       68    624 SH          SHRD                624
LOWES COS INC                  COM              548661107       66   2800 SH          SOLE               2800
LOWES COS INC                  COM              548661107      314  13250 SH          SHRD              13250
MANULIFE FINL CORP             COM              56501R106      366   9988 SH          SOLE               9988
MANULIFE FINL CORP             COM              56501R106      793  21608 SH          SHRD              21608
MARATHON OIL CORP              COM              565849106      239   6000 SH          SHRD               6000
MCDONALDS CORP                 COM              580135101      186   3011 SH          SOLE               3011
MCDONALDS CORP                 COM              580135101       77   1250 SH          SHRD               1250
MEDCO HEALTH SOLUTIONS INC     COM              58405U102      251   5586 SH          SOLE               5586
MEDCO HEALTH SOLUTIONS INC     COM              58405U102       42    934 SH          SHRD                934
MEDTRONIC INC                  COM              585055106      484   9652 SH          SOLE               9652
MEDTRONIC INC                  COM              585055106      119   2375 SH          SHRD               2375
MERCK & CO INC                 COM              589331107      517  16384 SH          SOLE              16384
MERCK & CO INC                 COM              589331107      171   5425 SH          SHRD               5425
MICROSOFT CORP                 COM              594918104      343  12843 SH          SOLE              12843
MICROSOFT CORP                 COM              594918104      823  30825 SH          SHRD              30825
MONSANTO CO NEW                COM              61166W101      209   2114 SH          SOLE               2114
MONSANTO CO NEW                COM              61166W101        5     50 SH          SHRD                 50
MOTOROLA INC                   COM              620076109       72  10121 SH          SOLE              10121
MOTOROLA INC                   COM              620076109       14   1997 SH          SHRD               1997
NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORP          COM              655844108     1200  18119 SH          SOLE              18119
NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORP          COM              655844108      119   1800 SH          SHRD               1800
ORACLE CORP                    COM              68389X105       39   1900 SH          SOLE               1900
ORACLE CORP                    COM              68389X105      268  13200 SH          SHRD              13200
PEPSICO INC                    COM              713448108      723  10145 SH          SOLE              10145
PEPSICO INC                    COM              713448108     1006  14120 SH          SHRD              14120
PFIZER INC                     COM              717081103      915  49605 SH          SOLE              49605
PFIZER INC                     COM              717081103     1091  59165 SH          SHRD              59165
PHILIP MORRIS INTL INC         COM              718172109     1008  20950 SH          SOLE              20950
PHILIP MORRIS INTL INC         COM              718172109      125   2600 SH          SHRD               2600
PROCTER & GAMBLE CO            COM              742718109      750  10755 SH          SOLE              10755
PROCTER & GAMBLE CO            COM              742718109      128   1836 SH          SHRD               1836
PROTECTIVE LIFE CORP           COM              743674103     6628 232488 SH          SOLE             232488
QWEST COMMUNICATIONS INTL      COM              749121109        1    361 SH          SOLE                361
QWEST COMMUNICATIONS INTL      COM              749121109       37  11550 SH          SHRD              11550
REGIONS FINANCIAL CORP NEW     COM              7591EP100      781  81327 SH          SOLE              81327
REGIONS FINANCIAL CORP NEW     COM              7591EP100       26   2710 SH          SHRD               2710
ROCKWELL COLLINS INC           COM              774341101      201   4179 SH          SOLE               4179
ROCKWELL COLLINS INC           COM              774341101       63   1300 SH          SHRD               1300
ROYAL DUTCH SHELL PLC          SPONSORED ADR    780259206      317   5370 SH          SOLE               5370
SARA LEE CORP                  COM              803111103      154  12185 SH          SOLE              12185
SARA LEE CORP                  COM              803111103       64   5100 SH          SHRD               5100
SCHERING PLOUGH CORP           COM              806605101       66   3600 SH          SOLE               3600
SCHERING PLOUGH CORP           COM              806605101      315  17070 SH          SHRD              17070
SCHLUMBERGER LTD               COM              806857108      284   3643 SH          SOLE               3643
SCHLUMBERGER LTD               COM              806857108      547   7000 SH          SHRD               7000
SPACE PROPULSION SYS INC       COM              846192102        1  16250 SH          SOLE              16250
TARGET CORP                    COM              87612E106       80   1626 SH          SOLE               1626
TARGET CORP                    COM              87612E106      265   5397 SH          SHRD               5397
TEXAS INSTRS INC               COM              882508104      113   5242 SH          SOLE               5242
TEXAS INSTRS INC               COM              882508104      156   7276 SH          SHRD               7276
3M CO                          COM              88579Y101      569   8332 SH          SOLE               8332
3M CO                          COM              88579Y101      156   2283 SH          SHRD               2283
TRAVELERS COMPANIES INC        COM              89417E109        3     77 SH          SOLE                 77
TRAVELERS COMPANIES INC        COM              89417E109      243   5374 SH          SHRD               5374
UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORP       COM              913017109      158   2630 SH          SOLE               2630
UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORP       COM              913017109      539   8975 SH          SHRD               8975
VERIZON COMMUNICATONS INC      COM              92343V104      677  21089 SH          SOLE              21089
VERIZON COMMUNICATONS INC      COM              92343V104      682  21262 SH          SHRD              21262
WACHOVIA CORP NEW              COM              929903102       20   5831 SH          SOLE               5831
WACHOVIA CORP NEW              COM              929903102       41  11843 SH          SHRD              11843
WAL MART STORES INC            COM              931142103     1039  17346 SH          SOLE              17346
WAL MART STORES INC            COM              931142103      361   6032 SH          SHRD               6032
WASHINGTON REAL ESTATE INVT    SH BEN INT       939653101      249   6797 SH          SOLE               6797
WASHINGTON REAL ESTATE INVT    SH BEN INT       939653101       30    825 SH          SHRD                825
WELLPOINT INC                  COM              94973V107        2     48 SH          SOLE                 48
WELLPOINT INC                  COM              94973V107      407   8700 SH          SHRD               8700
WELLS FARGO & CO NEW           COM              949746101      678  18060 SH          SOLE              18060
WELLS FARGO & CO NEW           COM              949746101       95   2532 SH          SHRD               2532
WYETH                          COM              983024100      542  14666 SH          SOLE              14666
WYETH                          COM              983024100      648  17529 SH          SHRD              17529