(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
Delaware | 13-3398766 | |
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) |
(IRS Employer Identification No.) |
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)
(Registrants Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class | Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered | |
Depositary Units Representing Limited Partner Interests | New York Stock Exchange | |
5% Cumulative Pay-in-Kind Redeemable Preferred Units Representing Limited Partner Interests | New York Stock Exchange |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined by Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes o No x
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes o No x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definition of large accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check One):
Large Accelerated Filer o | Accelerated Filer x | Non-accelerated Filer o | Smaller reporting company o |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x
The aggregate market value of depositary units held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2008, the last business day of the registrants most recently completed second fiscal quarter, based upon the closing price of depositary units on the New York Stock Exchange Composite Tape on such date was $431,255,032.
The number of depositary and preferred units outstanding as of the close of business on July 31, 2009 was 74,775,597 and 13,127,179, respectively.
We are updating Part II, Items 6 (Selected Financial Data), 7 (Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations) and 8 (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data) of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, or our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March 4, 2009, to reflect the retrospective application of the presentation and disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of ARB No. 51.
In addition, in response to a Securities and Exchange Commission comment letter dated April 28, 2009, regarding certain financial matters set forth in our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K, we are amending Part II, Item 8 (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data), to reformat our consolidated balance sheets, and statements of operations and cash flows for all periods presented. This amendment has no effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Except as described above, no other changes have been made to our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
i
ii
The following table contains our selected historical consolidated financial data, which should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto, and Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained in this annual report on Form 10-K/A. The selected historical consolidated financial data as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 and for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements at those dates and for those periods, contained elsewhere in this annual report on Form 10-K/A. The selected historical consolidated financial data as of December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 and for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements at those dates and for those periods, not contained in this annual report on Form 10-K/A, as adjusted retrospectively for certain reclassifications of our real estate segment as held and used, and the application of the presentation and disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of ARB No. 51.
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||||||
(In Millions, Except Per Unit Amounts) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Statement of Operations Data: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 5,027 | $ | 2,491 | $ | 3,006 | $ | 1,528 | $ | 855 | ||||||||||
(Loss) income from continuing operations | $ | (3,173 | ) | $ | 480 | $ | 1,008 | $ | 286 | $ | 204 | |||||||||
Income from discontinued operations | 485 | 84 | 850 | 23 | 107 | |||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income | (2,688 | ) | 564 | 1,858 | 309 | 311 | ||||||||||||||
Less: Net loss (income) attributable to non-controlling interests |
2,645 | (256 | ) | (750 | ) | (227 | ) | (47 | ) | |||||||||||
Net (loss) income attributable to Icahn Enterprises | $ | (43 | ) | $ | 308 | $ | 1,108 | $ | 82 | $ | 264 | |||||||||
Net (loss) income attributable to Icahn Enterprises allocable to: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Limited partners | $ | (57 | ) | $ | 103 | $ | 507 | $ | (21 | ) | $ | 131 | ||||||||
General partner | 14 | 205 | 601 | 103 | 133 | |||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income attributable to Icahn Enterprises | $ | (43 | ) | $ | 308 | $ | 1,108 | $ | 82 | $ | 264 | |||||||||
Net (loss) income attributable to Icahn Enterprises from: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Continuing operations | $ | (528 | ) | $ | 219 | $ | 311 | $ | 54 | $ | 156 | |||||||||
Discontinued operations | 485 | 89 | 797 | 28 | 108 | |||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income attributable to Icahn Enterprises | $ | (43 | ) | $ | 308 | $ | 1,108 | $ | 82 | $ | 264 | |||||||||
Basic and diluted (loss) income per LP Unit: |
||||||||||||||||||||
(Loss) income from continuing operations | $ | (7.84 | ) | $ | 0.24 | $ | 0.03 | $ | (0.87 | ) | $ | 0.53 | ||||||||
Income from discontinued operations | 7.04 | 1.34 | 8.19 | 0.50 | 2.31 | |||||||||||||||
Basic and diluted (loss) income per LP unit | $ | (0.80 | ) | $ | 1.58 | $ | 8.22 | $ | (0.37 | ) | $ | 2.84 | ||||||||
Weighted average limited partnership units outstanding |
71 | 65 | 62 | 54 | 46 | |||||||||||||||
Other Financial Data: |
||||||||||||||||||||
EBITDA(1) | $ | 786 | $ | 545 | $ | 1,464 | $ | 376 | $ | 439 | ||||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA(1) | 837 | 483 | 1,452 | 437 | 448 | |||||||||||||||
Cash distributions declared, per LP Unit | 1.00 | 0.55 | 0.40 | 0.20 | |
1
December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||||||
(In Millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Balance Sheet Data: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 2,612 | $ | 2,113 | $ | 1,884 | $ | 367 | $ | 787 | ||||||||||
Investments | 4,515 | 6,432 | 3,458 | 3,399 | 721 | |||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net | 2,878 | 533 | 555 | 517 | 620 | |||||||||||||||
Total assets | 18,815 | 12,434 | 9,280 | 7,257 | 3,056 | |||||||||||||||
Debt | 4,571 | 2,041 | 953 | 918 | 752 | |||||||||||||||
Preferred limited partner units | 130 | 124 | 118 | 112 | 107 | |||||||||||||||
Equity attributable to Icahn Enterprises | 2,398 | 2,313 | 2,832 | 1,738 | 1,787 |
(1) | EBITDA represents earnings before interest expense, income tax (benefit) expense and depreciation, depletion and amortization. We define Adjusted EBITDA as EBITDA excluding the effect of unrealized losses or gains on derivative contracts. We present EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA because we consider them important supplemental measures of our performance and believe they are frequently used by securities analysts, investors and other interested parties in the evaluation of companies that have issued debt, many of which present EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA when reporting their results. We present EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA on a consolidated basis, net of the effect of non-controlling interests, however we conduct substantially all of our operations through subsidiaries. The operating results of our subsidiaries may not be sufficient to make distributions to us. In addition, our subsidiaries are not obligated to make funds available to us for payment of our indebtedness, payment of distributions on our depositary units or otherwise, and distributions and intercompany transfers from our subsidiaries to us may be restricted by applicable law or covenants contained in debt agreements and other agreements to which these subsidiaries currently may be subject or into which they may enter into in the future. The terms of any borrowings of our subsidiaries or other entities in which we own equity may restrict dividends, distributions or loans to us. |
EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA have limitations as analytical tools, and you should not consider them in isolation, or as substitutes for analysis of our results as reported under generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, or U.S. GAAP. For example, EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA:
| do not reflect our cash expenditures, or future requirements for capital expenditures, or contractual commitments; |
| do not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs; and |
| do not reflect the significant interest expense, or the cash requirements necessary to service interest or principal payments on our debt. |
Although depreciation, depletion and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated, depleted or amortized often will have to be replaced in the future, and EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA do not reflect any cash requirements for such replacements. Other companies in the industries in which we operate may calculate EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA differently than we do, limiting their usefulness as comparative measures. In addition, EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA do not reflect the impact of earnings or charges resulting from matters we consider not to be indicative of our ongoing operations.
EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are not measurements of our financial performance under U.S. GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to net income or any other performance measures derived in accordance with U.S. GAAP or as an alternative to cash flow from operating activities as a measure of our liquidity. Given these limitations, we rely primarily on our U.S. GAAP results and use EBITDA only supplementally in measuring our financial performance.
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The following table reconciles net income to EBITDA and EBITDA to Adjusted EBITDA for the periods indicated (in millions of dollars):
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income | $ | (43 | ) | $ | 308 | $ | 1,108 | $ | 82 | $ | 264 | |||||||||
Interest expense | 273 | 171 | 143 | 105 | 68 | |||||||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) | 308 | 27 | 39 | 31 | (1 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Depreciation, depletion and amortization | 248 | 39 | 174 | 158 | 108 | |||||||||||||||
EBITDA | 786 | 545 | 1,464 | 376 | 439 | |||||||||||||||
Unrealized (gains) losses on derivative contracts | 51 | (62 | ) | (12 | ) | 61 | 9 | |||||||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 837 | $ | 483 | $ | 1,452 | $ | 437 | $ | 448 |
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Managements discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is comprised of the following sections:
(1) | Overview |
| Introduction |
| Acquisition of Controlling Interest in Federal-Mogul Corporation |
| Divestiture |
| Declaration of Distribution on Depositary Units |
(2) | Results of Operations |
| Overview |
| Consolidated Financial Results of Continuing Operations |
| Investment Management |
| Automotive |
| Metals |
| Real Estate |
| Home Fashion |
| Holding Company |
| Interest Expense and Non-Controlling Interests Automotive, Holding Company and Other |
| Income Taxes |
| Discontinued Operations |
(3) | Liquidity and Capital Resources |
| Holding Company |
| Consolidated Cash Flows |
| Borrowings |
| Contractual Commitments |
| Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements |
| Discussion of Segment Liquidity and Capital Resources |
| Investment Management |
| Automotive |
| Metals |
| Real Estate |
| Home Fashion |
| Discontinued Operations |
| Distributions |
(4) | Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates |
(5) | Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements |
(6) | Forward-Looking Statements |
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The following discussion is intended to assist you in understanding our present business and results of operations together with our present financial condition. This section should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying notes.
Icahn Enterprises L.P., or Icahn Enterprises, is a master limited partnership formed in Delaware on February 17, 1987. We own a 99% limited partner interest in Icahn Enterprises Holdings L.P., or Icahn Enterprises Holdings. Icahn Enterprises Holdings and its subsidiaries own substantially all of our assets and liabilities and conduct substantially all of our operations. Icahn Enterprises G.P. Inc., or Icahn Enterprises GP, our sole general partner, which is owned and controlled by Mr. Carl C. Icahn, owns a 1% general partner interest in both us and Icahn Enterprises Holdings, representing an aggregate 1.99% general partner interest in us and Icahn Enterprises Holdings. As of December 31, 2008, affiliates of Mr. Icahn owned 68,644,590 of our depositary units and 10,819,213 of our preferred units, which represented approximately 91.8% and 86.5% of our outstanding depositary units and preferred units, respectively.
We are a diversified holding company owning subsidiaries engaged in the following operating businesses: Investment Management (effective August 8, 2007), Automotive (effective July 3, 2008), Metals (effective November 5, 2007), Real Estate and Home Fashion. As of December 31, 2007, we also operated discontinued operations, including our former Gaming segment. In addition to our operating businesses, we discuss the Holding Company, which includes the unconsolidated results of Icahn Enterprises and Icahn Enterprises Holdings, and investment activity and expenses associated with the activities of the Holding Company.
In accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles, or U.S. GAAP, assets transferred between entities under common control are accounted for at historical cost similar to a pooling of interests, and the financial statements of previously separate companies for all periods under common control prior to the acquisition are restated on a consolidated basis.
Variations in the amount and timing of gains and losses on our investments can be significant. The results of our Real Estate and Home Fashion segments are seasonal while our Automotive segment is moderately seasonal.
As described below, on July 3, 2008, Icahn Enterprises consummated the acquisition of a majority interest in Federal-Mogul Corporation, or Federal-Mogul. Federal-Mogul is a leading global supplier of parts, components, modules and systems to customers in the automotive, small engine, heavy-duty, marine, railroad, aerospace and industrial markets. Federal-Mogul has established a global presence and conducts its operations through various manufacturing, distribution and technical centers that are wholly owned subsidiaries or partially owned joint ventures, organized into five product groups: Powertrain Energy, Powertrain Sealing and Bearings, Vehicle Safety and Protection, Automotive Products and Global Aftermarket. Federal-Mogul offers its customers a diverse array of market-leading products for original equipment manufacturers, or OEM, and replacement parts (referred to as aftermarket) applications, including engine bearings, pistons, piston rings, piston pins, ignition products, fuel products, cylinder liners, valve seats and guides, sealing products, element resistant systems protection sleeving products, electrical connectors and sockets, disc pads and brake shoes, lighting, wiper and steering products. Federal-Moguls principal customers include most of the worlds OEMs of vehicles and industrial products and aftermarket retailers and wholesalers.
The predecessor to Federal-Mogul, or the Predecessor Company, and all of its then-existing wholly owned U.S. subsidiaries filed voluntary petitions on October 1, 2001 for reorganization under Chapter 11 of Title 11 of the United States Code, or the Bankruptcy Code, with the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware, or the Bankruptcy Court. On October 1, 2001 (referred to as the Petition Date), certain of the Predecessor Companys United Kingdom subsidiaries (together with the U.S. Subsidiaries, referred to as the Debtors) also filed voluntary petitions for reorganization under the Bankruptcy Code with the Bankruptcy Court. On November 8, 2007, the Bankruptcy Court entered an Order, or the Confirmation Order, confirming the Fourth Amended Joint Plan of Reorganization for Debtors and Debtors-in-Possession (as Modified)
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(referred to as the Plan) and entered Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law regarding the Plan (referred to as the Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law). On November 14, 2007, the United States District Court for the District of Delaware, entered an order affirming the Confirmation Order and adopting the Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law. On December 27, 2007 (referred to as the Effective Date), the Plan became effective in accordance with its terms. On the Effective Date, the Predecessor Company merged with and into New Federal-Mogul Corporation whereupon (i) the separate corporate existence of the Predecessor Company ceased, (ii) New Federal-Mogul Corporation became the surviving corporation and continued to be governed by the laws of the State of Delaware and (iii) New Federal-Mogul Corporation was renamed Federal-Mogul Corporation (also referred herein as Federal-Mogul or the Successor Company).
On July 3, 2008, pursuant to a stock purchase agreement with Thornwood Associates Limited Partnership, or Thornwood, and Thornwoods general partner, Barberry Corp, or Barberry, we acquired a majority interest in Federal-Mogul for an aggregate price of $862,750,000 (or $17.00 per share, which represented a discount to Thornwoods purchase price of such shares). Thornwood and Barberry are wholly owned by Mr. Carl C. Icahn. Prior to our majority interest acquisition of Federal-Mogul, Thornwood owned an aggregate of 75,241,924 shares of stock of Federal-Mogul, or Federal-Mogul Shares. Thornwood had acquired such shares as follows: (i) 50,100,000 Federal-Mogul Shares pursuant to the exercise of two options on February 25, 2008 acquired in December 2007 from the Federal-Mogul Asbestos Personal Injury Trust; and (ii) 25,141,924 Federal-Mogul Shares pursuant to and in connection with Federal-Moguls Plan of Reorganization under Chapter 11 of the United States Code, which became effective on December 27, 2007.
On December 2, 2008, we acquired an additional 24,491,924 of Federal-Mogul Shares from Thornwood, which represented the remaining Federal-Mogul Shares owned by Thornwood. As a result of this transaction, we beneficially own 75,241,924 Federal-Mogul Shares, or 75.7% of the total issued and outstanding capital stock of Federal-Mogul. In consideration of the acquisition of the additional Federal-Mogul Shares, we issued to Thornwood 4,286,087 (or $153 million based on the opening price of $35.60 on our depositary units on December 2, 2008) fully paid and non-assessable depositary units representing our limited partner interests.
Each of the acquisitions was approved by the audit committee of the independent directors of Icahn Enterprises GP. The audit committee was advised by its own legal counsel and independent financial advisor with respect to the transaction. The audit committee received an opinion from its financial adviser as to the fairness to us, from a financial point of view, of the consideration paid.
On February 20, 2008, we consummated the sale of our subsidiary, American Casino & Entertainment Properties LLC, or ACEP, to an affiliate of Whitehall Street Real Estate Fund for $1.2 billion, realizing a gain of $472 million, after taxes. The sale of ACEP included the Stratosphere and three other Nevada gaming properties, which represented all of our remaining gaming operations.
In connection with the closing, we repaid all of ACEPs outstanding 7.85% Senior Secured Notes due 2012, which were tendered pursuant to ACEPs previously announced tender offer and consent solicitation. In addition, ACEP repaid in full all amounts outstanding, and terminated all commitments, under its credit facility with Bear Stearns Corporate Lending Inc., as administrative agent, and the other lenders thereunder.
We elected to deposit $1.2 billion of the gross proceeds from the sale into escrow accounts to fund investment activities through tax-deferred exchanges under Section 1031 of the Internal Revenue Code, or the Code. During the third quarter of fiscal 2008, we invested $465 million of the gross proceeds to purchase two net leased properties within our Real Estate segment, resulting in a deferral of $103 million in taxes. The balance of the escrow accounts was subsequently released.
On February 23, 2009, the board of directors approved a payment of a quarterly cash distribution of $0.25 per unit on our depositary units payable in the first quarter of fiscal 2009. The distribution will be paid on March 30, 2009, to depositary unitholders of record at the close of business on March 16, 2009. Under the terms of the indenture dated April 5, 2007 governing our variable rate notes due 2013, we will also be making a $0.15 distribution to holders of these notes in accordance with the formula set forth in the indenture.
6
A summary of the significant developments for fiscal 2008 is as follows:
| Consummation of the sale of ACEP on February 20, 2008 for $1.2 billion, realizing a gain of $472 million, after taxes of $260 million; |
| Investment of $465 million of the gross proceeds in a Code Section 1031 Exchange transaction related to the sale of ACEP with the purchase of two net leased properties within our Real Estate segment, resulting in a deferral of $103 million in taxes; |
| The inclusion of $5.7 billion of revenues from our Automotive segment for the period March 1, 2008 through December 31, 2008. Additionally, our Automotive segment results for the period March 1, 2008 through December 31, 2008 included total asset impairment charges aggregating $434 million, of which $222 million related to goodwill and $130 related to other indefinite-lived intangible assets. These charges were principally attributable to significant decreases in forecasted future cash flows as Federal-Mogul adjusts to the known and anticipated changes in industry volumes; |
| Increased net sales from the Metals segment of $405 million for fiscal 2008 as compared to fiscal 2007, resulting from an increase in the average selling price of ferrous scrap, increased volume of shipped ferrous production and the inclusion of financial results of acquisitions made during fiscal 2007 and early fiscal 2008; |
| Loss attributable to Icahn Enterprises from continuing operations from the Investment Management segment of $335 million during fiscal 2008 resulting from investment losses from the Private Funds which were primarily affected by the decline in the value of the Private Funds largest equity positions; and |
| Reduced net sales from the Home Fashion segment of $258 million for fiscal 2008 as compared to fiscal 2007 due to the weak home textile retail environment and the elimination of unprofitable programs. |
A summary of the significant developments for fiscal 2007 is as follows:
| The acquisition of the Investment Management business on August 8, 2007 for an initial consideration of 8,632,679 of our depositary units, valued at $810 million; |
| The acquisition of PSC Metals from Philip Services Corporation, or Philip, on November 5, 2007 for a total consideration of $335 million in cash; |
| An increase in the Investment Management segments AUM of $3.5 billion compared to December 31, 2006; |
| The issuance of $500 million of additional 7.125% senior unsecured notes in January 2007; |
| The issuance of $600 million of variable rate notes in April 2007; |
| The sale of our position in common stock of SandRidge Energy, Inc., or SandRidge, for total cash consideration of $243 million in April 2007; |
| Income attributable to Icahn Enterprises from continuing operations from our Investment Management segment of $170 million due to overall positive returns of the Private Funds despite broad, volatile market conditions in fiscal 2007; and |
| The continued restructuring efforts of WPI, including the closure of all of WPIs retail stores and related inventory disposal. WPI recorded a charge of $14 million related to this restructuring effort, which is included in discontinued operations. |
7
The following table summarizes revenues and income attributable to Icahn Enterprises from continuing operations for each of our segments (in millions of dollars):
Revenues(1) Year Ended December 31, |
||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
Investment Management | $ | (2,783 | ) | $ | 588 | $ | 1,104 | |||||
Automotive(2) | 5,727 | | | |||||||||
Metals | 1,243 | 834 | 715 | |||||||||
Real Estate | 103 | 113 | 137 | |||||||||
Home Fashion | 438 | 706 | 898 | |||||||||
Holding Company | 299 | 250 | 152 | |||||||||
Total | $ | 5,027 | $ | 2,491 | $ | 3,006 |
Income (Loss) Attributable to Icahn Enterprises From Continuing Operations Year Ended December 31, |
||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
Investment Management | $ | (335 | ) | $ | 170 | $ | 260 | |||||
Automotive(2) | (350 | ) | | | ||||||||
Metals | 66 | 42 | 51 | |||||||||
Real Estate | 14 | 14 | 25 | |||||||||
Home Fashion | (55 | ) | (84 | ) | (71 | ) | ||||||
Holding Company | 132 | 77 | 46 | |||||||||
Total | $ | (528 | ) | $ | 219 | $ | 311 |
(1) | Revenues include interest and dividend income, other income, net and gain on extinguishment of debt. |
(2) | Automotive segment results are for the period March 1, 2008 through December 31, 2008. |
On August 8, 2007, we acquired the general partnership interests in Icahn Onshore LP, or the Onshore GP, and Icahn Offshore LP, or the Offshore GP (and, together with the Onshore GP, being referred to herein as the General Partners), acting as general partners of Icahn Partners LP, or the Onshore Fund, and the Offshore Master Funds (as defined below). We also acquired the general partnership interest in Icahn Capital Management LP, or New Icahn Management, a Delaware limited partnership. Prior to January 1, 2008, the General Partners and New Icahn Management provided investment advisory and certain management services to the Private Funds (as defined below). Effective January 1, 2008, in addition to providing investment advisory services to the Private Funds, the General Partners provide or cause their affiliates to provide certain administrative and back office services to the Private Funds that had been previously provided by New Icahn Management. The General Partners do not provide such services to any other entities, individuals or accounts. Interests in the Private Funds are offered only to certain sophisticated and accredited investors on the basis of exemptions from the registration requirements of the federal securities laws and are not publicly available. As referred to herein, the Offshore Master Funds consist of (i) Icahn Partners Master Fund L.P., (ii) Icahn Partners Master Fund II L.P. and (iii) Icahn Partners Master Fund III L.P. The Onshore Fund and the Offshore Master Funds are collectively referred to herein as the Investment Funds.
The Offshore GP also acts as general partner of certain funds formed as a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership that invests in the Offshore Master Funds. These funds, together with other funds that also invest in the Offshore Master Funds, constitute the Feeder Funds and, together with the Investment Funds, are referred to herein as the Private Funds.
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Globally markets were down approximately 40% in fiscal 2008. We believe that the factors that contributed to the distressed market conditions during fiscal 2008 included, but were not limited to, constrained credit markets, de-leveraging by global financial institutions and a global recession. These conditions contributed to price volatility and declining asset values which negatively impacted the Private Funds performance, particularly during the second half of fiscal 2008. The majority of the Private Funds losses came from two core equity positions, Motorola Inc., or Motorola, and Yahoo!, which declined more than the global equity markets, as well as the Private Funds long credit exposures. We expect fiscal 2009 to present opportunities for capitalizing on distressed investing.
As of January 1, 2009, we invested an additional $250 million in the Private Funds. For a more detailed description of how global economic and financial market conditions can materially affect our performance, see Item 1A. Risk Factors Risks Related to Our Business Investment Management.
The Investment Management segment derives revenues from three sources: (1) special profits interest allocations (and prior to January 1, 2008, management fees); (2) incentive allocations, and (3) gains and losses from our investments in the Private Funds.
Prior to January 1, 2008, the management agreements between New Icahn Management and the Private Funds provided for the management fees to be paid by each of the Feeder Funds and the Onshore Fund to New Icahn Management at the beginning of each quarter generally in an amount equal to 0.625% (2.5% annualized) of the net asset value of each Investors (defined below) investment in the Feeder Fund or Onshore Fund, as applicable, and were recognized quarterly.
Effective January 1, 2008, the management agreements were terminated resulting in the termination of the Feeder Funds and the Onshore Funds obligations to pay management fees. In addition, the limited partnership agreements of the Investment Funds, or the Investment Fund LPAs, were amended to provide that, as of January 1, 2008, the General Partners will provide or cause their affiliates to provide to the Private Funds the administrative and back office services that were formerly provided by New Icahn Management (referred to herein as the Services) and, in consideration of providing the Services, the General Partners will receive special profits interest allocations (as further discussed below) from the Investment Funds. As of January 1, 2008, New Icahn Management distributed its net assets to Icahn Capital LP, or Icahn Capital. Icahn Capital is the general partner of Onshore GP and Offshore GP.
Effective January 1, 2008, the Investment Fund LPAs provide that the applicable General Partner will receive a special profits interest allocation at the end of each calendar year from each capital account maintained in the Investment Funds that is attributable to: (i) in the case of the Onshore Fund, each fee-paying limited partner in the Onshore Fund and (ii) in the case of the Feeder Funds, each fee-paying investor in the Feeder Funds (that excludes certain investors that are affiliates of Mr. Icahn) (in each case, referred to herein as an Investor). This allocation is generally equal to 0.625% of the balance in each fee-paying capital account as of the beginning of each quarter (for each Investor, the Target Special Profits Interest Amount) except that amounts are allocated to the General Partners in respect of special profits interest allocations only to the extent that net increases (i.e., net profits) are allocated to an Investor for the fiscal year. Accordingly, any special profits interest allocations allocated to the General Partners in respect of an Investor in any year cannot exceed the net profits allocated to such Investor in such year.
In the event that sufficient net profits are not generated by an Investment Fund with respect to a capital account to meet the full Target Special Profits Interest Amount for an Investor for a calendar year, a special profits interest allocation will be made to the extent of such net profits, if any, and the shortfall will be carried forward (without interest or a preferred return thereon) and added to the Target Special Profits Interest Amount determined for such Investor for the next calendar year. Appropriate adjustments will be made to the calculation of the special profits interest allocation for new subscriptions and withdrawals by Investors. In the event that an Investor redeems in full from a Feeder Fund or the Onshore Fund before the entire Target Special Profits Interest Amount determined for such Investor has been allocated to the General Partner in the form of a special profits interest allocation, the Target Special Profits Interest Amount that has not yet been allocated to the General Partner will be forfeited and the General Partner will never receive it.
9
Each Target Special Profits Interest Amount will be deemed contributed to a separate hypothetical capital account (that is not subject to an incentive allocation or a special profits interest allocation) in the applicable Investment Fund and any gains or losses that would have been allocated on such amounts will be credited or debited, as applicable, to such hypothetical capital account. The special profits interest allocation attributable to an Investor will be deemed to be made (and thereby debited) from such hypothetical capital account and, accordingly, the aggregate amount of any special profits interest allocation attributable to such Investor will also depend upon the investment returns of the Investment Fund in which such hypothetical capital account is maintained.
The General Partners waived the special profits interest allocations effective January 1, 2008 (and for periods prior to January 1, 2008, New Icahn Management waived management fees) and incentive allocations for Icahn Enterprises investments in the Private Funds and Mr. Icahns direct and indirect holdings and may, in their sole discretion, modify or may elect to reduce or waive such fees with respect to any investor that is an affiliate, employee or relative of Mr. Icahn or his affiliates, or for any other investor.
All of the special profits interest allocations (effective January 1, 2008), substantially all of the management fees (prior to January 1, 2008) from certain consolidated entities and all of the incentive allocations are eliminated in consolidation; however, our share of the net income from the Private Funds includes the amount of these eliminated fees and allocations.
Prior to January 1, 2008, our Investment Management results were driven by the combination of the Private Funds assets under management, or AUM, and the investment performance of the Private Funds. Prior to January 1, 2008, as AUM increased, management fee revenues generally increased in tandem because New Icahn Management charged management fees based on the net asset value of fee-paying capital in the Private Funds, generally at the beginning of each quarter. Effective January 1, 2008, our Investment Management results continue to be driven by the combination of the Private Funds AUM and the investment performance of the Private Funds, except, as discussed above, that special profits interest allocations are only earned to extent that there are sufficient net profits generated from the Private Funds to cover such allocations.
Incentive allocations are determined based on the aggregate amount of net profits earned by the Investment Funds (after the special profits interest allocation is made). Incentive allocations are determined by the investment performance of the Private Funds, which is a principal determinant of the long-term success of the Investment Management segment because it enables AUM to increase through retention of fund profits and by making it more likely to attract new investment capital and minimize redemptions by Private Fund investors. Incentive allocations are generally 25% of the net profits (both realized and unrealized) generated by fee-paying investors in the Investment Funds and are subject to a high water mark (whereby the General Partners do not earn incentive allocations during a particular year even though the fund had a positive return in such year until losses in prior periods are recovered). These allocations are calculated and allocated to the capital accounts of the General Partners annually except for incentive allocations earned as a result of investor redemption events during interim periods.
The General Partners and their affiliates also earn income (or are subject to losses) through their investments in the Investment Funds. Icahn Enterprises Holdings earns income (or is subject to losses) through its investment in the Investment Funds. In both cases the income or losses consist of realized and unrealized gains and losses on investment activities along with interest and dividend income.
The table below reflects changes to AUM for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006. The end-of-period balances represent total AUM, including any accrued special profits interest allocations (and prior to January 1, 2008, deferred management fees) and any incentive allocations and our own investments in the Private Funds as well as investments of other affiliated parties who have not been charged special profits interest allocations (and prior to January 1, 2008, management fees) or incentive allocations for the periods presented (in millions of dollars):
10
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period | $ | 7,511 | $ | 4,020 | $ | 2,647 | ||||||
Net (out-flows) in-flows | (274 | ) | 3,005 | 332 | ||||||||
(Depreciation) appreciation | (2,869 | ) | 486 | 1,041 | ||||||||
Balance, end of period | $ | 4,368 | $ | 7,511 | $ | 4,020 | ||||||
Fee-paying AUM | $ | 2,374 | $ | 5,050 | $ | 3,193 |
For the year ended December 31, 2008, we, along with affiliates of Carl C. Icahn, invested a net amount of $510 million in the Private Funds for which no special profits interest allocations or incentive allocations are applicable. These amounts are included in the net outflows for the year ended December 31, 2008.
The following table sets forth performance information for the Private Funds that were in existence for the comparative periods presented. These gross returns represent a weighted-average composite of the average gross returns, net of expenses for the Private Funds.
Gross Return(1) for the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
Private Funds | -35.6 | % | 12.3 | % | 37.8 | % |
(1) | These returns are indicative of a typical investor who has been invested since inception of the Private Funds. The performance information is presented gross of any special profits interest allocations (and prior to January 1, 2008, management fees) but net of expenses. Past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results. |
The Private Funds aggregate gross performance was -35.6% for fiscal 2008. During fiscal 2008, losses were primarily a result of the decline in the Private Funds holdings of Yahoo! and Motorola as well as the Private Funds long credit exposure. For fiscal 2008, the Private Funds short exposure in equity produced gains due to the negative U.S. equity markets. Short exposure to credit contributed gains for fiscal 2008 and overall credit exposure was slightly positive, although such gains were offset by long credit exposure.
Current dislocations in the global financial markets and the lack of confidence resulting from unprecedented systemic risks associated with derivative and financial leverage, while providing potential long-term opportunities, may continue to negatively impact the Private Funds performance.
The Private Funds aggregate gross performance of 12.3% for 2007 was driven by a few core equity positions, including: Anadarko Petroleum Corp., or Anadarko, MedImmune Inc., or MedImmune, and BEA Systems. Additionally, short positions in high-yield credit and the broad U.S. equity markets also added to performance as high-yield spreads widened and the market declined in the last months of the year. However, our long investments in energy more than offset the losses from the energy hedge and, overall, the sector was positive.
The Private Funds aggregate gross performance of 37.8% for 2006 was driven by a few core activist positions as well as strong U.S. equity and credit markets. Investments in five positions Time Warner, Kerr McGee, Lear Corporation, Cigna and KT&G Corporation were the main drivers of our performance, contributing over 62% of our total profits. Profits were somewhat mitigated by hedged positions in energy and shorts against a few long hotel and retail positions. Volatility was reduced as a result, as is our intent with these short positions.
Equity positions in Yahoo!, Motorola, MedImmune, Anadarko, BEA Systems, Time Warner, Kerr McGee, Lear Corporation, Cigna and KT&G Corporation have been previously disclosed in other filings with the SEC as well as other governmental agencies.
Since inception in November 2004, the Private Funds gross returns are 24.0%, representing an annualized rate of return of 5.3% through December 31, 2008, which is indicative of a typical investor who has invested since inception of the Private Funds. Past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results.
11
We consolidate certain of the Private Funds into our results. Accordingly, in accordance with U.S. GAAP, any special profits interest allocations (and prior to January 1, 2008, management fees), incentive allocations and earnings on investments in the Private Funds are eliminated in consolidation. These eliminations have no impact on our net income, however, as our allocated share of the net income from the Private Funds includes the amount of these eliminated fees and allocations.
The tables below provide a reconciliation of the unconsolidated revenues and expenses of our interest in the General Partners and Icahn Capital (and, for periods prior to January 1, 2008, our interest in the General Partners and New Icahn Management) to the consolidated U.S. GAAP revenues and expenses. The first column represents the results of operations of our interest in the General Partners and Icahn Capital (and, for periods prior to January 1, 2008, our interest in the General Partners and New Icahn Management) without the impact of consolidating the Private Funds or the eliminations arising from the consolidation of these funds. This includes the gross amount of any special profits interest allocations (and, prior to January 1, 2008, management fees), incentive allocations and returns on investments in the Private Funds that is attributable to us only. This also includes gains and losses on our direct investments in the Private Funds. The second column represents the total consolidated income and expenses of the Private Funds for all investors, including us, before eliminations. The third column represents the eliminations required in order to arrive at our consolidated U.S. GAAP reported income for the segment.
Summarized income statement information on a deconsolidated basis and on a U.S. GAAP basis for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 (in millions of dollars):
Year Ended December 31, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||
Icahn Enterprises Interests |
Consolidated Private Funds | Eliminations | Total U.S. GAAP Results |
|||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||
Special profit interests allocation | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||||
Net loss from investment activities | (303)(1) | (3,025 | ) | 303 | (3,025 | ) | ||||||||||
Interest and dividend income | | 242 | | 242 | ||||||||||||
(303 | ) | (2,783 | ) | 303 | (2,783 | ) | ||||||||||
Costs and expenses | 32 | 21 | | 53 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense | | 12 | | 12 | ||||||||||||
32 | 33 | | 65 | |||||||||||||
Loss from continuing operations before income tax expense | (335 | ) | (2,816 | ) | 303 | (2,848 | ) | |||||||||
Income tax expense | | | | | ||||||||||||
Loss from continuing operations | (335 | ) | (2,816 | ) | 303 | (2,848 | ) | |||||||||
Less: Loss attributable to non-controlling interests from continuing operations | | 2,787 | (274 | ) | 2,513 | |||||||||||
Loss attributable to Icahn Enterprises from continuing operations | $ | (335 | ) | $ | (29 | ) | $ | 29 | $ | (335 | ) |
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Year Ended December 31, 2007 | ||||||||||||||||
Icahn Enterprises Interests |
Consolidated Private Funds | Eliminations | Total U.S. GAAP Results |
|||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||
Management fees | $ | 128 | $ | | $ | (117 | ) | $ | 11 | |||||||
Incentive allocations | 71 | | (71 | ) | | |||||||||||
Net gain from investment activities | 21 | (1) | 355 | (21 | ) | 355 | ||||||||||
Interest and dividend income | 1 | 221 | | 222 | ||||||||||||
221 | 576 | (209 | ) | 588 | ||||||||||||
Costs and expenses | 47 | 38 | | 85 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense | | 15 | | 15 | ||||||||||||
47 | 53 | | 100 | |||||||||||||
Income from continuing operations before income tax expense | 174 | 523 | (209 | ) | 488 | |||||||||||
Income tax expense | (4 | ) | | | (4 | ) | ||||||||||
Income from continuing operations | 170 | 523 | (209 | ) | 484 | |||||||||||
Less: Income attributable to non-controlling interests from continuing operations |
| (298 | ) | (16 | ) | (314 | ) | |||||||||
Income attributable to Icahn Enterprises from continuing operations | $ | 170 | $ | 225 | $ | (225 | ) | $ | 170 |
Year Ended December 31, 2006 | ||||||||||||||||
Icahn Enterprises Interests |
Consolidated Private Funds | Eliminations | Total U.S. GAAP Results |
|||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||
Management fees | $ | 82 | $ | | $ | (82 | ) | $ | | |||||||
Incentive allocations | 190 | | (190 | ) | | |||||||||||
Net gain from investment activities | 27 | 1,031 | (27 | ) | 1,031 | |||||||||||
Interest and dividend income | | 73 | | 73 | ||||||||||||
299 | 1,104 | (299 | ) | 1,104 | ||||||||||||
Costs and expenses | 38 | 32 | | 70 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense | | 10 | | 10 | ||||||||||||
38 | 42 | | 80 | |||||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense | 261 | 1,062 | (299 | ) | 1,024 | |||||||||||
Income tax (expense) benefit | (1 | ) | | | (1 | ) | ||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations | 260 | 1,062 | (299 | ) | 1,023 | |||||||||||
Less: Income attributable to non-controlling interests from continuing operations |
| (763 | ) | | (763 | ) | ||||||||||
Income attributable to Icahn Enterprises from continuing operations | $ | 260 | $ | 299 | $ | (299 | ) | $ | 260 |
(1) | We made investments aggregating $950 million (of which $700 million was made during fiscal 2007 and $250 million was made during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008) in the Private Funds for which no special profits interest allocation effective January 1, 2008 (and prior to January 1, 2008, management fees) or incentive allocations are applicable. As of December 31, 2008, the total value of this investment is $660 million, with an unrealized loss of $274 million and $16 million for fiscal 2008 and fiscal 2007, respectively. These amounts are reflected in the Private Funds net assets and earnings. |
13
For fiscal 2008, the Target Special Profits Interest Amount was $70 million, net of a hypothetical loss from the Investment Funds and forfeited amounts based on redemptions in full. (See above for further discussion regarding the Target Special Profits Interest Amount.) No accrual for special profits interest allocation was made for fiscal 2008 due to losses in the Investment Funds. The Target Special Profits Interest Amount of $70 million representing the entire fiscal 2008 Target Special Profits Amount will be carried forward into future periods and will be accrued to the extent that there are sufficient net profits in the Investment Funds during the investment period to cover such amounts. There was no special profits interest allocation for fiscal 2007 because the special profits interest allocations commenced effective January 1, 2008.
There were no management fees in fiscal 2008 as these fees were terminated on January 1, 2008. Management fees were $128 million for fiscal 2007.
There was no incentive allocation to the General Partners in fiscal 2008 as compared to an incentive allocation of $71 million in fiscal 2007. The decrease of $71 million was due to the decline in performance of the Private Funds during fiscal 2008 compared to fiscal 2007 as the Private Funds largest core equity positions declined in value. Incentive allocations earned from the Private Funds are accrued on a quarterly basis and are generally allocated to the General Partners at the end of the Private Funds fiscal year (or sooner on redemptions).
The net loss from investment activities in fiscal 2008 was $303 million compared to a net gain of $21 million in fiscal 2007 and consists of two components. The first component reflects a net loss of $29 million in fiscal 2008 relating to the decrease in the General Partners investment in the Private Funds as a result of the decline in the performance of the General Partners investment, compared to a gain of $37 million in fiscal 2007. The second component includes a net investment loss in fiscal 2008 of $274 million as compared to $16 million in fiscal 2007 on the aggregate $950 million invested in the Private Funds by us.
Net realized and unrealized losses of the Private Funds on investment activities were $3.0 billion for fiscal 2008, compared to a gain of $355 million for fiscal 2007. This decrease relates primarily to the decline in performance of the Private Funds during fiscal 2008 caused primarily by the decline in the value of the Private Funds largest equity positions.
Interest and dividend income increased by $20 million, or 9.0%, to $242 million for fiscal 2008 as compared to the fiscal 2007. The increase was primarily attributable to amounts earned on interest-paying investments.
The General Partners and Icahn Capitals costs and expenses decreased by $15 million, or 31.9%, to $32 million for fiscal 2008 as compared to fiscal 2007. This decrease is due to a decrease in compensation awards during fiscal 2008 that were primarily tied to the performance of the Investment Funds and unpaid re-invested compensation balances that declined in value.
Private Funds costs and expenses, including interest expense, decreased by $20 million, or 37.7%, to $33 million in fiscal 2008 as compared to fiscal 2007. This decrease is primarily attributable to net loss accrued on the deferred management fee payable by the consolidated Offshore Fund.
Loss attributable to non-controlling interests from continuing operations in fiscal 2008 was $2.5 billion as compared to income attributable to non-controlling interests of $314 million in fiscal 2007. This change was due to the decline in performance of the Private Funds during fiscal 2008.
Management fees increased by $46 million, or 56.1%, to $128 million for fiscal 2007 as compared to fiscal 2006. The increase was attributable to increased AUM due mainly to net capital inflows and capital appreciation.
Incentive allocations decreased by $119 million, or 62.6%, to $71 million for fiscal 2007, as compared to fiscal 2006. This decrease relates to the decline in performance of the Private Funds during fiscal 2007. The General Partners incentive allocations earned from the Private Funds are accrued on a quarterly basis and are allocated to the General Partners at the end of the Private Funds fiscal year (or sooner on redemptions).
14
The net gain from investment activities of $21 million earned by our interests in the Investment Management segment in fiscal 2007 consists of two components. The first reflects a net gain of $37 million relating to the increase in the General Partners investment in the Private Funds as a result of earned incentive allocations and the return on the General Partners investment. This compares with $27 million in fiscal 2006. The second component includes a net investment loss in fiscal 2007 of $16 million on the original $700 million invested in the Private Funds by us which were primarily made in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2007.
Net realized and unrealized gains of the Private Funds on investment activities were $355 million for fiscal 2007, compared to $1.0 billion for fiscal 2006. This decrease relates to the decline in performance of the Private Funds during fiscal 2007 relating to the economic and market factors discussed above but partially offset by increased AUM.
Interest and dividend income increased by $149 million, or 204%, to $222 million for fiscal 2007, as compared to fiscal 2006. The increase was primarily attributable to increases in AUM and the amounts invested in interest-paying investments.
The General Partners and New Icahn Managements costs and expenses increased by $9 million, or 23.7%, to $47 million for fiscal 2007, as compared to fiscal 2006. This increase is primarily due to vested compensation awards relating to management fees and earned incentive allocations and the return thereon.
Private Funds costs and expenses increased by $11 million, or 26.2%, to $53 million for fiscal 2007 as compared to fiscal 2006. This increase is primarily attributable to increases in financing expenses and interest expense relating to securities sold, not yet purchased and an increase in fees paid to the Private Funds administrator that are based on AUM.
Income attributable to non-controlling interests from continuing operations was $314 million for fiscal 2007, as compared to $763 million for fiscal 2006. This decrease was due to the decline in performance of the Private Funds during fiscal 2007 as discussed above.
Our Automotive segment consists of Federal-Mogul, a leading global supplier of a broad range of components, accessories and systems to the automotive, small engine, heavy-duty, marine, railroad, agricultural, off-road, aerospace and industrial, energy and transport markets, including customers in both the OEM market and the aftermarket. Effective July 3, 2008, we acquired a majority interest in Federal-Mogul.
Federal-Mogul believes that its sales are well balanced between OEM and aftermarket as well as domestic and international. During 2008, Federal-Mogul derived 62% of its sales from the OE market and 38% from the aftermarket. Federal-Moguls customers include the worlds largest automotive OEMs and major distributors and retailers in the independent aftermarket. Geographically, Federal-Mogul derived 38% of its 2008 sales in North America and 62% internationally. Federal-Mogul is organized into five product groups: Powertrain Energy, Powertrain Sealing and Bearings, Vehicle Safety and Protection, Automotive Products and Global Aftermarket. Federal-Mogul has operations in established markets including Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Spain, the United Kingdom and the United States, and emerging markets including Brazil, China, Czech Republic, Hungary, India, Korea, Mexico, Poland, Russia, Thailand and Turkey. The attendant risks of Federal-Moguls international operations are primarily related to currency fluctuations, changes in local economic and political conditions, and changes in laws and regulations.
In accordance with U.S. GAAP, assets transferred between entities under common control are accounted for at historical cost similar to a pooling of interests. As of February 25, 2008 (the effective date of control by Thornwood and, indirectly, by Carl C. Icahn) and thereafter, as a result of our acquisition of a majority interest in Federal-Mogul on July 3, 2008, we consolidated the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of Federal-Mogul. We evaluated the activity between February 25, 2008 and February 29, 2008 and, based on the immateriality of such activity, concluded that the use of an accounting convenience date of February 29, 2008 was appropriate. For comparative purposes, revenues and earnings of Federal-Mogul for the ten months ended December 31, 2007 are provided in the tables and discussion below and are not included in our consolidated results, and exclude income and expenses relating to their emergence from bankruptcy.
15
The five product groups of our Automotive segment have been aggregated for purposes of reporting our operating results below. Summarized statements of operations and performance data for the Automotive segment for the period March 1, 2008 through December 31, 2008 and 2007 are as follows (in millions of dollars):
Period March 1 through December 31, |
||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Net sales | $ | 5,652 | $ | 5,822 | ||||
Cost of goods sold | 4,730 | 4,820 | ||||||
Gross margin | 922 | 1,002 | ||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||
Selling, general and administrative | 709 | 785 | ||||||
Restructuring and impairment | 566 | 103 | ||||||
Total expenses | 1,275 | 888 | ||||||
(Loss) income from continuing operations before interest, income taxes, and other income, net | $ | (353 | ) | $ | 114 |
The percentage of Federal-Moguls net sales by region for the ten months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 are listed below.
2008 | Ten Months |
|||
U.S. and Canada | 40 | % | ||
Europe | 46 | % | ||
Rest of world | 14 | % |
2007 | Ten Months |
|||
U.S. and Canada | 42 | % | ||
Europe | 45 | % | ||
Rest of world | 13 | % |
During the first half of fiscal 2008, Federal-Mogul experienced significant sales growth in all regions and business units. Starting during the third quarter of fiscal 2008, North American light vehicle OE production began to lose pace, with significant production declines in both North American and European light vehicle OE production during the fourth quarter. In total, the number of light vehicles produced was 16.4 million in the Americas, 22.4 million in Europe, the Middle East and Africa, or EMEA, and 27.2 million in Asia, compared to 2007 light vehicle production of 18.5 million, 24.0 million and 27.2 million in the Americas, EMEA and Asia, respectively. Federal-Mogul expects continued downward pressure on fiscal 2009 production volumes when compared to the volumes experienced during fiscal 2008.
Net sales decreased by $170 million, or 2.9%, to $5.7 billion for the ten months ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the corresponding prior year period. Decreased OE production in North America and Europe as well as decreased demand in aftermarket resulted in overall sales volume declines, which were partially offset by customer pricing increases and incremental sales resulting from acquisitions. Additionally, approximately 60% of Federal-Moguls net sales for the ten months ended December 31, 2008 originated outside the United States; therefore, the weakening of the U.S. dollar, primarily against the euro, resulted in increased reported sales from non-U.S. operations, thereby partially offsetting the overall net sales decrease for the ten months ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the corresponding prior year period.
16
Gross margin decreased by $80 million, or 8.0%, to $922 million for the ten months ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the corresponding prior year period. During the period March 1, 2008 through December 31, 2008, our Automotive segment recognized $60 million as additional cost of goods sold which consisted of fair value adjustments based on our purchase of the controlling interest in Federal-Mogul, thereby reducing gross margin by the same amount. Before considering the impact of this one-time inventory charge of $60 million, gross margin would have been 17.4% of net sales as compared to 17.2% in the corresponding prior year period. Improved productivity, net of labor and benefits inflation, lower depreciation of fixed assets revalued in conjunction with the purchase accounting adjustments to fair value, and customer price increases were more than offset by decreased sales volumes and increased costs of materials and services.
Selling, general and administrative, or SG&A expenses, decreased by $76 million, or 9.7%, to $709 million for the ten months ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the corresponding prior year period. SG&A expenses were 12.5% and 13.5% of net sales for the ten months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The unfavorable impact of exchange movements increased SG&A expenses which was more than offset by a constant-dollar reduction, primarily due to reduced pension costs and other productivity improvements, net of labor and benefits inflation.
Included in SG&A expense above were research and development, or R&D, costs, including product engineering and validation costs, of $142 million for the ten months ended December 31, 2008 compared to $149 million in the comparable prior year period. As a percentage of OEM sales, research and development was 4% for each of the ten months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007.
Restructuring and impairment increased by $463 million to $566 million for the ten months ended December 31, 2008, as compared the corresponding prior year period. The increase is primarily due to impairment charges relating to goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets as discussed below.
Included in restructuring and impairment charges are a total of $434 million related to impairment charges as follows:
Amount | ||||
Long-lived tangible assets | $ | 19 | ||
Goodwill | 222 | |||
Other indefinite-lived intangible assets | 130 | |||
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates | 63 | |||
$ | 434 |
Given the complexity of the calculation and the significance of fourth quarter economic activity, Federal-Mogul has not yet completed its annual impairment assessment. Federal-Mogul evaluates its recorded goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment annually as of October 1 and in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards, or SFAS, No. 142, Accounting for Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, or SFAS No. 142. Based upon the draft valuations and preliminary assessment, our Automotive segment recorded impairment charges of $222 million and $130 million for goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets, respectively, for the period March 1, 2008 through December 31, 2008. To the extent that the finalization of Federal-Moguls assessment of goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible requires adjustment to the preliminary impairment charge, such adjustment would be recorded in the first quarter of fiscal 2009. These charges were required to adjust the carrying value of goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets to estimated fair value. The goodwill impairment charge is net of $17 million related to recorded goodwill resulting from our purchase of the controlling interest in Federal-Mogul. This net adjustment was recorded in conjunction with Federal-Moguls goodwill impairment as Federal-Moguls impairment also impacts our underlying values related to our inventory revaluation and recorded goodwill related to the acquisition. The estimated fair values were determined based upon consideration of various valuation methodologies, including guideline transaction multiples, multiples of current earnings, and projected
17
future cash flows discounted at rates commensurate with the risk involved. Although the annual assessment was conducted as of October 1, 2008, Federal-Mogul incorporated general economic and company specific factors subsequent to this date into its assessment, including updated discount rates, costs of capital, market capitalization of Federal-Mogul, and financial projections, all in order to give appropriate consideration to the unprecedented economic downturn in the automotive industry that continued throughout the fourth quarter of 2008.
The impairment charge is primarily attributable to significant decreases in forecasted future cash flows as Federal-Mogul adjusts to the known and anticipated changes in industry production volumes.
As of December 31, 2008, Federal-Mogul evaluated the recorded value of its investments in non-consolidated affiliates for potential impairment. Due to the economic downturn in the global automotive industry and the related declines in anticipated production volumes, Federal-Mogul concluded that its investments in non-consolidated affiliates were impaired, and an impairment charge of $63 million was recorded as of December 31, 2008.
Federal-Mogul recorded impairment charges of $19 million for the ten months ended December 31, 2008 to adjust definite-lived long-lived assets to their estimated fair values in accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, or SFAS No. 144. These impairment charges were primarily related to operating facilities for which Federal-Mogul will announce closures in 2009 as part of its ongoing Restructuring 2009 program. In assessing indications of impairment for its definite-lived assets, Federal-Mogul compares the estimated future cash flows of such assets against their carrying values. Federal-Mogul records impairment amounts by assessing carrying values associated with definite-lived assets such as property, plant and equipment in relation to their estimated net realizable values.
The unprecedented downturn in the global automotive industry and global financial markets led Federal-Mogul to announce, in September 2008 and December 2008, certain restructuring actions, herein referred to as Restructuring 2009, designed to improve operating performance and respond to increasingly challenging conditions in the global automotive market. This plan, when combined with other workforce adjustments, is expected to reduce Federal Moguls global workforce by approximately 8,600 positions. Federal-Mogul continues to solidify certain components of this plan, and will announce those components as plans are finalized. For the ten months ended December 31, 2008, Federal-Mogul has recorded $132 million in restructuring charges associated with Restructuring 2009 and other restructuring programs, and expects to incur additional restructuring charges up to $37 million through fiscal 2010. As the majority of the costs expected to be incurred in relation to Restructuring 2009 are related to severance, such activities are expected to yield future annual savings at least equal to the costs incurred.
Our Metals segment is conducted through our wholly owned subsidiary, PSC Metals. PSC Metals completed the acquisitions of substantially all of the assets of four scrap metal recyclers in fiscal 2007 and fiscal 2008. The aggregate purchase price for the acquisitions was $55 million, the most significant of which was $42 million relating to the September 2007 acquisition of substantially all of the assets of WIMCO Operating Company, Inc., a full-service scrap metal recycler in Ohio. The results of operations for yards acquired are reflected in the consolidated results of PSC Metals from the dates of acquisition.
18
Summarized statements of operations and performance data for PSC Metals for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 are as follows (in millions, except units of weight):
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
Net sales | $ | 1,239 | $ | 834 | $ | 710 | ||||||
Cost of goods sold | 1,102 | 778 | 652 | |||||||||
Gross profit | 137 | 56 | 58 | |||||||||
Selling, general and administrative | 34 | 18 | 15 | |||||||||
Income from continuing operations before interest, income taxes and other income, net | $ | 103 | $ | 38 | $ | 43 | ||||||
Ferrous tons sold (000s) | 1,858 | 1,707 | 1,560 | |||||||||
Non-ferrous pounds sold (000s) | 125,140 | 120,470 | 114,086 |
Net sales for fiscal 2008 increased by $405 million, or 48.6%, to a record $1.2 billion as compared to fiscal 2007. This increase was primarily driven by improvement in ferrous revenues during fiscal 2008. Ferrous average pricing was approximately $178 per gross ton higher and ferrous shipments were 151,000 gross tons, or 8.8%, higher in fiscal 2008 as compared to fiscal 2007. Ferrous pricing reached historically high levels during fiscal 2008, with shredded material prices quoted as high as $594 per gross ton in the July American Metals Market Scrap Composites Index. The increased prices were driven by strong worldwide demand for recycled metals. All product lines except non-ferrous contributed to the revenue increase in fiscal 2008. Scrap yards acquired during fiscal 2007 and early fiscal 2008 contributed $141 million to the revenue increase in fiscal 2008.
Although net sales for fiscal 2008 were greater than fiscal 2007, prices and demand deteriorated during the second half of fiscal 2008 as the distressed global economic conditions have affected the scrap industry. We cannot predict whether, or how long, current market conditions will continue to persist. However, in response to these conditions, PSC Metals has implemented various measures to align its cost structure to the current market environment. Some of these measures include significant staff reductions and salary freezes, temporary idling of major equipment and certain operations, and reduced capital spending.
Gross profit for fiscal 2008 increased by $81 million, or 144.6%, to $137 million as compared to fiscal 2007. As a percentage of net sales, cost of goods sold was 89.0% and 93.3% for fiscal 2008 and fiscal 2007, respectively. The increase in gross profit and lower cost of goods sold percentage are primarily due to increased selling prices during fiscal 2008 that exceeded the increased cost of scrap supply. Yards acquired during fiscal 2007 and early fiscal 2008 also contributed to the increase in gross profit in fiscal 2008.
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $16 million, or 88.9%, to $34 million as compared to fiscal 2007. The increase was primarily attributable to employee-related costs, which include headcount increases during the year supporting growth and acquired yards and higher incentive compensation expenses relating to our Metals segments strong operating performance, and increased professional fees.
Net sales for fiscal 2007 increased by $124 million, or 17.5%, to $834 million as compared to fiscal 2006. The increase was primarily due to the increase in ferrous sales generated by both an increase in the average selling price of ferrous scrap and increased volume of shipped ferrous production. For fiscal 2007, average pricing increased approximately $35 per gross ton while ferrous shipments increased by 147,000 gross tons as compared to fiscal 2006. The average selling price of non-ferrous scrap increased $.04 per pound, and non-ferrous shipments increased by 6.4 million pounds in fiscal 2007 compared to fiscal 2006. In fiscal 2007, our non-ferrous operations benefited from higher prices for copper. The increase in price was evident in data published by the London Market Exchange and COMEX. We believe the non-ferrous prices were higher than historical average prices due to strong increases in industrial production and demand from industrializing countries such as China during fiscal 2007.
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Gross profit for fiscal 2007 decreased by $2 million, or 3.4%, to $56 million as compared to fiscal 2006. As a percentage of net sales, cost of sales was 93.3% and 91.8% in fiscal 2007 and fiscal 2006, respectively. The increase is due to increased cost of secondary products caused by reduced supply of material from PSC Metals key suppliers.
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $3 million, or 20.0%, to $18 million in fiscal 2007 as compared to fiscal 2006. The increase is primarily due to additional headcount and employee-related costs.
Our Real Estate segment is comprised of rental real estate, property development and resort activities associated with property development. The three related operating lines of our real estate segment have been aggregated for purposes of reporting our operating results below. Certain properties are reclassified as discontinued operations when subject to a contract and are excluded from income from continuing operations.
The following table summarizes the key operating data for real estate activities for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 (in millions of dollars):
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
Revenues(1) | $ | 101 | $ | 106 | $ | 134 | ||||||
Expenses | 82 | 92 | 105 | |||||||||
Income from continuing operations before interest, income taxes and other income, net | $ | 19 | $ | 14 | $ | 29 |
(1) | Revenues include net sales from Development and Resort operations, and rental and financing lease income from Rental operations. |
Total revenues decreased by $5 million, or 4.7%, to $101 million as compared to fiscal 2007. The decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease in property development sales activity due to the general slowdown in residential and vacation home sales, and was partially offset by an increase in rental income, due to the acquisitions of two net leased properties acquired in August 2008. In fiscal 2008, we sold 39 residential units for $42 million at an average price of $1.1 million. In fiscal 2007, we sold 76 residential units for $61 million at an average price of $0.8 million.
Total expenses decreased by $10 million, or 10.9%, to $82 million in fiscal 2008 as compared to fiscal 2007. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in property development sales activity. In fiscal 2008, property development expenses included asset impairment charges of $4 million, primarily attributable to inventory units in our Grand Harbor and Oak Harbor, Florida subdivisions. These decreases were partially offset by increased depreciation expenses attributable to the acquisition of two net lease properties. In fiscal 2007, property development expenses included an asset impairment charge of $3 million related to certain condominium land in our Oak Harbor, Florida subdivision and a litigation loss reserve of $2 million.
Based on current residential sales conditions, coupled with the completion of our Westchester, New York properties and the depressed Florida real estate market, we anticipate that property development sales will likely continue to decline in fiscal 2009. We may incur additional asset impairment charges if sales price assumptions and unit absorptions are not achieved.
Total revenues decreased by $28 million, or 20.9%, to $106 million in fiscal 2007 as compared to fiscal 2006. The decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease in property development sales activity due to the general slowdown in residential and vacation home sales. In fiscal 2007, we sold 76 units for $61 million at an average price of $0.8 million. In fiscal 2006, we sold 128 units for $91 million at an average price of $0.7 million. In fiscal 2006, our New Seabury, MA property sales and margins were stronger principally due to closings from its grand opening in fiscal 2005.
Total expenses decreased by $13 million, or 12.4%, to $92 million in fiscal 2007 as compared to fiscal 2006. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in property development sales activity. Contributing to the
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overall decrease in fiscal 2007 was the reversal of a prior year hurricane loss provision of $1 million related to our rental properties. Included in total expenses for fiscal 2007 was a litigation loss reserve of $2 million, an impairment charge of $3 million related to our development properties and a $1 million impairment charge related to our rental properties. Impairment charges in our property development segment primarily related to decreased condominium land values in our Oak Harbor, FL subdivision caused by the current real estate slowdown. Impairment charges in our rental real estate were primarily due to a decrease in rental renewal rates at certain of our commercial properties.
WPI has been adversely affected by a variety of unfavorable conditions, including the following factors that have negatively impacted operating results:
| adverse competitive conditions for U.S. manufacturing facilities compared to manufacturing facilities located outside of the United States; |
| growth of low-priced competitive imports from Asia and Latin America resulting from lifting of import quotas; and |
| a difficult retail market for home textiles driven by both the current economy and the slowdown in residential home sales. |
Summarized statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 are as follows (in millions of dollars):
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
Net sales | $ | 425 | $ | 683 | $ | 891 | ||||||
Cost of goods sold | 394 | 681 | 858 | |||||||||
Gross margin | 31 | 2 | 33 | |||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative | 89 | 112 | 130 | |||||||||
Restructuring and impairment | 37 | 49 | 46 | |||||||||
Total expenses | 126 | 161 | 176 | |||||||||
Loss from continuing operations before interest, income taxes, and other income, net | $ | (95 | ) | $ | (159 | ) | $ | (143 | ) |
Net sales decreased by $258 million, or 37.8%, to $425 million for fiscal 2008 as compared to fiscal 2007. Gross margin for fiscal 2008 increased by $29 million to $31 million as compared to fiscal 2007. The decrease in net sales continued to reflect lower sales due to the weak home textile retail environment and the elimination of unprofitable programs, but has been mitigated by improvements in both gross margin and operating earnings as a result of shifting manufacturing capacity from the United States to lower-cost countries, lowering selling, general and administrative expenditures and reduced restructuring and impairment charges. We shifted manufacturing capacity from the United States to lower-cost countries and closed numerous U.S. plants during fiscal 2007 and early fiscal 2008. WPI will continue to realign its manufacturing operations to optimize its cost structure, pursuing offshore sourcing arrangements that employ a combination of owned and operated facilities, joint ventures and third-party supply contracts.
Selling, general and administrative expenses for fiscal 2008 decreased by $23 million, or 20.5%, to $89 million as compared to fiscal 2007, reflecting WPIs continuing efforts to reduce its selling, warehousing, shipping and general and administrative expenses. WPI continues to lower its selling, general and administrative expenditures by consolidating its locations, reducing headcount and applying more stringent oversight of expense areas where potential savings may be realized.
Restructuring and impairment charges decreased by $12 million, or 24.5%, to $37 million in fiscal 2008 as compared to fiscal 2007. The decrease in fiscal 2008 is due to lower impairment charges, partially offset by
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higher restructuring charges. Restructuring and impairment charges include severance costs, non-cash impairment charges related to plants that have closed, and continuing costs of closed plants and transition expenses. Additionally in fiscal 2008 and fiscal 2007, in accordance with SFAS No. 142, WPI reduced the fair value of the trademarks and recorded intangible asset impairment charges of $6 million and $5 million, respectively.
WPI continues its restructuring efforts and, accordingly, anticipates that restructuring charges (particularly with respect to the carrying costs of closed facilities until such time as these locations are sold) and operating losses will continue to be incurred throughout fiscal 2009. If WPIs restructuring efforts are unsuccessful or its existing strategic manufacturing plans are amended, it may be required to record additional impairment charges related to the carrying value of long-lived assets.
WPIs business is significantly influenced by the overall economic environment, including consumer spending, at the retail level, for home textile products. Certain U.S. retailers continue to report comparable store sales that were either negative or below their stated expectations. Many of these retailers are customers of WPI. Based on prevailing difficult economic conditions, it will likely be challenging for these same retailers during fiscal 2009. WPI believes that it provides adequate reserves against its accounts receivable to mitigate exposure to known or likely bad debt situations, as well as sufficient overall reserve for reasonably estimated situations, should this arise.
Fiscal 2007 represented a challenging combination of efforts to reduce revenue from less profitable programs, a weaker home textile retail environment, competition from other manufacturers, repositioning WPIs manufacturing operations offshore and realigning selling, general and administrative expenditures. Net sales were $683 million, a decrease of 23.3% as compared to fiscal 2006. The decrease, which affected all lines of business, was primarily attributable to our continuing efforts to reduce revenues from less profitable programs coupled with a continued weaker retail sales environment in the United States for home textile products.
Gross margins for fiscal 2007 were $2 million, or 0.3% of net sales, compared with $33 million, or 3.7% of net sales, during fiscal 2006. Gross margins were affected by competitive pricing and a weaker retail environment, and lower manufacturing plant utilizations at our U.S. plants, which were closed in fiscal 2007.
Selling, general and administrative expenses for fiscal 2007 decreased $18 million, or 13.8% to $112 million as compared to fiscal 2006, reflecting WPIs efforts to reduce its selling, warehousing, shipping and general and administrative expenses during fiscal 2007. WPI lowered its selling, general and administrative expenditures primarily by consolidating its locations and reducing headcount during fiscal 2007.
Restructuring and impairment charges increased by $3 million, or 6.5%, to $49 million as compared to fiscal 2006. The increase in fiscal 2007 is due to higher restructuring charges, partially offset by lower impairment charges. Additionally, in accordance with SFAS No. 142, WPI reduced the carrying value of the trademarks and recorded intangible asset impairment charges of $5 million in fiscal 2007. Restructuring and impairment charges include severance costs, non-cash impairment charges related to plants that have closed, and continuing costs of closed plants and transition expenses.
WPI closed all of its 30 retail stores based on a comprehensive evaluation of the stores long-term growth prospects and their on-going value to the business. On October 18, 2007, WPI entered into an agreement to sell the inventory at all of its retail stores. The net impact of these closings during fiscal 2007 was $14 million of related closure charges and impairments (including lease terminations), which has been included as part of discontinued operations.
The Holding Company engages in various investment activities. The activities include those associated with investing its available liquidity, investing to earn returns from increases or decreases in the market price of securities, and investing with the prospect of acquiring operating businesses that we would control. Holding Company expenses, excluding interest expense, are principally related to payroll, legal and other professional fees.
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Summarized operating revenues and expenses for the Holding Company for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 are as follows (in millions of dollars):
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
Net gain from investment activities | $ | 102 | $ | 84 | $ | 91 | ||||||
Interest and dividend income | 51 | 129 | 43 | |||||||||
Gain on debt extinguishment | 146 | | | |||||||||
Other income, net | | 37 | 18 | |||||||||
Holding Company revenues | 299 | 250 | 152 | |||||||||
Holding Company expenses | 34 | 37 | 26 | |||||||||
Income from continuing operations before interest expense and income taxes | $ | 265 | $ | 213 | $ | 126 |
Net gain from investment activities increased by $18 million, or 21.4%, to $102 million in fiscal 2008 as compared to fiscal 2007. The increase was primarily due to higher realized gains recorded on the investment portfolio in fiscal 2008.
Interest and dividend income decreased by $78 million, or 60.5%, to $51 million for fiscal 2008 as compared to fiscal 2007. This decrease was primarily due to lower yields on lower cash balances in fiscal 2008 as compared to fiscal 2007.
During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008, we purchased outstanding debt of entities included in our consolidated financial statements in the principal amount of $352 million and recognized an aggregate gain of $146 million.
Expenses, excluding interest expense, decreased by $3 million, or 8.1%, to $34 million in fiscal 2008 as compared to fiscal 2007. The decrease is primarily due to lower professional and legal fees.
Net gain from investment activities decreased by $7 million, or 7.7%, to $84 million in fiscal 2007 as compared to fiscal 2006. The decrease was primarily due to lower realized gains recorded on the investment portfolio in fiscal 2007.
Interest and dividend income increased by $86 million, or 200.0%, to $129 million in fiscal 2007 as compared to fiscal 2006. This increase was primarily due to the increase in the Holding Companys cash position relating to the sale of our Oil and Gas operations and Atlantic City gaming operations in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2006 and the proceeds from the issuance of additional 7.125% senior notes in January 2007 and variable rate notes in April 2007.
Expenses, excluding interest expense, increased by $11 million, or 42.3%, to $37 million for fiscal 2007 as compared to fiscal 2006. The increase is primarily attributable to professional fees and legal expenses related to the acquisition of the Investment Management business on August 8, 2007.
Interest expense increased by $176 million, or 130.4%, to $311 million in fiscal 2008 as compared to fiscal 2007. The increase is primarily due to $166 million in interest expense incurred by our Automotive segment related to their Exit Facilities. Our Automotive segment results are included in our results for the period March 1, 2008 through December 31, 2008.
Loss attributable to non-controlling interests for fiscal 2008 was $132 million as compared to loss attributable to non-controlling interests of $53 million for fiscal 2007, as a result of the impact of the non-controlling interests share of losses of Federal-Mogul and WPI.
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Interest expense increased by $48 million, or 55.2%, to $135 million in fiscal 2007 as compared to fiscal 2006. This increase is a result of interest incurred on the $500 million of additional 7.125% senior notes issued in January 2007 and the $600 million of variable rate notes issued in April 2007.
Loss attributable to non-controlling interests for fiscal 2007 decreased $13 million, or 19.7%, to $53 million as compared to fiscal 2006, primarily as a result of the impact of the non-controlling interests share of the losses incurred by WPI.
For fiscal 2008, we recorded an income tax provision of $47 million on pre-tax loss of $3.1 billion. For fiscal 2007, we recorded an income tax provision of $9 million on pre-tax income of $489 million. For fiscal 2006, we recorded an income tax benefit of $1 million on pre-tax income of $1.0 billion. Our effective income tax rate was (1.5)%, 1.8% and (0.1)% for the respective periods. The difference between the effective tax rate and statutory federal rate of 35% is principally due to changes in the valuation allowance and partnership income not subject to taxation, as such taxes are the responsibility of the partners.
On November 17, 2006, within our former Gaming segment, our indirect majority owned subsidiary, Atlantic Coast Entertainment Holdings, Inc., or Atlantic Coast, completed the sale to Pinnacle Entertainment, Inc., or Pinnacle, of the outstanding membership interests in ACE Gaming LLC, or ACE, the owner of The Sands Hotel and Casino in Atlantic City, N.J., and 100% of the equity interests in certain subsidiaries of Icahn Enterprises Holdings which owned parcels of real estate adjacent to The Sands, including the Traymore site. The aggregate purchase price was $275 million, of which approximately $201 million was paid to Atlantic Coast and $74 million was paid to affiliates of Icahn Enterprises Holdings for subsidiaries which owned the Traymore site and the adjacent properties.
On February 20, 2008, we consummated the sale of our subsidiary, ACEP, to an affiliate of Whitehall Street Real Estate Fund for $1.2 billion, realizing a gain of $472 million, after taxes. The sale of ACEP included the Stratosphere and three other Nevada gaming properties, which represented all of our remaining gaming operations.
In connection with the closing, we repaid all of ACEPs outstanding 7.85% senior secured notes due 2012, which were tendered pursuant to ACEPs previously announced tender offer and consent solicitation. In addition, ACEP repaid in full all amounts outstanding, and terminated all commitments, under its credit facility with Bear Stearns Corporate Lending Inc., as administrative agent, and the other lenders thereunder.
We elected to deposit $1.2 billion of the gross proceeds from the sale into escrow accounts to fund investment activities through tax-deferred exchanges under Section 1031 of the Code. During the third quarter of fiscal 2008, we invested $465 million of the gross proceeds to purchase two net leased properties, resulting in a deferral of $103 million in taxes. The balance of escrow accounts was subsequently released.
Operating properties are reclassified to held for sale when subject to a contract. The operations of such properties are classified as discontinued operations. Upon entry into a contract to sell a property, the operating results and cash flows associated with the property are reclassified to discontinued operations and historical financial statements are reclassified to conform to the current classification.
WPI closed all of its retail stores based on a comprehensive evaluation of the stores long-term growth prospects and their on-going value to the business. On October 18, 2007, WPI entered into an agreement to sell the inventory at all of its retail stores and subsequently ceased operations of its retail stores. Accordingly, it has reported the retail outlet stores business as discontinued operations for all periods presented. As of December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the accrued lease termination liability balance was $3 million and $7 million, respectively, which is included in liabilities of discontinued operations in our consolidated balance sheets.
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The financial position and results of these operations are presented as other assets in the consolidated balance sheets and discontinued operations in the consolidated statements of operations, respectively, for all periods presented in accordance with SFAS No. 144. For further discussion, see Note 5, Discontinued Operations and Assets Held for Sale, to the consolidated financial statements.
Summarized financial information for discontinued operations for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 as follows (in millions of dollars):
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||
Oil and Gas | $ | | $ | | $ | 354 | ||||||
Gaming(1) | 60 | 444 | 524 | |||||||||
Real Estate | 1 | 3 | 5 | |||||||||
Home Fashion retail stores | | 47 | 67 | |||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 61 | $ | 494 | $ | 950 | ||||||
Income (loss) from discontinued operations: |
||||||||||||
Oil and Gas | $ | | $ | | $ | 183 | ||||||
Gaming | 13 | 100 | 45 | |||||||||
Real Estate | 1 | 2 | 3 | |||||||||
Home Fashion retail stores | | (20 | ) | (7 | ) | |||||||
Total income from discontinued operations before income taxes, interest and other income | 14 | 82 | 224 | |||||||||
Interest expense | (3 | ) | (21 | ) | (46 | ) | ||||||
Interest and other income | | 21 | 13 | |||||||||
Income from discontinued operations before income tax expense |
11 | 82 | 191 | |||||||||
Income tax expense | (4 | ) | (19 | ) | (17 | ) | ||||||
7 | 63 | 174 | ||||||||||
Gain on dispositions, net of income tax expense | 478 | 21 | 676 | |||||||||
Income from discontinued operations | 485 | 84 | 850 | |||||||||
Income (loss) from discontinued operations attributable to non-controlling interests | | 5 | (53 | ) | ||||||||
Income from discontinued operations attributable to Icahn Enterprises | $ | 485 | $ | 89 | $ | 797 |
(1) | Gaming segment results for fiscal 2008 are through February 20, 2008, the date of the ACEP sale. |
Interest and other income for fiscal 2007 includes $8 million relating to a real estate tax refund received by Atlantic Coast and $10 million representing the net gain on settlement of litigation relating to GB Holdings Inc.
The gain on dispositions for fiscal 2008 includes $472 million, net of income taxes of $260 million, recorded on the sale of ACEP. Of the $260 million in taxes recorded on the sale of ACEP, $103 million was deferred in a Code 1031 Exchange transaction during the third quarter of fiscal 2008. The gain on sales of discontinued operations for fiscal 2007 includes $12 million of gain on sales of real estate assets and $9 million relating to a working capital adjustment to the gain recorded on the sale of the Oil and Gas business in November 2006. The gain on sales of discontinued operations in fiscal 2006 includes $599 million of gain on sale of our Oil and Gas business, $13 million of gain on sales of real estate assets and $62 million on the gain on the sale of our Atlantic City gaming operations.
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As of December 31, 2008, we had cash and cash equivalents of $1.4 billion, investments of $16 million and total debt of $1.9 billion. We have made investments aggregating $950 million in the Private Funds for which no special profits interest allocations (and prior to January 1, 2008, management fees) or incentive allocations are applicable. As of December 31, 2008, the total value of this investment is $660 million, with an unrealized loss of $274 million for fiscal 2008. As of January 1, 2009, we made an additional $250 million investment in the Private Funds. These amounts are reflected in the Private Funds net assets and earnings. In addition, we also have the ability to draw down on our credit facility. In August 2006, we entered into a credit agreement with a consortium of banks pursuant to which we will be permitted to borrow up to $150 million. As of December 31, 2008, there were no borrowings under the facility. See Note 13, Debt to the consolidated financial statements for additional information concerning credit facilities for our subsidiaries.
We are a holding company. Our cash flow and our ability to meet our debt service obligations and make distributions with respect to depositary units and preferred units likely will depend on the cash flow resulting from divestitures, equity and debt financings, interest income and the payment of funds to us by our subsidiaries in the form of loans, dividends and distributions. We may pursue various means to raise cash from our subsidiaries. To date, such means include payment of dividends from subsidiaries, obtaining loans or other financings based on the asset values of subsidiaries or selling debt or equity securities of subsidiaries through capital market transactions. To the degree any distributions and transfers are impaired or prohibited, our ability to make payments on our debt or distributions on our depositary units and preferred units could be limited. The operating results of our subsidiaries may not be sufficient for them to make distributions to us. In addition, our subsidiaries are not obligated to make funds available to us, and distributions and intercompany transfers from our subsidiaries to us may be restricted by applicable law or covenants contained in debt agreements and other agreements.
Net cash provided by operating activities in fiscal 2008 was $841 million as compared to net cash used in operating activities of approximately $2.9 billion in fiscal 2007. Of the $841 million in net cash provided by operating activities in fiscal 2008, $299 million was provided by continuing operations from our Investment Management segment and $549 million was provided by continuing operations from our Automotive, Holding Company and other operations.
Within our Investment Management segment, net cash provided by operating activities during fiscal 2008 of $299 million is primarily due to proceeds from securities transactions of approximately $10.3 billion offset in part by purchases relating to securities transactions of $9.8 billion. Additionally, investment losses were offset by loss attributable to non-controlling interests and changes in operating assets and liabilities. This compares to $3.0 billion used in operating activities in fiscal 2007 which was primarily the result of purchases relating to securities transactions of $11.2 billion offset in part by proceeds from securities transactions of $7.9 billion.
Within our Automotive, Holding Company and other operations, net income before non-cash charges was $277 million. Non-cash charges included $450 million in asset impairment charges for fiscal 2008. Net cash provided by continuing operations from our Holding Company and other operations for fiscal 2007 was $27 million. We acquired our Automotive segment in fiscal 2008, and accordingly, our cash flows in fiscal 2007 did not include our Automotive segments results.
Net cash provided by investing activities in fiscal 2008 was $823 million as compared to $91 million for fiscal 2007. Within continuing operations, our net cash used in investing activities was $246 million, resulting primarily from capital expenditures of $794 million offset in part by proceeds from the sale of marketable securities of $565 million. Net cash provided by investing activities from discontinued operations in fiscal 2008 was approximately $1.1 billion, primarily due to net proceeds from the sale of our gaming segment.
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Net cash used in financing activities in fiscal 2008 was approximately $1.2 billion as compared to net cash provided by financing activities of approximately $3.1 billion in fiscal 2007. Net cash used in financing activities from our Investment Management segment in fiscal 2008 was $585 million due to capital distributions of $1.3 billion offset primarily by capital contributions of $685 million. Net cash used in financing activities from continuing operations from our Automotive, Holding Company and other operations was $337 million in fiscal 2008, resulting primarily from payments of borrowings of $302 million. Additionally, in fiscal 2008, we invested an additional $250 in the Private Funds, the effect of which has been eliminated in consolidation. Within financing activities from discontinued operations is $255 million paid for debt relating to our former gaming segment.
In fiscal 2007, net cash provided by financing activities within our Investment Management segment was approximately $2.4 billion primarily from capital contributions by non-controlling interests. Net cash provided by financing activities from continuing operations from our Holding Company and other operations was $753 million primarily from proceeds from the issuance of notes payables and other borrowings totaling approximately $1.2 billion, offset in part by the $335 million payment in connection with our acquisition of PSC Metals.
Long-term debt consists of the following (in millions of dollars):
December 31, 2008 |
December 31, 2007 |
|||||||
Senior unsecured variable rate convertible notes due 2013 Icahn Enterprises | $ | 556 | $ | 600 | ||||
Senior unsecured 7.125% notes due 2013 Icahn Enterprises | 961 | 973 | ||||||
Senior unsecured 8.125% notes due 2012 Icahn Enterprises | 352 | 352 | ||||||
Senior secured 7.85% notes due 2012 ACEP | | 215 | ||||||
Exit facilities Federal Mogul | 2,474 | | ||||||
Borrowings under credit facility ACEP | | 40 | ||||||
Mortgages payable | 123 | 104 | ||||||
Other | 105 | 15 | ||||||
Total debt | 4,571 | 2,299 | ||||||
Less debt related to assets held for sale | | (258 | ) | |||||
$ | 4,571 | $ | 2,041 |
See Note 13, Debt, to the consolidated financial statements for additional information concerning terms, restrictions and covenants of our debt. As of December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, we are in compliance with all debt covenants.
On February 20, 2008, American Entertainment Properties Corp, or AEP, our wholly owned indirect subsidiary, sold all of the issued and outstanding membership interests of ACEP. The sale of ACEP included the Stratosphere and three other Nevada gaming operations, which comprised our remaining gaming operations. As a result, we no longer have the senior secured 7.85% notes ACEP or Borrowings under credit facilities ACEP as summarized in the above table.
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The following table reflects, at December 31, 2008, our contractual cash obligations, subject to certain conditions, due over the indicated periods and when they come due (in millions of dollars):
2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | Thereafter | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Debt obligations | $ | 102 | $ | 37 | $ | 62 | $ | 940 | $ | 1,015 | $ | 2,562 | $ | 4,718 | ||||||||||||||
Interest payments | 256 | 255 | 251 | 221 | 142 | 188 | 1,313 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Letters of credit | 57 | | | | | | 57 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Payments for settlement of liabilities subject to compromise | 70 | 23 | | | | | 93 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Pension and other postemployment benefit plans | 69 | 164 | 145 | 150 | 147 | * | 675 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Lease obligations | 53 | 44 | 34 | 27 | 25 | 49 | 232 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 607 | $ | 523 | $ | 492 | $ | 1,338 | $ | 1,329 | $ | 2,799 | $ | 7,088 |
* | funding requirements beyond 2013 are not available. |
Certain of PSC Metals and Federal-Moguls facilities are environmentally impaired. PSC Metals and Federal-Mogul have estimated their liability to remediate these sites to be $24 million and $26 million, respectively, at December 31, 2008. Additionally, Federal-Mogul has identified sites with contractual obligations and sites that are closed or expected to be closed and sold in connection with its restructuring activities and has accrued $27 million as of December 31, 2008, primarily related to removing hazardous materials in buildings. For further discussion regarding these commitments, see Item 3, Legal Proceedings.
As discussed in Note 7, Investments and Related Matters, to the consolidated financial statements, we have contractual liabilities of $2.3 billion related to securities sold, not yet purchased as of December 31, 2008. This amount has not been included in the table above as their maturity is not subject to a contract and cannot properly be estimated.
We have off-balance sheet risk related to investment activities associated with certain financial instruments, including futures, options, credit default swaps and securities sold, not yet purchased. For additional information regarding these arrangements, please see Note 9, Financial Instruments, to the consolidated financial statements.
Historically, the working capital needs of the Investment Management segment have been primarily met through cash generated from management fees. The Investment Management segments AUM and the performance of the Private Funds directly impact its liquidity. Prior to January 1, 2008, as management fees were earned and received by New Icahn Management generally at the beginning of each quarter, growth in AUM directly impacted our cash flows. As discussed above, effective January 1, 2008, the management fees were terminated and the General Partners are eligible to receive special profits interest allocations which, to the extent that they are earned, will generally be paid annually. In the event that amounts earned from special profits interest allocations are not sufficient to cover the operating expenses of the Investment Management segment in any given year, the Holding Company has and intends to continue to provide funding as needed. The General Partners may also receive incentive allocations which are generally calculated and allocated to the General Partners annually. To the extent that incentive allocations are earned as a result of redemption events during interim periods, they are made to the General Partners in such periods. Additionally, certain incentive allocations earned by the General Partners have historically remained invested in the Private Funds which may also serve as an additional source of cash.
As of January 1, 2009, we invested an additional $250 million in the Private Funds.
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The investment strategy utilized by the Investment Management segment is generally not heavily reliant on leverage. As of December 31, 2008, the ratio of the notional exposure of the Private Funds invested capital to net asset value of the Private Funds was approximately 1.36 to 1.00 on the long side and 0.67 to 1.00 on the short side. The notional principal amount of an investment instrument is the reference amount that is used to calculate profit or loss on that instrument. The Private Funds historically have had, which we expect to continue to have, access to significant amounts of cash from prime brokers, subject to customary terms and market conditions.
Investment related cash flows in the consolidated Private Funds are classified within operating activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows. Therefore, there are no cash flows attributable to investing activities presented in the consolidated statements of cash flows.
Cash inflows from and distribution to investors in the Private Funds are classified within financing activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows. These amounts are reported as contributions from and distributions to non-controlling interests in consolidated affiliated partnerships. Net cash used in financing activities was $320 million for fiscal 2008 compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $2.3 billion for fiscal 2007. The change in fiscal 2008 compared to fiscal 2007 is due to decreased net capital contributions from investors in the Private Funds of $1.5 billion as well as an increase in capital distributions to investors in the Private Funds of $1.1 billion.
We include the operating results and cash flows of Federal-Mogul in our consolidated financial statements effective February 29, 2008.
Cash flow provided from operating activities was $483 million for the period March 1, 2008 through December 31, 2008. Cash flow used in investing activities was $258 million for the period March 1, 2008 through December 31, 2008. Capital expenditures of $276 million were partially offset by proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment of $13 million. Cash flow used in financing activities was $86 million for the period March 1, 2008 through December 31, 2008 primarily resulting from payments on Federal Moguls debt of $76 million. Federal-Mogul repurchased approximately 1.1 million shares of its common stock for $17 million in a single transaction with an unrelated party on September 11, 2008.
Federal-Mogul maintains investments in 14 non-consolidated affiliates, which are located in Italy, Germany, the United Kingdom, Turkey, China, Korea, India, Japan, and the United States. Federal-Moguls direct ownership in such affiliates ranges from approximately 1% to 50%. The aggregate investment in these affiliates approximates $221 million as of December 31, 2008. Upon the adoption of fresh-start reporting, Federal-Moguls investments in non-consolidated affiliates were adjusted to estimated fair value.
Federal-Moguls joint ventures are businesses established and maintained in connection with its operating strategy and are not special purpose entities. In general, Federal-Mogul does not extend guarantees, loans or other instruments of a variable nature that may result in incremental risk to Federal-Moguls liquidity position. Furthermore, Federal-Mogul does not rely on dividend payments or other cash flows from its non-consolidated affiliates to fund its operations and, accordingly, does not believe that they have a material effect on Federal-Moguls liquidity.
Federal-Mogul holds a 50% non-controlling interest in a joint venture located in Turkey. This joint venture was established in 1995 for the purpose of manufacturing and marketing automotive parts, including pistons, piston rings, piston pins, and cylinder liners, to original equipment and aftermarket customers. Pursuant to the joint venture agreement, Federal-Moguls partner holds an option to put its shares to a subsidiary of Federal-Mogul at the higher of the current fair value or at a guaranteed minimum amount. The term of the contingent guarantee is indefinite, consistent with the terms of the joint venture agreement. However, the contingent guarantee would not survive termination of the joint venture agreement.
The guaranteed minimum amount represents a contingent guarantee of the initial investment of the joint venture partner and can be exercised at the discretion of the partner. As of December 31, 2008, the total
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amount of the contingent guarantee, were all triggering events to occur, approximated $59 million. Management believes that this contingent guarantee is substantially less than the estimated current fair value of the guarantees interest in the affiliate. As such, the contingent guarantee does not give rise to a contingent liability and, as a result, no amount is recorded for this guarantee. If this put option were exercised, the consideration paid and net assets acquired would be accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 141(R), Business Combinations.
If this put option were exercised at its estimated current fair value, such exercise could have a material effect on Federal-Moguls liquidity. Any value in excess of the guaranteed minimum amount of the put option would be the subject of negotiation between Federal-Mogul and its joint venture partner.
In accordance with SFAS No. 150, Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both Liabilities and Equity, Federal-Mogul has determined that its investments in Chinese joint venture arrangements are considered to be limited-lived as such entities have specified durations ranging from 30 to 50 years pursuant to regional statutory regulations. In general, these arrangements call for extension, renewal or liquidation at the discretion of the parties to the arrangement at the end of the contractual agreement. Accordingly, a reasonable assessment cannot be made as to the impact of such contingencies on the future liquidity position of Federal-Mogul.
In connection with the consummation of the Plan, on the Effective Date, Federal-Mogul entered into a Term Loan and Revolving Credit Agreement (the Exit Facilities). The Exit Facilities includes a $540 million revolving credit facility (which is subject to a borrowing base and can be increased under certain circumstances and subject to certain conditions) and a $2,960 million term loan credit facility divided into a $1,960 million tranche B loan and a $1,000 million tranche C loan. Federal-Mogul borrowed $878 million under the term loan facility on the Effective Date and the remaining $2,082 million of term loans were drawn on January 3, 2008 for the purpose of refinancing obligations under the Tranche A Term Loan Agreement (the Tranche A Facility Agreement) and the Indenture.
The obligations under the revolving credit facility mature December 27, 2013 and bear interest for the first six months at LIBOR plus 1.75% or at the alternate base rate (ABR, defined as the greater of Citibank, N.A.s announced prime rate or 0.50% over the Federal Funds Rate) plus 0.75%, and thereafter adjusted in accordance with a pricing grid based on availability under the revolving credit facility. Interest rates on the pricing grid range from LIBOR plus 1.50% to LIBOR plus 2.00% and ABR plus 0.50% to ABR plus 1.00%. The tranche B term loans mature December 27, 2014 and the tranche C term loans mature December 27, 2015; provided, however, that in each case, such maturity may be shortened to December 27, 2013 under certain circumstances. In addition, the tranche C term loans are subject to a pre-payment premium, should Federal-Mogul choose to prepay the loans prior to December 27, 2011. All Exit Facilities term loans bear interest at LIBOR plus 1.9375% or at the ABR plus 0.9375% at Federal-Moguls election. To the extent that interest rates change by 25 basis points, Federal-Moguls annual interest expense would show a corresponding change of approximately $5 million.
Federal-Mogul's ability to obtain cash adequate to fund its needs depends generally on the results of its operations, restructuring initiatives, and the availability of financing. Federal-Moguls management believes that cash on hand, cash flow from operations, and available borrowings under its Exit Facilities will be sufficient to fund capital expenditures and meet its operating obligations through the end of fiscal 2009. In the longer term, Federal-Mogul believes that its base operating potential, supplemented by the benefits from its announced restructuring programs, will provide adequate long-term cash flows. However, there can be no assurance that such initiatives are achievable in this regard.
The Exit Facilities contain some affirmative and negative covenants and events of default, including, subject to certain exceptions, restrictions on incurring additional indebtedness, mandatory prepayment provisions associated with specified asset sales and dispositions, and limitations on: i) investments; ii) certain acquisitions, mergers or consolidations; iii) sale and leaseback transactions; iv) certain transactions with affiliates; and v) dividends and other payments in respect of capital stock. At December 31, 2008, Federal-Mogul
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was in compliance with all debt covenants under its Exit Facilities, Tranche A Facility Agreement, and outstanding paid-in-kind notes. Based on current forecasts, Federal-Mogul expects to be in compliance with the covenants under the Exit Facilities through December 31, 2009.
Federal-Moguls subsidiaries in Brazil, France, Germany, Italy and Spain are parties to accounts receivable factoring arrangements. Gross accounts receivable factored under these facilities were $222 million as of December 31, 2008. Of those gross amounts, $209 million was factored without recourse and treated as a sale under FASB 140, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities. Under terms of these factoring arrangements, Federal-Mogul is not obligated to draw cash immediately upon the factoring of accounts receivable. Thus, as of December 31, 2008, Federal-Mogul has outstanding factored amounts of $8 million, for which cash has not yet been drawn.
The primary source of cash from our Metals segment is from the operation of its properties. Historically, our Metals segments liquidity requirements primarily pertained to the funding of acquisitions, capital expenditures and payment of dividends. Prior to our acquisition of PSC Metals on November 5, 2007, PSC Metals funded acquisitions principally from net cash provided by operating activities, from borrowings and from capital contributions from Philip Services Corporation.
As of December 31, 2008, our Metals segment had cash and cash equivalents of $52 million. During fiscal 2008, net cash generated from operating activities was $115 million, resulting primarily from earnings before non-cash charges of $87 million and $28 million from changes in working capital. This compares to net cash generated from operating activities of $19 million for fiscal 2007 primarily due to earnings before non-cash charges of $37 million, offset in part by changes in operating assets and liabilities resulting primarily from higher accounts receivable.
Net cash used in investing activities for fiscal 2008 was $39 million, primarily attributable to capital expenditures and acquisitions totaling $44 million, offset by $6 million in proceeds from the sale of assets. In fiscal 2007, net cash used in investing activities was $75 million primarily from capital expenditures of $27 million and $48 million in cash used for acquisitions, of which $42 million was related to the acquisition of WIMCO Operating Company, Inc. Due to the current economic environment, PSC Metals expects to manage its capital expenditures at maintenance level during the next twelve months.
Net cash used in financing activities during fiscal 2008 was $40 million consisting of $30 million in dividends to its shareholder and $10 million of net repayments of intercompany borrowings from Icahn Enterprises. In fiscal 2007, PSC Metals generated cash from financing activities of $50 million of which $10 million represented an intercompany loan from Icahn Enterprises. Additionally, in fiscal 2007, prior to our acquisition of PSC Metals on November 5, 2007, PSC Metals borrowed $63 million under a credit facility with UBS Securities LLC, of which they repaid $28 million during the year. The remaining balance of $35 million was repaid by Philip, PSC Metals former parent company, during fiscal 2007, which represented a capital contribution from Philip.
Our Metals segment believes that its current cash levels and cash flow from operating activities are adequate to fund its ongoing operations and capital plan for the next twelve months.
Our Real Estate segment generates cash through rentals, leases and asset sales (principally sales of rental and residential properties) and the operation of resorts. All of these operations generate cash flows from operations.
At December 31, 2008, the Real Estate segment had cash and cash equivalents of $167 million. During fiscal 2008, cash provided by operating activities was $43 million, primarily consisting of earnings before non-cash charges of $32 million and a decrease in property development inventory of $9 million. This compares to cash provided from operating activities of $48 million in fiscal 2007.
Cash used in investing activities for fiscal 2008 was $455 million and was primarily from capital expenditures to acquire two net leased properties. Included in investing activities during fiscal 2008, three rental
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properties were sold resulting in gross proceeds of $12 million. This compares with cash provided by investing activities of $15 million in fiscal 2007 primarily due to the sale of five rental properties.
Cash provided by financing activities was $407 million for fiscal 2008 primarily from a $465 million contribution from Icahn Enterprises to acquire two net leased properties pursuant to a Code Section 1031 exchange utilizing a portion of the gross proceeds from the sale of our Gaming segment, offset by $77 million of intercompany payments to Icahn Enterprises. Additionally, there were proceeds from a mortgage refinancing of $44 million which were offset in part by mortgage payments of $25 million. Cash used in financing activities was $5 million in fiscal 2007.
We expect operating cash flows to be positive from our Real Estate operations in fiscal 2009. In fiscal 2009, property development construction expenditures needed to complete specified units currently under construction are expected to be approximately $3 million, which we will fund from unit sales and, if proceeds are insufficient, from available cash reserves.
At December 31, 2008, our Home Fashion segment had $131 million of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents. There were no borrowings under the WestPoint Home revolving credit agreement as of December 31, 2008, but there were outstanding letters of credit of $12 million. Based upon the eligibility and reserve calculations within the agreement, WestPoint Home had unused borrowing availability of $45 million at December 31, 2008.
During fiscal 2008, our Home Fashion segment had net cash used in operating activities of $11 million of which $4 million was from continuing operations compared to cash used in operating activities of $62 million for fiscal 2007. Such negative cash flow reduction in fiscal 2008 compared to fiscal 2007 was principally due to decreased losses and reductions in working capital. WPI anticipates that its operating losses and restructuring charges will continue to be incurred in fiscal 2009.
Cash provided by investment activities in fiscal 2008 was $16 million resulting from the proceeds from the sale of fixed assets of $28 million offset by capital expenditures of $12 million. This compares to cash provided by investing activities from continuing operations of $10 million for fiscal 2007, primarily from the sale of fixed assets of $38 million partially offset by capital expenditures of $30 million. Capital expenditures for fiscal 2009 are expected to total $5 million.
During fiscal 2008, our Home Fashion segment had net cash used in financing activities of $10 million for the repayment of their debt in full. In fiscal 2007, there was no financing activity.
Through a combination of its existing cash on hand and its borrowing availability under the WestPoint Home senior secured revolving credit facility (together, an aggregate of $176 million), WPI believes that it has adequate capital resources and liquidity to meet its anticipated requirements to continue its operational restructuring initiatives and for working capital and capital spending through the next 12 months. In its analysis with respect to the sufficiency of adequate capital resources and liquidity, WPI has considered that its retail customers may continue to face either negative or flat comparable store sales for home textile products in fiscal 2009. However, depending upon the levels of additional acquisitions and joint venture investment activity, if any, additional financing, if needed, may not be available to WPI or, if available, the financing may not be on terms favorable to WPI. WPIs estimates of its anticipated liquidity needs may not be accurate and new business opportunities or other unforeseen events could occur, resulting in the need to raise additional funds from outside sources.
On October 18, 2007, WPI entered into an agreement to sell the inventory at all of its 30 retail outlet stores. The decision to close all of the stores was based on a comprehensive evaluation of long-term growth prospects and strategic value to the WPI business.
During fiscal 2008, we paid distributions of $0.25 per LP unit ($1.00 per LP unit in the aggregate), aggregating $71 million, to depositary unitholders.
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On February 23, 2009, the board of directors approved a payment of a quarterly cash distribution of $0.25 per unit on our depositary units payable in the first quarter of fiscal 2009. The distribution will be paid on March 30, 2009, to depositary unitholders of record at the close of business on March 16, 2009. Under the terms of the indenture dated April 5, 2007 governing our variable rate notes due 2013, we will also be making a $0.15 distribution to holders of these notes in accordance with the formula set forth in the indenture.
On March 28, 2008, we distributed 595,181 preferred units to holders of record of our preferred units at the close of business on March 14, 2008. Pursuant to the terms of the preferred units, on February 23, 2009, we declared our scheduled annual preferred unit distribution payable in additional preferred units at the rate of 5% of the liquidation preference of $10.00.
Our preferred units are subject to redemption at our option on any payment date, and the preferred units must be redeemed by us on or before March 31, 2010. The redemption price is payable, at our option, subject to the indenture, either all in cash or by the issuance of depositary units, in either case, in an amount equal to the liquidation preference of the preferred units plus any accrued but unpaid distributions thereon.
Our significant accounting policies are described in Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to the consolidated financial statements for fiscal 2008. Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Among others, estimates are used when accounting for valuation of investments and estimated costs to complete land, house and condominium developments. Estimates and assumptions are evaluated on an ongoing basis and are based on historical and other factors believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. The results of these estimates may form the basis of the carrying value of certain assets and liabilities and may not be readily apparent from other sources. Actual results, under conditions and circumstances different from those assumed, may differ from estimates.
We believe the following accounting policies are critical to our business operations and the understanding of results of operations and affect the more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of (i) Icahn Enterprises and (ii) the wholly and majority owned subsidiaries of Icahn Enterprises in which control can be exercised, in addition to those entities in which Icahn Enterprises has a substantive controlling general partner interest or in which it is the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity. We are considered to have control if we have a direct or indirect ability to make decisions about an entitys activities through voting or similar rights. We use the guidance set forth in Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue No. 04-05, Determining Whether a General Partner, or the General Partners as a Group, Controls a Limited Partnership or Similar Entity When the Limited Partners Have Certain Rights (EITF No. 04-05), FASB Interpretation No. 46R, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an Interpretation of ARB No. 51 (FIN 46R), and SFAS No. 94, Consolidation of All Majority-Owned Subsidiaries - An Amendment of ARB No. 51, with Related Amendments of APB Opinion No. 18, and ARB No. 43 Chapter 12 (SFAS No. 94), with respect to our investments in partnerships and limited liability companies. All intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated.
Our consolidated financial statements also include the consolidated financial statements of Icahn Capital and the General Partners (and for the periods prior to January 1, 2008, New Icahn Management and Icahn Management) and certain consolidated Private Funds during the periods presented. The Investment Management segment consolidate those entities in which (i) they have an investment of more than 50% and have control over significant operating, financial and investing decisions of the entity pursuant to SFAS No. 94, (ii) they have a substantive, controlling general partner interest pursuant to EITF No. 04-05 or (iii) they are
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the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity pursuant to FIN 46R. With respect to the consolidated Private Funds, the limited partners and shareholders have no substantive rights to impact ongoing governance and operating activities.
The analysis as to whether to consolidate an entity is subject to a significant amount of judgment. Some of the criteria considered include the determination as to the degree of control over an entity by its various equity holders, the design of the entity, how closely related the entity is to each of its equity holders, the relation of the equity holders to each other and a determination of the primary beneficiary in entities in which we have a variable interest. These analyses involve estimates, probability weighting of subjectively determined cash flows scenarios and other estimates based on the assumptions of management.
The General Partners generate income from amounts earned pursuant to contractual arrangements with the Private Funds.
Prior to January 1, 2008, such amounts typically included an annual management fee of 2.5% of the net asset value before a performance-based incentive allocation of 25% of capital appreciation (both realized and unrealized) earned by the Private Funds subject to a high water mark (whereby the General Partners did not earn incentive allocations during a particular year even though the fund had a positive return in such year until losses in prior periods are recovered). Such amounts have been (and may in the future be) modified or waived in certain circumstances. The General Partners (and New Icahn Management prior to January 1, 2008) and their affiliates may also earn income through their investments in the Private Funds. Effective January 1, 2008, the management fees were eliminated and the General Partners are eligible to receive special profits interest allocations as discussed below.
Effective January 1, 2008, the Investment Fund LPAs provide that the applicable General Partner will receive a special profits interest allocation at the end of each calendar year from each capital account maintained at the Investment Fund that is attributable to, (i) in the case of the Onshore Fund, each limited partner in the Onshore Fund and, (ii) in the case of the Feeder Funds, each investor in the Feeder Funds (excluding certain investors that were not charged management fees including affiliates of Mr. Icahn) (in each case, an Investor). This allocation is generally equal to 0.625% of the balance in each fee-paying capital account as of the beginning of each quarter (for each Investor, the Target Special Profits Interest Amount) except that amounts are allocated to the General Partners in respect of special profits interest allocations only to the extent net increases (i.e., net profits) are allocated to an Investor for the fiscal year. Accordingly, any special profits interest allocations allocated to the General Partners in respect of an Investor in any year cannot exceed the net profits allocated to such Investor in such year.
Each Target Special Profits Interest Amount will be deemed contributed to a separate hypothetical capital account (that is not subject to an incentive allocation or a special profits interest allocation) in the applicable Investment Fund and any gains or losses that would have been allocated on such amounts will be credited or debited, as applicable, to such hypothetical capital account. The special profits interest allocation attributable to an Investor will be deemed to be made (and thereby debited) from such hypothetical capital account and, accordingly, the aggregate amount of any special profits interest allocation attributable to such Investor will also depend upon the investment returns of the Investment Fund in which such hypothetical capital account is maintained.
In the event that sufficient net profits are not generated by an Investment Fund with respect to a capital account to meet the full Target Special Profits Interest Amount for an Investor for a calendar year, a special profits interest allocation will be made to the extent of such net profits, if any, and the shortfall will be carried forward and added to the Target Special Profits Interest Amount determined for such Investor for the next calendar year. Adjustments, to the extent appropriate, will be made to the calculation of the special profits interest allocations for new subscriptions and withdrawals by Investors. In the event that an Investor redeems in full from a Feeder Fund or the Onshore Fund before the full targeted Target Special Profits Interest Amount determined for such Investor has been allocated to the General Partner in the form of a special profits interest allocation, the amount of the Target Special Profits Interest Amount that has not yet been allocated to the General Partner will be forfeited and the General Partner will never receive it.
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The General Partners special profits interest allocations and incentive allocations earned from the Private Funds are accrued on a quarterly basis in accordance with Method 2 of EITF Topic D-96, Accounting for Management Fees Based on a Formula, and are allocated to the General Partners at the end of Private Funds fiscal year (or sooner on redemptions). Such accruals may be reversed as a result of subsequent investment performance prior to the conclusion of the Private Funds fiscal year.
The Investment Management segment has entered into agreements with certain of its employees whereby these employees have been granted rights to participate in a portion of the special profits interest allocations (in certain cases, whether or not such special profits interest is earned by the General Partners) (and prior to January 1, 2008, management fees) and incentive allocations earned by the Investment Management segment, typically net of certain expenses and generally subject to various vesting provisions. These amounts remain invested in the Private Funds and generally earn the rate of return of these funds, before the effects of any levied management fees or incentive allocations, which are waived on such deferred amounts. Accordingly, these rights are accounted for as liabilities in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R) (Revised 2004), Share-Based Payment, or SFAS No. 123(R), and remeasured at fair value for each reporting period until settlement.
The fair value of amounts deferred under these rights is determined at the end of each reporting period based, in part, on the (i) fair value of the underlying fee-paying net assets of the Private Funds, upon which the respective management fees are based, and (ii) performance of the funds in which the deferred amounts remain invested. The carrying value of such amounts represents the allocable management fees initially deferred and the appreciation or depreciation on any reinvested deferrals. These amounts approximate fair value because the appreciation or depreciation on the deferrals is based on the fair value of the Private Funds' investments, which are marked-to-market through earnings on a monthly basis.
Additionally, the Automotive segment accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R). Estimating fair value for shared-based payments in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R) requires the Automotive segments management to make assumptions regarding expected volatility of the underlying shares, the risk-free rate over the life of the share-based payment, and the date on which share-based payments will be settled. Any differences in actual results from managements estimates could result in fair values different from estimated fair values, which could materially impact our Automotive segments future results of operations and financial condition.
The fair value of our investments, including securities sold, not yet purchased, is based on observable market prices when available. Securities owned by the Private Funds that are listed on a securities exchange are valued at their last sales price on the primary securities exchange on which such securities are traded on such date. Securities that are not listed on any exchange but are traded over-the-counter are valued at the mean between the last bid and ask price for such security on such date. Securities and other instruments for which market quotes are not readily available are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by the applicable general partner. For some investments little market activity may exist; managements determination of fair value is then based on the best information available in the circumstances, and may incorporate managements own assumptions and involves a significant degree of managements judgment.
Long-lived assets held and used by our various operating segments and long-lived assets to be disposed of are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances, such as vacancies and rejected leases, indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. In performing the review for recoverability, we estimate the future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. If the sum of the expected future cash flows, undiscounted and without interest charges, is less than the carrying amount of the asset an impairment loss is recognized. Measurement of an impairment loss for long-lived assets that we expect to hold and use is based on the fair value of the asset. Long-lived assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell.
As a result of adjustments to fair value pursuant to SFAS No. 141, Federal-Moguls long-lived assets such as property, plant and equipment have been stated at estimated replacement cost as of February 29, 2008,
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unless the expected future use of the assets indicated a lower value was appropriate. Long-lived assets such as definite-lived intangible assets have been stated at estimated fair value as of February 29, 2008. In addition, Federal-Moguls indefinite-lived intangible assets, such as goodwill and trademarks, have been stated at estimated fair value as of February 29, 2008. Prior to Federal-Moguls application of purchase accounting, long-lived assets, such as property, plant and equipment and definite-lived intangible assets, were stated at cost. Federal-Moguls depreciation and amortization is computed principally by the straight-line method for financial reporting purposes and by accelerated methods for income tax purposes.
Definite-lived assets held by our various segments are periodically reviewed for impairment indicators. If impairment indicators exist, we perform the required analysis and record an impairment charge, as required, in accordance with SFAS No. 144.
Indefinite-lived intangible assets, such as goodwill and trademarks, held by our various segments are reviewed for impairment annually, or more frequently if impairment indicators exist. In accordance with SFAS No. 142, the impairment analysis compares the estimated fair value of these assets to the related carrying value, and an impairment charge is recorded for any excess of carrying value over estimated fair value. The estimated fair value is based upon consideration of various valuation methodologies, including guideline transaction multiples, multiples of current earnings, and projected future cash flows discounted at rates commensurate with the risk involved.
Estimating fair value for both long-lived and indefinite-lived assets requires management to make assumptions regarding future sales volumes and pricing, capital expenditures, useful lives and salvage values of related property, plant and equipment, managements ability to develop and implement productivity improvements, discount rates, effective tax rates, market multiples and other items. Any differences in actual results from estimates could result in fair values different from estimated fair values, which could materially impact our future results of operations and financial condition.
On an ongoing basis, we assess the potential liabilities related to any lawsuits or claims brought against us. While it is typically very difficult to determine the timing and ultimate outcome of such actions, we use our best judgment to determine if it is probable that we will incur an expense related to the settlement or final adjudication of such matters and whether a reasonable estimation of such probable loss, if any, can be made. In assessing probable losses, we make estimates of the amount of insurance recoveries, if any. We accrue a liability when we believe a loss is probable and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. Due to the inherent uncertainties related to the eventual outcome of litigation and potential insurance recovery, it is possible that certain matters may be resolved for amounts materially different from any provisions or disclosures that we have previously made.
Due to the nature of the operations of our Automotive and Metals segments, we may be subject to environmental remediation claims. Our Automotive and Metals segments are subject to federal, state, local and foreign environmental laws and regulations concerning discharges to the air, soil, surface and subsurface waters and the generation, handling, storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste materials and hazardous substances. Our Automotive and Metals operations are also subject to other federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations including those that require them to remove or mitigate the effects of the disposal or release of certain materials at various sites. While it is typically very difficult to determine the timing and ultimate outcome of such actions, if any, our Automotive and Metals management use their best judgment to determine if it is probable that they will incur an expense related to the settlement or final adjudication of such matters and whether a reasonable estimation of such probable loss, if any, can be made. In assessing probable losses, our Automotive and Metals management make estimates of the amount of insurance recoveries, if any. Our Automotive and Metals operations accrue a liability when management believes a loss is probable and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. Due to the inherent uncertainties related to the eventual outcome of litigation and potential insurance recovery, it is possible that certain matters may be resolved for amounts materially different from any provisions or disclosures that have previously been made.
It is impossible to predict precisely what effect these laws and regulations will have on our Automotive and Metals operations in the future. Compliance with environmental laws and regulations may result in,
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among other things, capital expenditures, costs and liabilities. Management believes, based on past experience and its best assessment of future events, that these environmental liabilities and costs will be assessed and paid over an extended period of time. Our Automotive and Metals operations believe that that recorded environmental liabilities will be adequate to cover their estimated liability for its exposure in respect to such matters. In the event that such liabilities were to significantly exceed the amounts recorded, our Automotive and Metals results of operations could be materially affected.
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the period. The more significant estimates include: (1) the valuation allowances of accounts receivable and inventory; (2) the valuation of long-lived assets, mortgages and notes receivable; (3) costs to complete for land, house and condominium developments; (4) deferred tax assets; (5) environmental liabilities; (6) fair value of derivatives; and (7) pension liabilities. Actual results may differ from the estimates and assumptions used in preparing the consolidated financial statements.
Using appropriate actuarial methods and assumptions, Federal-Moguls defined benefit pension plans are accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 87, Employers Accounting for Pensions, and SFAS No. 158, Employers Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans. Non-pension postemployment benefits are accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 106, Employers Accounting for Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions; and disability, early retirement and other postemployment benefits are accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 112, Employer Accounting for Postemployment Benefits.
Actual results that differ from assumptions used are accumulated and amortized over future periods and, accordingly, generally affect recognized expense and the recorded obligation in future periods. Therefore, assumptions used to calculate benefit obligations as of the end of a fiscal year directly impact the expense to be recognized in future periods. The primary assumptions affecting Federal-Moguls accounting for employee benefits under SFAS Nos. 87, 106, 112 and 158 as of December 31, 2008 are as follows:
| Long-Term Rate of Return on Plan Assets: The required use of the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets may result in recognized returns that are greater or less than the actual returns on those plan assets in any given year. Over time, however, the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets is designed to approximate actual earned long-term returns. Federal-Mogul uses long-term historical actual return information, the mix of investments that comprise plan assets, and future estimates of long-term investment returns by reference to external sources to develop an assumption of the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets. The expected long-term rate of return is used to calculate net periodic pension cost. In determining its pension obligations, Federal-Mogul used long-term rates of return on plan assets ranging from 4.0% to 10.0%. |
| Discount Rate: The discount rate is used to calculate future pension and postemployment obligations. Discount rate assumptions used to account for pension and non-pension postemployment benefit plans reflect the rates available on high-quality, fixed-income debt instruments on December 31 of each year. In determining its pension and other benefit obligations, Federal-Mogul used discount rates ranging from 5.25% to 8.25%. |
| Health Care Cost Trend: For postretirement health care plan accounting, Federal-Mogul reviews external data and specific historical trends for health care costs to determine the health care cost trend rate. The assumed health care cost trend rate used to measure next years postemployment health care benefits is 7.5% declining to an ultimate trend rate of 5.0% in 2014. The assumed drug cost trend rate used to measure next years postemployment health care benefits is 9.2% declining to an ultimate trend rate of 5.0% in 2014. |
The following table illustrates the sensitivity to a change in certain assumptions for projected benefits obligations (PBO), associated expense and other comprehensive loss (OCL). The changes in these assumptions have no impact on Federal-Moguls fiscal 2009 funding requirements.
37
Pension Benefits | Other Benefits | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
United States Plans | International Plans | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in 2009 Pension Expense |
Change in PBO |
Change in Accumulated OCL |
Change in 2009 Pension Expense |
Change in PBO |
Change in Accumulated OCL |
Change in 2009 Expense |
Change in PBO |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Millions of Dollars) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
25 bp decrease in discount rate | $ | (2 | ) | $ | 21 | $ | (21 | ) | $ | | $ | 8 | $ | (8 | ) | $ | | $ | (10 | ) | ||||||||||||
25 bp increase in discount rate | 2 | (21 | ) | 21 | | (8 | ) | 8 | | (10 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
25 bp decrease in rate of return on assets | 1 | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
25 bp increase in rate of return on assets | (1 | ) | | | | | | | |
The assumed health care trend rate has a significant impact on the amounts reported for non-pension plans. The following table illustrates the sensitivity to a change in the assumed health care trend rate:
Total Service and Interest Cost | APBO | |||||||
(Millions of Dollars) | ||||||||
100 bp increase in health care trend rate | $ | 2 | $ | 26 | ||||
100 bp decrease in health care trend rate | (1 | ) | (24 | ) |
Federal-Mogul has accrued conditional asset retirement obligations, or CARO, of $27 million as of December 31, 2008, in accordance with FASB Financial Interpretation (FIN) No. 47, Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations-an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 143 (FIN 47). These liabilities result primarily from the obligation to remove hazardous materials in buildings from facilities which Federal-Mogul expects to close or sell in connection with its ongoing restructuring efforts.
In determining whether the estimated fair value of CARO can reasonably be estimated in accordance with FIN 47, Federal-Mogul must determine if the obligation can be assessed in relation to the acquisition price of the related asset or if an active market exists to transfer the obligation. If the obligation cannot be assessed in connection with an acquisition price and if no market exists for the transfer of the obligation, Federal-Mogul must determine if it has sufficient information upon which to estimate the obligation using expected present value techniques. This determination requires Federal-Mogul to estimate the range of settlement dates and the potential methods of settlement, and then to assign the probabilities to the various potential settlement dates and methods.
In cases other than those included in the $27 million, where probability assessments could not reasonably be made, Federal-Mogul cannot record and has not recorded a liability for the affected CARO. If new information were to become available whereby Federal-Mogul could make reasonable probability assessments for these CARO, the amount accrued for CARO could change significantly, which could materially impact Federal-Moguls statement of operations and/or financial position and adversely impact our Automotive segments operations. Settlements of CARO in the near-future at amounts other than Federal-Moguls best estimates as of December 31, 2008 also could materially impact our Automotive segments future results of operations and financial condition.
Except as described below, no provision has been made for federal, state or local income taxes on the results of operations generated by partnership activities as such taxes are the responsibility of the partners. Our corporate subsidiaries account for their income taxes under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax
38
assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carry forwards.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.
Federal-Mogul did not record taxes on a portion of its undistributed earnings of $652 million at December 31, 2008, since these earnings are considered by Federal-Mogul to be permanently reinvested. If at some future date, these earnings cease to be permanently reinvested, Federal-Mogul may be subject to U.S. income taxes and foreign withholding taxes on such amounts. Determining the unrecognized deferred tax liability on the potential distribution of these earnings is not practicable as such liability, if any, is dependent on circumstances existing when remittance occurs.
Management periodically evaluates all evidence, both positive and negative, in determining whether a valuation allowance to reduce the carrying value of deferred tax assets is still needed. In fiscal 2008, fiscal 2007 and fiscal 2006, we concluded, based on the projections of taxable income, that certain of our corporate subsidiaries more likely than not will realize a partial benefit from their deferred tax assets and loss carry forwards. Ultimate realization of the deferred tax assets is dependent upon, among other factors, our corporate subsidiaries ability to generate sufficient taxable income within the carryforward periods and is subject to change depending on the tax laws in effect in the years in which the carryforwards are used.
SFAS No. 141(R). In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R). SFAS No. 141(R) requires the acquiring entity in a business combination to record all assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their respective acquisition-date fair values. Certain forms of contingent consideration and certain acquired contingencies will be recorded at fair value at the acquisition date. SFAS No. 141(R) also requires that acquisition-related costs be expensed as incurred and restructuring costs be expensed in periods after the acquisition date. This statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. Early adoption of SFAS No. 141(R) is not permitted. SFAS No. 141(R) applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after January 1, 2009.
SFAS No. 160. In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements An Amendment of ARB No. 51 (SFAS No. 160). SFAS No. 160 requires a company to clearly identify and present ownership interests in subsidiaries held by parties other than the company in the consolidated financial statements within the equity section but separate from the companys equity; non-controlling interests will be presented within the statement of changes in partners equity and comprehensive income as a separate equity component. It also requires that the amount of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and to the non-controlling interests be clearly identified and presented on the face of the consolidated statement of income; income per LP unit be reported after the adjustment for non-controlling interest in income (loss); changes in ownership interest be accounted for similarly as equity transactions; and, when a subsidiary is deconsolidated, any retained non-controlling equity investment in the former subsidiary and the gain or loss on the deconsolidation of the subsidiary be measured at fair value. We adopted SFAS No. 160 effective January 1, 2009 and we have reflected it in on a retrospective basis for all periods presented. There was no effect from our adoption of SFAS No. 160 on the equity or net income (loss) attributable to Icahn Enterprises, or Icahn Enterprises liquidity.
SFAS No. 161. In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133 (SFAS No. 161), which requires enhanced disclosures about an entitys derivative and hedging activities thereby improving the transparency of financial reporting. SFAS No. 161 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early adoption encouraged. Since SFAS No. 161 requires additional disclosures regarding derivative and hedging activities, the adoption of SFAS No. 161 will not affect our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
39
FSP No. 133-1 and FIN 45-4. In September 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 133-1 and FIN 45-4 Disclosures about Credit Derivatives and Certain Guarantees: An Amendment of FASB Statement No. 133 and FASB Interpretation No. 45; and Clarification of the Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 161 (FSP FAS 133-1 and FIN 45-4). This FSP amends SFAS No.133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, to require disclosures by entities that assume credit risk through the sale of credit derivatives including credit derivatives embedded in a hybrid instrument. The intent of these enhanced disclosures is to enable users of financial statements to assess the potential effects on its financial position, financial performance, and cash flows from these credit derivatives. This FSP also amends FASB Interpretation No. 45, Guarantors Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others, to require an additional disclosure about the current status of the payment /performance risk of a guarantee. FSP FAS 133-1 and FIN 45-4 are effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods ending after November 15, 2008. For periods after the initial adoption date, comparative disclosures are required. We adopted FSP FAS 133-1 and FIN 45-4 on December 31, 2008. See Note 9, Financial Instrument to the consolidated financial statements for further discussion.
FSP FAS 140-4 and FIN 46(R)-8. In December 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position FAS 140-4 and FIN 46(R)-8, Disclosures by Public Entities (Enterprises) about Transfers of Financial Assets and Interests in Variable Interest Entities (FAS 140-4 and FIN 46(R)-8). FAS 140-4 and FIN 46(R)-8 increases disclosures for public companies about securitizations, asset-backed financings and variable interest entities. The FSP is effective for reporting periods that end after December 15, 2008. Since the FSP requires only additional disclosures concerning transfers of financial assets and interests in variable interest entities, adoption of the FSP will not affect our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Statements included in Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations which are not historical in nature are intended to be, and are hereby identified as, forward-looking statements for purposes of the safe harbor provided by Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act, as amended by Public Law 104-67.
Forward-looking statements regarding managements present plans or expectations involve risks and uncertainties and changing economic or competitive conditions, as well as the negotiation of agreements with third parties, which could cause actual results to differ from present plans or expectations, and such differences could be material. Readers should consider that such statements speak only as of the date hereof.
We have in the past and may in the future make forward-looking statements. Certain of the statements contained in this document involve risks and uncertainties. Our future results could differ materially from those statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to those discussed in this document. These statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those predicted. Also, please see Item 1A., Risk Factors, contained in our annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 filed with the SEC on March 4, 2009.
40
Board of Directors and Partners of
Icahn Enterprises L.P.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Icahn Enterprises L.P. and Subsidiaries (the Partnership) (a Delaware limited partnership) as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in equity and comprehensive income, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2008. Our audits of the basic consolidated financial statements included the financial statement schedule listed in the index appearing under Item 15 (a)(2). These financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Partnerships management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits. We did not audit the financial statements of Federal-Mogul Corporation, a subsidiary, whose total assets as of December 31, 2008, and whose revenues for the period from March 1, 2008 (date of consolidation) through December 31, 2008, constituted $7.2 billion and $5.7 billion, respectively, of the related consolidated totals. Those statements were audited by other auditors, whose report thereon has been furnished to us, and our opinion, insofar as it relates to the amounts included for Federal-Mogul Corporation, is based solely on the report of the other auditors.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits and the report of the other auditors provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, based on our audits and the report of the other auditors, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Icahn Enterprises L.P. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2008 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.
As discussed in Note 1, on January 1, 2009, the Partnership adopted SFAS No. 160 and retrospectively adjusted all periods presented for the adoption. In addition, the Partnership has reformatted its consolidated financial statements for all periods presented.
As discussed in Notes 2 and 7 to the consolidated financial statements, in 2007, the Partnership changed its method of accounting for its investments with the adoption of SFAS No. 157 and SFAS No. 159.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Icahn Enterprises L.P. and Subsidiaries internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on criteria established in Internal Control Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) and our report thereon dated March 4, 2009, expressed an unqualified opinion.
/s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP
New York, New York
March 4, 2009 (except for Note 1
related to the effect of the adoption
of SFAS No. 160 and reformatted consolidated
financial statements, as to which the date is August 4, 2009)
41
The Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Federal-Mogul Corporation
We have audited the consolidated balance sheets of Federal-Mogul Corporation and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 (Successor), and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders' equity (deficit), and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2008 (Successor), and 2007 and 2006 (Predecessor) (not presented herein). These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Federal-Mogul Corporation and subsidiaries at December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of three years in the period ended December 31, 2008, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
As discussed in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements, on November 8, 2007, the U.S. Bankruptcy Court entered an order confirming the Plan of Reorganization, which became effective on December 27, 2007. Accordingly, the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with AICPA Statement of Position 90-7 Financial Reporting by Entities in Reorganization under the Bankruptcy Code, for the Successor as a new entity with assets, liabilities and a capital structure having carrying values not comparable with prior periods as described in Note 3.
As discussed in Notes 14 and 15 to the consolidated financial statements, the Predecessor changed its method of accounting for pensions and other postretirement plans in 2006 and tax uncertainties in 2007, respectively.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Companys internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on criteria established in Internal Control Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 24, 2009, included in the Companys Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2008 and not presented herein, expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Detroit, Michigan
February 24, 2009
42
December 31, | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
(In Millions, Except Unit Amounts) |
||||||||
ASSETS |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 2,612 | $ | 2,113 | ||||
Cash held at consolidated affiliated partnerships and restricted cash | 3,947 | 1,147 | ||||||
Investments | 4,515 | 6,432 | ||||||
Accounts receivable, net | 1,057 | 179 | ||||||
Due from brokers | 54 | 848 | ||||||
Inventories, net | 1,093 | 266 | ||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net | 2,878 | 533 | ||||||
Goodwill | 1,086 | 16 | ||||||
Intangible assets | 943 | 24 | ||||||
Other assets | 630 | 876 | ||||||
Total Assets | $ | 18,815 | $ | 12,434 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY |
||||||||
Accounts payable | $ | 679 | $ | 85 | ||||
Accrued expenses and other liabilities | 2,805 | 930 | ||||||
Securities sold, not yet purchased, at fair value | 2,273 | 206 | ||||||
Due to brokers | 713 | | ||||||
Postemployment benefit liability | 1,302 | | ||||||
Debt | 4,571 | 2,041 | ||||||
Preferred limited partner units | 130 | 124 | ||||||
Total liabilities | 12,473 | 3,386 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies (Note 20) |
||||||||
Equity: |
||||||||
Limited partners: |
||||||||
Depositary units: 92,400,000 authorized; issued 75,912,797 and 71,626,710 at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively; outstanding 74,775,597 and 70,489,510 at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively |
2,582 | 3,057 | ||||||
General partner | (172 | ) | (732 | ) | ||||
Treasury units at cost | (12 | ) | (12 | ) | ||||
Equity attributable to Icahn Enterprises | 2,398 | 2,313 | ||||||
Equity attributable to non-controlling interests | 3,944 | 6,735 | ||||||
Total equity | 6,342 | 9,048 | ||||||
Total Liabilities and Equity | $ | 18,815 | $ | 12,434 |
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
43
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2008(1) | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
(In Millions, Except Per Unit Amounts) | ||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||
Net sales | $ | 7,389 | $ | 1,608 | $ | 1,720 | ||||||
Net (loss) gain from investment activities | (2,923 | ) | 439 | 1,122 | ||||||||
Interest and dividend income | 323 | 372 | 130 | |||||||||
Gain on extinguishment of debt | 146 | | | |||||||||
Other income, net | 92 | 72 | 34 | |||||||||
Total revenues | 5,027 | 2,491 | 3,006 | |||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||
Cost of goods sold | 6,258 | 1,505 | 1,594 | |||||||||
Selling, general and administrative | 965 | 294 | 262 | |||||||||
Restructuring and impairment | 607 | 53 | 46 | |||||||||
Interest expense | 323 | 150 | 97 | |||||||||
Total expenses | 8,153 | 2,002 | 1,999 | |||||||||
(Loss) income from continuing operations before income tax (expense) benefit | (3,126 | ) | 489 | 1,007 | ||||||||
Income tax (expense) benefit | (47 | ) | (9 | ) | 1 | |||||||
(Loss) income from continuing operations | (3,173 | ) | 480 | 1,008 | ||||||||
Income from discontinued operations | 485 | 84 | 850 | |||||||||
Net (loss) income | (2,688 | ) | 564 | 1,858 | ||||||||
Less: net loss (income) attributable to non-controlling interests | 2,645 | (256 | ) | (750 | ) | |||||||
Net (loss) income attributable to Icahn Enterprises | $ | (43 | ) | $ | 308 | $ | 1,108 | |||||
Net (loss) income attributable to Icahn Enterprises from: |
||||||||||||
Continuing operations | $ | (528 | ) | $ | 219 | $ | 311 | |||||
Discontinued operations | 485 | 89 | 797 | |||||||||
$ | (43 | ) | $ | 308 | $ | 1,108 | ||||||
Net (loss) income attributable to Icahn Enterprises allocable to: |
||||||||||||
Limited partners | $ | (57 | ) | $ | 103 | $ | 507 | |||||
General partner | 14 | 205 | 601 | |||||||||
$ | (43 | ) | $ | 308 | $ | 1,108 | ||||||
Basic and diluted income (loss) per LP unit: |
||||||||||||
(Loss) income from continuing operations | $ | (7.84 | ) | $ | 0.24 | $ | 0.02 | |||||
Income from discontinued operations | 7.04 | 1.34 | 8.20 | |||||||||
$ | (0.80 | ) | $ | 1.58 | $ | 8.22 | ||||||
Weighted average LP units outstanding | 71 | 65 | 62 | |||||||||
Cash distributions declared per LP unit | $ | 1.00 | $ | 0.55 | $ | 0.40 |
(1) | Automotive segment results are for the period March 1, 2008 through December 31, 2008. |
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
44
Equity Attributable to Icahn Enterprises | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
General Partner's Equity (Deficit) | Limited Partners' Equity Depositary Units |
Held in Treasury |
Total Partners' Equity |
Non-Controlling Interests | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amount | Units | Total Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2005 | $ | 25 | $ | 1,725 | $ | (12 | ) | 1 | $ | 1,738 | $ | 2,854 | $ | 4,592 | ||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | 601 | 507 | | | 1,108 | 750 | 1,858 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Net unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities | 3 | 29 | | | 32 | | 32 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income | 1 | | | | 1 | | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income | 605 | 536 | | | 1,141 | 750 | 1,891 | |||||||||||||||||||||
CEO LP unit options | | 6 | | | 6 | | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Atlantic Coast bond conversion | | 2 | | | 2 | | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Partnership distributions | (1 | ) | (24 | ) | | | (25 | ) | | (25 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Investment Management distributions | | | | | | (24 | ) | (24 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Investment Management contributions | | | | | | 341 | 341 | |||||||||||||||||||||
PSC Metals dividend distribution | (33 | ) | | | | (33 | ) | | (33 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Equity in ImClone capital transactions | | 3 | | | 3 | | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2006 | 596 | 2,248 | (12 | ) | 1 | 2,832 | 3,921 | 6,753 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Cumulative effect of adjustment from adoption of SFAS No. 159 |
(1 | ) | (41 | ) | | | (42 | ) | | (42 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | 205 | 103 | | | 308 | 256 | 564 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Net unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities | | (24 | ) | | | (24 | ) | | (24 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income | 5 | | | | 5 | | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income | 210 | 79 | | | 289 | 256 | 545 | |||||||||||||||||||||
General partner contributions | 16 | | | | 16 | |