UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
SCHEDULE 14A
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Securities Exchange Act of 1934
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Career Education Corporation
(Name of Registrant as Specified In Its Charter)
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CAREER EDUCATION CORPORATION
ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
June 3, 2014
NOTICE AND PROXY STATEMENT
April 17, 2014
Dear Stockholder:
I cordially invite you to attend our 2014 Annual Meeting of Stockholders on June 3, 2014. The Annual Meeting will start promptly at 9:00 a.m., Central Daylight Saving Time, at our campus support center at Career Education Corporation, 231 North Martingale Road, Schaumburg, Illinois 60173.
The attached Notice of Annual Meeting and Proxy Statement describes how our Board of Directors operates, provides biographical information on our director nominees, gives information for the voting matters to be acted upon at the Annual Meeting and explains the proxy voting process.
Whether or not you plan to attend the Annual Meeting, it is important that your shares be represented and voted. Please take a moment now to vote your shares by Internet or by toll-free telephone call. If you received a paper copy of the Notice of Annual Meeting and Proxy Statement, you may also vote your shares by signing, dating and returning the enclosed proxy card or voting instruction form.
We look forward to seeing you on June 3, 2014 and urge you to vote as soon as possible.
Sincerely, |
Scott W. Steffey |
President and Chief Executive Officer |
NOTICE OF ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS OF CAREER EDUCATION CORPORATION
TO BE HELD ON JUNE 3, 2014
Time: Registration begins: 8:30 a.m., Central Daylight Saving Time
Admission to the meeting: 8:45 a.m. Meeting begins: 9:00 a.m.
Date: | June 3, 2014 |
Place: | Career Education Corporation |
231 North Martingale Road |
Schaumburg, Illinois 60173 |
To the Stockholders of Career Education Corporation:
We will hold our 2014 Annual Meeting of Stockholders at the time, date and location specified above, to act and vote on the following matters:
(1) | To elect nine directors of Career Education Corporation; |
(2) | To approve, by a nonbinding advisory vote, executive compensation paid by Career Education Corporation to its named executive officers, commonly referred to as a Say-on-Pay proposal; |
(3) | To ratify the selection of Ernst & Young LLP as the independent registered public accounting firm to audit the Companys financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2014; and |
(4) | To consider any other business or matter that is properly raised at the meeting or at any adjournments or postponements of the meeting. |
Only stockholders of record at the close of business on April 7, 2014, the record date, are entitled to notice of and to vote at the meeting. Please contact Georgeson Inc., our proxy solicitation firm, toll-free at (888) 206-5970 if you have any questions regarding voting.
By order of the Board of Directors,
Jeffrey D. Ayers
Corporate Secretary
Schaumburg, Illinois
April 17, 2014
Important Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials for the Stockholder Meeting to be Held on June 3, 2014
The Proxy Statement and Annual Report on Form 10-K and the means to vote by Internet are available at www.ProxyVote.com.
Your Vote is Important
Please vote as promptly as possible by using the Internet or telephone or by signing, dating and returning the proxy card mailed to those who receive paper copies of the Notice of Annual Meeting and Proxy Statement.
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PROXY STATEMENT
Career Education Corporation
231 North Martingale Road
Schaumburg, Illinois 60173
(847) 781-3600
INFORMATION ABOUT VOTING AND THE MEETING
Why did I receive these proxy materials?
Career Education Corporation (CEC, the Company, we, us or our) is holding its 2014 Annual Meeting of Stockholders on June 3, 2014. You have received these materials in connection with the 2014 Annual Meeting.
You are invited to attend the 2014 Annual Meeting of Stockholders on June 3, 2014, beginning at 9:00 a.m., Central Daylight Saving Time. The Annual Meeting will be held at our campus support center at Career Education Corporation, 231 North Martingale Road, Schaumburg, Illinois 60173. To obtain directions to attend the 2014 Annual Meeting and vote in person, please call Investor Relations at (847) 585-3899 or visit our website at www.careered.com under the caption Corporate Contact.
Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials
In accordance with rules adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), we provide our stockholders with the choice of accessing the 2014 Annual Meeting proxy materials over the Internet, rather than receiving printed copies of those materials through the mail. In connection with this process, a Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials is being mailed to our stockholders who have not previously requested electronic access to our proxy materials or paper proxy materials. The notice contains instructions on how you may access and review our proxy materials on the Internet and how you may vote your shares. The notice will also tell you how to request our proxy materials in printed form or by email, at no charge. The Company believes this process provides its stockholders the information they need in a more timely manner, while reducing the environmental impact and lowering the costs of printing and delivering the proxy materials.
We anticipate that the Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials will be mailed to stockholders beginning on or about April 17, 2014.
Who is entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting?
Stockholders of CEC, as recorded in our stock transfer records as of the close of business on April 7, 2014 (the Record Date), are entitled to vote at the 2014 Annual Meeting.
Outstanding Shares
As of the Record Date, the Company had 67,195,515 outstanding shares of common stock. Each outstanding share of common stock is entitled to one vote on each voting matter at the Annual Meeting.
Who can attend the Annual Meeting?
All stockholders as of the Record Date, or their duly appointed proxies, may attend the 2014 Annual Meeting. Stockholders will be admitted to the meeting beginning at 8:45 a.m., Central Daylight Saving Time. Seating will be limited.
What do I need to present for admission to the Annual Meeting?
You will need to present proof of your ownership of the Companys common stock, such as a bank or brokerage account statement, and a form of personal identification, to be admitted to the Annual Meeting. No
cameras, recording equipment, large bags, briefcases or packages will be permitted at the 2014 Annual Meeting. All electronic devices will need to be turned off during the 2014 Annual Meeting.
What is the difference between holding shares as a stockholder of record and as a beneficial owner?
You hold shares as a stockholder of record if your shares are registered directly in your name in our stock transfer records, which are managed by Computershare Trust Company, N.A., our transfer agent. The Company provides the proxy materials directly to you as a stockholder of record.
You hold shares as a beneficial owner if your shares are held in a stock brokerage account or by a bank or other holder of record. This form of ownership is commonly referred to as holding shares in street name. Your broker, bank or other stockholder of record forwards the proxy materials and that stockholder of records voting instructions to you. As the beneficial owner, you direct your broker, bank or other stockholder of record how to vote your shares by following the instructions provided.
How do proxies work?
Our Board of Directors is asking you to appoint Jeffrey D. Ayers and Gail B. Rago as your proxy holders to vote your shares at the 2014 Annual Meeting. Mr. Ayers is our Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary, and Ms. Rago is our Senior Vice President, Deputy General CounselCorporate and Assistant Corporate Secretary.
You appoint these individuals by voting your shares by Internet or by toll-free telephone call, as described below. If you receive a paper copy of the Notice of Annual Meeting and Proxy Statement, you may also vote your shares by signing, dating and returning the enclosed proxy card or voting instruction form.
Giving us your Internet or telephone vote (or signed proxy card or voting instruction form) means that you authorize Mr. Ayers and Ms. Rago to vote your shares at the 2014 Annual Meeting according to the voting directions you provide through the Internet or telephone voting procedures (or on the proxy card or voting instruction form).
You may vote for or against all, some or none of our director candidates. You may also provide your (a) advisory vote for or against approval of compensation paid by Career Education Corporation to its named executive officers, commonly referred to as a Say-on-Pay proposal, and (b) vote for or against the ratification of the selection of our independent registered public accounting firm. You may also choose to abstain from voting on any of these matters.
Unless you indicate otherwise through the Internet or telephone voting procedures (or on your proxy card or voting instruction form), you also authorize your proxy holders, to the extent permitted under securities regulations, to vote your shares on any matters not known by the Board of Directors at the time this Proxy Statement was printed and that, under our By-Laws, may be properly presented for action at the 2014 Annual Meeting.
How do I vote if I am the stockholder of record?
You can vote in person at the meeting by completing a ballot at the meeting or you can vote by proxy as follows:
By Internet: The website for Internet voting is listed in the Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials (or on the proxy card if you receive a paper copy of the Proxy Statement). Internet voting allows you to confirm that your instructions have been followed.
By telephone: Use the toll-free number listed in the Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials (or on the proxy card if you receive a paper copy of the Proxy Statement). Easy-to-follow voice prompts allow you to vote your shares and confirm that your instructions have been properly received.
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By mail (if you receive a paper copy of the Proxy Statement): Complete, sign, date and return your proxy card in the enclosed pre-addressed, postage-paid envelope.
Internet and telephone voting procedures use a control number that appears on your Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials (or on your proxy card if you receive a paper copy of the Proxy Statement) to authenticate you as a stockholder of record and to allow you to confirm that your voting instructions have been properly recorded.
If you vote by Internet or telephone, you do not need to sign and return the proxy card.
Each Internet or telephone vote and each executed and returned proxy card will be voted as directed. If you do not provide voting directions, the proxy will be voted in accordance with the Boards voting recommendations contained in this Proxy Statement.
Please contact our proxy solicitation firm, Georgeson Inc., toll-free at (888) 206-5970 if you have any questions regarding voting.
How do I vote if I am a beneficial owner through a stock brokerage account, a bank or other holder of record?
You will receive materials and instructions from your stockbroker, bank or other firm that you must follow in order to have your shares voted.
You will not be able to vote in person at the 2014 Annual Meeting unless you have previously requested and obtained a legal proxy from your broker, bank or other firm and present it at the 2014 Annual Meeting.
Stockholders are advised to provide their voting instructions promptly to allow brokers sufficient time to process the voting instructions. Broker non-votes will be included for purposes of determining whether a quorum is present at the 2014 Annual Meeting. Broker non-votes are proxies received by CEC from brokers or nominees when the broker or nominee has neither received instructions from the beneficial owner or other persons entitled to vote nor has discretionary power to vote on a particular matter.
What is a quorum?
A quorum is the number of shares that must be present at a meeting to have a valid meeting and valid vote. The required quorum to transact business at the 2014 Annual Meeting is a majority of the voting power of shares of CEC common stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote as of the Record Date.
The inspector of elections appointed for the 2014 Annual Meeting will tabulate the votes cast by proxy and in person at the 2014 Annual Meeting to determine whether or not a quorum is present. For purposes of determining whether a quorum is present, the inspector of elections will count abstentions and broker non-votes as shares that are present and entitled to vote.
Who will count the vote?
At the 2014 Annual Meeting, the inspector of elections appointed by the Board of Directors will tabulate the voting results.
What are the Board of Directors recommendations on each proposal?
The Board of Directors recommends that you:
| Vote FOR all of the Board of Directors nominees for election as directors. |
| Vote FOR the nonbinding stockholder advisory vote to approve executive compensation paid by the Company to its named executive officers. |
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| Vote FOR the ratification of the selection of Ernst & Young LLP as the independent registered public accounting firm to audit our financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2014. |
What vote is required to approve each proposal?
| Election of Directors: Each outstanding share of our common stock is entitled to one vote for as many separate nominees as there are directors to be elected. If none of our stockholders provides the Company with notice of an intention to nominate one or more candidates to compete with the Boards nominees in a director election, or if our stockholders have withdrawn all such nominations by the tenth day before the Company mails its notice of meeting to our stockholders, a nominee for director will be elected to the Board of Directors if the votes cast FOR the nominee exceed the votes cast AGAINST the nominee. If the number of director nominees exceeds the number of directors to be elected, the directors will be elected by the vote of a plurality of the shares of common stock represented in person or by proxy at the 2014 Annual Meeting. If directors are to be elected by a plurality of the votes cast, stockholders are not permitted to vote against a nominee. Abstentions and broker non-votes have no effect on the election of directors, because directors receiving a majority of votes cast will be elected. |
| Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation: Approval, by a nonbinding advisory vote, of the compensation paid by the Company to its named executive officers requires the favorable vote of a majority of the shares of common stock present in person or by proxy at the 2014 Annual Meeting. Abstentions are treated as shares present and not voting, so abstaining has the same effect as a vote AGAINST this proposal. Broker non-votes will have no effect on the vote. |
| Ratification of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm: Ratification of the selection of Ernst & Young LLP as the independent registered public accounting firm to audit our financial statements for 2014 requires the favorable vote of a majority of the shares of common stock present in person or by proxy at the 2014 Annual Meeting. Abstentions are treated as shares present and not voting, so abstaining has the same effect as a vote AGAINST this proposal. This proposal to ratify the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP will be considered a routine matter, and accordingly, brokers and other nominees will have discretionary authority to vote on this proposal. |
As provided by law, the advisory vote to approve executive compensation is nonbinding. The Board will review and consider the results of the vote when determining executive compensation.
What happens if a director nominee does not receive sufficient votes to be elected to the Board of Directors?
Under Delaware law, an incumbent director who fails to receive the required vote holds over, or continues to serve as a director, until his or her successor is elected and qualified. The Companys Corporate Governance Guidelines provide that the Board expects a director to tender his or her resignation if he or she fails to receive the required number of votes for re-election and that if an incumbent director fails to receive the required vote for re-election, the Nominating and Governance Committee will act on an expedited basis to determine whether to accept the directors resignation and will submit such recommendation for prompt consideration by the Board. The Board expects the director whose resignation is under consideration to abstain from participating in any decision regarding that resignation. The Nominating and Governance Committee and the Board may consider any factors they deem relevant in deciding whether to accept a directors resignation. If the failure of a nominee to be elected at the 2014 Annual Meeting results in a vacancy on the Board, the Board may act to fill that vacancy.
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Can I change my vote or revoke my proxy?
Yes. Even after you have submitted your proxy, you may change your vote at any time before it is voted at the 2014 Annual Meeting. To change your vote for shares you own directly as a stockholder of record, you may:
| vote again at a later date by Internet or telephone; or |
| deliver a signed and dated proxy card that is dated later than your prior executed proxy card; or |
| submit a revocation letter with a later date than your proxy card to CECs Corporate Secretary; or |
| attend the 2014 Annual Meeting and vote in person. |
To revoke your proxy or instructions for shares you hold beneficially in street name, you can revoke your voting instructions by informing the holder of record in accordance with that holders procedures.
Could other matters be decided at the Annual Meeting?
Yes. At the date of this Proxy Statement, we did not know of any other matters to be presented for consideration at the 2014 Annual Meeting. If any other item or matter does properly come before the 2014 Annual Meeting, your proxy holders will vote in their discretion on that item or matter, to the extent permitted under the regulations of the SEC.
Is there a list of stockholders entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting?
Yes. An alphabetical list of stockholders of record entitled to vote at the 2014 Annual Meeting, showing the address of and number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder, will be open to the examination of any stockholder for any purpose germane to the 2014 Annual Meeting during ordinary business hours commencing May 23, 2014, and continuing through the date of the 2014 Annual Meeting at our principal offices, 231 North Martingale Road, Schaumburg, Illinois 60173.
What is householding and how does it affect me?
We have adopted a procedure approved by the SEC called householding. Under this procedure, stockholders of record sharing a single address can choose to receive only one annual report to stockholders, proxy statement or notice of Internet availability of proxy materials, as applicable. This householding practice reduces our printing and postage costs. However, if you or another stockholder of record at a single address wishes to receive a separate Annual Report or Proxy Statement this year or in the future, you, he or she may contact us at (847) 585-3899 or may write to us at Investor Relations, Career Education Corporation, 231 North Martingale Road, Schaumburg, Illinois 60173.
If you are a street name holder, you can request householding by contacting your bank or broker.
Can I access the Notice of Annual Meeting of Stockholders, Proxy Statement and Annual Report on Form 10-K on the Internet?
CECs Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013, containing financial and other information pertaining to CEC, is being made available to stockholders with this Notice of Annual Meeting and Proxy Statement. The Notice of Annual Meeting of Stockholders, Proxy Statement and Annual Report on Form 10-K are available at www.ProxyVote.com.
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND BOARD MATTERS
The current members of the Board of Directors are:
Louis E. Caldera |
Dennis H. Chookaszian | David W. Devonshire | ||
Patrick W. Gross |
Gregory L. Jackson | Thomas B. Lally | ||
Ronald D. McCray |
Scott W. Steffey | Leslie T. Thornton |
The Board of Directors met 19 times in 2013. Each incumbent director attended at least 75% of the total number of Board meetings and at least 75% of the total number of meetings of the Committees on which he or she served during the period he or she served as a director or Committee member.
Directors are expected to attend annual meetings of the Companys stockholders, including the 2014 Annual Meeting, absent unusual circumstances. Each member of the Board of Directors who served as a director at the time of the 2013 Annual Meeting of the Companys stockholders attended that meeting.
Corporate Governance Guidelines and Ethics Codes
The Board of Directors has adopted Corporate Governance Guidelines to assist it in fulfilling its responsibility to exercise its business judgment to act in what it believes to be the best interest of our stockholders. The Corporate Governance Guidelines, as amended, are posted on the Companys website, www.careered.com, under the caption Investor Relations.
The Board of Directors has adopted a Code of Ethics for Executive Officers specifically applicable to our executive officers and senior financial officers, including our principal executive officer, our principal financial and accounting officer and our controller.
We have also adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics to promote honest and ethical conduct and compliance with the laws and governmental rules and regulations to which we are subject. The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is applicable to all of our employees, officers and directors. The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics also includes the Companys Conflicts of Interest Policy, among other policies. Directors are expected to read this Code and adhere to its provisions to the extent applicable in carrying out their duties and responsibilities as directors. The Conflicts of Interest Policy provides, among other things, that it is improper for employees to do business with an individual that is not at arms length even if the employee has no financial interest in the transaction or arrangement; that employees shall not directly or indirectly have any interest in or have any personal contract, agreement or understanding of any nature whatsoever with suppliers, customers or other persons or entities doing business or negotiating to do business with the Company; that employees must bring any business opportunity encompassed under the Conflicts of Interest Policy to the attention of the appropriate Company official; and that employees are prohibited from engaging or participating, directly or indirectly, either as a principal, agent, employee, employer, consultant, stockholder, co-partner, board member or in any other individual or representative capacity, in the conduct or management of, or own any stock or other proprietary interest in, any business that is or may be competitive or seeks to do business with the Company, unless the employee has obtained the prior written consent of the Company. However, this policy allows ownership of up to 5% of the capital stock of public companies that are regularly traded on any national exchange or in the over-the-counter market.
These Codes are available on our website at www.careered.com under the caption Investor Relations. Any amendments of these Codes will be promptly posted on our website. The Audit Committee is responsible for our compliance with these Codes and reviews issues arising under the Codes relating to any director, executive officer or senior financial officer. Only the Audit Committee or the Board of Directors can approve a waiver from these Codes for these individuals. Any waiver approved by the Audit Committee or the Board will be disclosed promptly on our Internet site and as otherwise required by the rules of the SEC and NASDAQ.
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Board Leadership Structure and Role in Risk Oversight
Currently, the Board believes that separating the Chairman of the Board and the President and Chief Executive Officer positions serves the best interests of the Company and its stockholders because it enhances communication among the Board and members of the senior executive team and enables the Board to more effectively oversee the Companys strategy and strategy implementation. Following the 2013 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, Mr. Devonshire, an independent director, was selected as the Chairman of the Board. During the period that Steven Lesnik, who had served as independent Chairman of the Board since March 2008, also served as President and Chief Executive Officer (October 2011 through April 2013), Ms. Thornton served as Lead Independent Director of the Board.
The Board oversees risk management both through the Companys enterprise risk management process and the internal audit function. In 2007, the Companys Risk Committee was established. Currently, the Chief Executive Officer serves as the Chair of the Companys Risk Committee, and the other members of the Companys Risk Committee include the following Company officers: Chief Financial Officer, General Counsel, Chief Compliance Officer, Chief Internal Auditor, Chief University Education Officer, Chief Career Schools Officer, Chief Information Officer, Chief External Affairs Officer and Chief Human Resources Officer. The Risk Committee is intended to meet quarterly to review enterprise-wide, business-unit specific and other discrete topic risk surveys and assessments. The Committee then utilizes the survey results to identify and prioritize the Companys top risks, and develop implementation plans to manage the risks. The Risk Committee reports quarterly to the Audit Committee regarding identified enterprise risks, risk assessment and mitigation, effectiveness of risk management and related matters.
The Chief Internal Auditor reports directly to the Audit Committee of the Board. The Companys Internal Audit function prepares both annual and three-year audit plans identifying specific audit activities, scope and prioritization. These audit plans are developed utilizing the enterprise risk management survey results, the COSO framework for internal controls and the IT Governance Institutes COBIT framework and are linked to the Companys annual business plan.
Committees of the Board of Directors
The Board of Directors has established a standing Audit Committee, Compensation Committee, Compliance Committee and Nominating and Governance Committee, each composed entirely of directors who are independent, as defined in the NASDAQ listing standards. Each Committee has a written charter that is posted on our website, www.careered.com, under the caption Investor Relations. Each Committee reports to the full Board of Directors regarding carrying out the Committee responsibilities set forth in its charter. In 2013, the Audit Committee held nine meetings, the Compensation Committee held nine meetings, the Compliance Committee held four meetings, and the Nominating and Governance Committee held four meetings.
The current Committee assignments of the independent directors are shown in the following table:
Director |
Audit | Compensation | Compliance | Nominating and Governance | ||||
Louis E. Caldera |
X | X | ||||||
Dennis H. Chookaszian |
X (Chairperson) | X | X | |||||
David W. Devonshire (1) |
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Patrick W. Gross |
X (Chairperson) | X | X | |||||
Gregory L. Jackson |
X | X | ||||||
Thomas B. Lally |
X | X (Chairperson) | ||||||
Ronald D. McCray |
X | X | ||||||
Leslie T. Thornton |
X (Chairperson) | X |
(1) | Mr. Devonshire currently serves as the Chairman of the Board and is a non-voting participant in each of the Boards Committees. |
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In addition to the four standing Committees of the Board, in May 2013 the Board, in furtherance of its fiduciary duties and corporate governance responsibilities, established a special committee comprised of independent directors Messrs. Caldera and McCray to work with Company and outside counsel on matters relating to a potential settlement of the Companys derivative related litigation matters in which certain current and former Board members and officers were named as individual defendants and the Company is named as a nominal defendant (the Special Committee). The Special Committee engaged in a thorough analysis of these litigation matters and approved a settlement on behalf of the Company with the assistance of Company counsel and outside counsel. The Special Committee met seven times in 2013. The Special Committee was dissolved in February 2014.
Audit Committee
The Audit Committee, among other of its responsibilities:
| Oversees our accounting and financial reporting processes, audits of our financial statements, the internal audit department, qualitative aspects of financial reporting to stockholders, related-party transactions and the Companys processes to manage business and financial risk. |
| Retains and oversees our independent registered public accounting firm, including reviewing its independence. |
| Pre-approves all audit services and permissible non-audit services. |
The Audit Committee is composed solely of directors who meet all of the independence standards for audit committee members as set forth in the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act), and NASDAQ listing standards. After reviewing the qualifications of the Audit Committees members, and any relationships they have with CEC that might affect their independence from CEC, the Board of Directors has determined that (1) all current members of the Audit Committee are independent as that concept is defined in Section 10A of the Exchange Act and as defined in the NASDAQ listing standards, (2) all current members of the Audit Committee are financially literate, and (3) Mr. Chookaszian qualifies as an audit committee financial expert under the applicable rules promulgated under the Exchange Act.
Compensation Committee
The Compensation Committee, among other of its responsibilities:
| Establishes and reviews the overall compensation philosophy of the Company. |
| Reviews the corporate goals and objectives relevant to Chief Executive Officer compensation; evaluates the Chief Executive Officers performance in light of those goals and objectives; and recommends to the full Board the Chief Executive Officers compensation level based on this evaluation. |
| Reviews and approves the compensation of each of our other executive officers, based, in part, upon recommendations from the President and Chief Executive Officer. |
| Administers the Companys incentive compensation plans. |
| Approves and evaluates all compensation plans, policies and programs as they affect the executive officers, except for broad-based welfare, retirement and other benefit plans, policies and programs applicable to employees generally (the responsibility for which has been delegated to the Companys Employee Benefits Committee). |
See Executive Officers and Executive CompensationCompensation Discussion and Analysis and Report of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors below.
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The Compensation Committee is composed solely of directors who meet all of the independence standards for compensation committee members as set forth in the Exchange Act and NASDAQ listing standards. After reviewing any relationships the Compensation Committee members have with CEC that might affect their independence from CEC, the Board of Directors has determined that all current members of the Compensation Committee are independent as that concept is defined by Rule 10C-1 under the Exchange Act and as defined in the NASDAQ listing standards.
Delegation of Authority. The Compensation Committee Charter specifies that the President and Chief Executive Officer establishes incentive awards, termination arrangements and salary levels for officers other than our executive officers; the President and Chief Executive Officer provides periodic reports to the Compensation Committee on these matters.
The Career Education Corporation 2008 Incentive Compensation Plan (the 2008 Plan) authorizes the Compensation Committee to delegate authority to our President and Chief Executive Officer or Chief Financial Officer to grant equity awards within certain limitations. The Compensation Committee cannot delegate its authority for grants to our executive officers, to covered employees (generally the most highly compensated employees of the Company) within the meaning of Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code), to persons subject to Section 16 of the Exchange Act, and for awards intended to qualify as performance-based compensation under Section 162(m). The Compensation Committees guidelines for equity awards allow our President and Chief Executive Officer to make stock grants to new employees and existing employees (except those who are executive officers under Section 16 of the Exchange Act) of up to 100,000 shares of restricted stock or restricted stock units and up to 100,000 shares in the form of stock options during any 12-month period, with no individual award to exceed 50,000 shares.
The Compensation Committee and the Board also have established the Career Education Corporation Employee Benefits Committee to administer our health and welfare plans, our Employee Stock Purchase Plan (a Section 423 plan under the Code), our 401(k) plan and general employee benefits plans and programs (but excluding any plans or programs affecting solely our executive officer group). The Employee Benefits Committee is composed of four senior executives, who are our Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, the Senior Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer, the Senior Vice President of Tax and Risk Management, and the Senior Vice President and General Counsel. This Committee reports its activities and actions to the Compensation Committee on a quarterly basis.
Role of Executive Officer. The Chief Human Resources Officer, Chief Financial Officer and General Counsel generally attend each meeting of the Compensation Committee (except for its executive sessions without management present) to provide input regarding senior managements view on our overall compensation programs, to provide feedback from key management on the forms of compensation and whether specific forms of compensation and specific performance measures and targets provide appropriate incentives for desired goals and objectives, and to provide the Compensation Committee with data concerning each executives experience, compensation and promotion history, development and other materials necessary or useful to the Compensation Committees deliberations. The President and Chief Executive Officer attends the majority of the Compensation Committees meetings (except for its executive sessions without management present) and submits recommendations to the Compensation Committee concerning performance and pay for the executive officers, excluding himself. As noted above, the President and Chief Executive Officer establishes incentive awards, termination arrangements and compensation levels for Company officers other than the executive officers.
Role of Compensation Consultants and Compensation Consultant Conflicts of Interest. As further described below in Compensation Discussion and Analysis, the Compensation Committee has retained Frederic W. Cook & Company, Inc. (Cook), an independent compensation and benefits consulting firm, to assist the Compensation Committee on executive compensation matters. Cook representatives attend most meetings of the Compensation Committee, including certain executive sessions without management present; advise the Compensation Committee on compensation trends and practices; prepare competitive market reviews
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on executive compensation levels; provide analyses and data compilations regarding executive compensation; and advise on executive pay recommendations for our executive officers.
The Compensation Committee has adopted a policy requiring its compensation consultant to be independent of Company management. The policy requires that the independent consultant:
| Be retained and terminated by the Compensation Committee. |
| Report solely to the Compensation Committee. |
| Be independent of the Company. |
| Not provide any service or undertake any work for the Company other than that performed for the Compensation Committee, and as may from time to time be authorized by the Compensation Committee at the request of the Nominating and Governance Committee of the Board of Directors. |
| Not provide any unrelated services or products to the Company and its affiliates or management, except as allowed under the rules and regulations of the SEC and of any national stock exchange on which securities of the Company are listed. |
The Compensation Committee performs a periodic assessment of its consultants independence in which it considers the nature and amount of work performed during the year, the nature of any unrelated services performed for the Company, the amount of fees paid for those services in relation to the firms total revenues, the consultants policies and procedures designed to prevent conflicts of interest, any business or personal relationships between the consultant and any Compensation Committee member or executive officer, and the amount of Company stock owned by the consultants working for the Company. The consultant also periodically prepares a letter for the Compensation Committee providing appropriate assurances and confirmation of the consultants independent status. In 2013, Cook did not provide any services to the Company beyond its role as independent consultant to the Committee. The Compensation Committee determined that the work of Cook as compensation consultant to the Committee does not raise any conflict of interest.
Management retained the services of the executive compensation practice of Towers Watson during 2012 to assist in the review and design of a 2012 cash-based retention program and the short-term and long-term incentive programs for 2013. Towers Watson met with various members of management during the course of the project in 2012 and early 2013, and attended two compensation committee meetings in 2012. Towers Watson provided thought leadership, subject matter expertise and overviews of market practices. Towers Watson also provided benefits consulting through August 2013 as part of a three-year consulting services agreement, and the Company annually purchases from Towers Watson market data that is available through compensation surveys generally available to other companies. Management and the Compensation Committee reviewed factors relating to the independence of Towers Watson in 2013, including those noted in the paragraph above, and Towers Watson prepared a letter for the Compensation Committee providing information with respect to these factors. Management determined that the work of Towers Watson as compensation consultant to management does not raise any conflict of interest.
Compliance Committee
The Compliance Committee oversees our policies, programs and procedures to ensure compliance with applicable laws, regulations and the Companys policies and advises the Board on the status of our compliance programs and ongoing developments relating to compliance matters, including education regulatory matters. In particular, the Compliance Committee is responsible for reviewing significant compliance risk areas and the steps the Companys corporate compliance department has taken to monitor, control and report compliance risk exposures. The Compliance Committees area of responsibility also includes monitoring the effectiveness of, and recommending improvements to, the Companys compliance program and reviewing the effectiveness of the Companys system for monitoring compliance with laws and regulations relating to the administration of student financial aid and related matters. Further, the Compliance Committee is responsible for monitoring compliance
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with the Companys codes of conduct and ethics, reporting compliance issues that may have significant financial implications for the Company that may be relevant to matters which the Audit Committee considers under its purview and monitoring procedures for the receipt, retention and treatment of complaints received by the Company regarding compliance matters.
Nominating and Governance Committee
The Nominating and Governance Committee identifies candidates who are eligible to serve as directors under the qualification standards set forth in our Corporate Governance Guidelines; reviews the size and structure of the Board, including the independence of the directors; recommends the structure and membership of other Board Committees to the Board of Directors; and considers corporate governance matters and periodically recommends corporate governance principles to the Board. The Nominating and Governance Committee also reviews potential conflicts of interest of prospective Board members, reviews and recommends to the Board the compensation and benefits of directors and takes the steps it deems necessary or appropriate regarding the oversight and evaluation of the Board and each Board Committee.
Direct Independence
Our Corporate Governance Guidelines require that a majority of the Board consist of non-employee independent directors as defined under NASDAQs listing standards and any other applicable laws or regulations.
Nominating Procedures and Director Qualifications
Our Sixth Amended and Restated By-Laws address the director nominee selection process and our Corporate Governance Guidelines address director qualifications.
The Nominating and Governance Committee considers candidates for the Board from any reasonable source, including stockholder and Board recommendations. The Nominating and Governance Committee does not evaluate candidates differently based on who has proposed the candidate. The Nominating and Governance Committee has the authority under its charter to hire and pay a fee to consultants or search firms to assist in the process of identifying and evaluating director candidates. In 2012, the Nominating and Governance Committee engaged a search firm to assist with identifying potential candidates to fill vacancies on the Board, and these services facilitated the appointment of Ronald McCray and Louis Caldera to the Board effective November 13, 2012 and March 19, 2013, respectively. The Board used the services of an executive search firm in connection with its search for a Chief Executive Officer, which led to the hiring of Scott Steffey as President and Chief Executive Officer in April 2013. Mr. Steffey was also elected as a member of the Board in May 2013. The Nominating and Governance Committee recommends candidates for nomination to the Board of Directors.
Stockholders who wish to suggest qualified director candidates for consideration by the Nominating and Governance Committee should write to the Corporate Secretary, Career Education Corporation, 231 North Martingale Road, Schaumburg, Illinois 60173 specifying the name of the candidate and stating in detail the persons qualifications. A written statement from the candidate, consenting to be named as a candidate and to serve as a director if nominated and elected, should accompany the recommendation. Stockholders who wish to nominate a director for election at an annual meeting of the stockholders of the Company must comply with the Companys By-Laws regarding stockholder proposals and nominations. See Other InformationProposals of Stockholders contained in this Proxy Statement.
The Nominating and Governance Committee considers the entirety of each candidates credentials and does not have any specific minimum qualifications that must be met by a nominee recommended by the Nominating and Governance Committee or by a stockholder. The Nominating and Governance Committee believes that each
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member of the Board should have the highest character and integrity, a reputation for working constructively with others, sufficient time to devote to Board matters and no conflict of interest that would interfere with his or her performance as a director. In evaluating and selecting new directors, the Nominating and Governance Committee considers whether the candidate meets the definition of independent director as specified in NASDAQs listing standards, as well as such candidates strength of character, mature judgment, career specialization, relevant technical skills, diversity and the extent to which the candidate would fill a present need for the Board. The Nominating and Governance Committee has sought candidates with diverse backgrounds and experience in academia, government regulation of postsecondary education, investing, accounting, finance and public companies to provide the Board with informed perspectives on the complex business and regulatory environment in which the Company operates, and has established both race and gender diversity on the Board. In the case of a current director being considered for re-nomination, the Nominating and Governance Committee also takes into consideration the directors history of meeting attendance, tenure and preparation for and participation at Board and Board Committee meetings.
Specific Qualifications, Attributes and Skills Our Directors Bring to the Board
Over the past several years, Congress, the President, the Department of Education, states, accrediting agencies and the media have increased their scrutiny of the private sector higher education industry which has resulted in adverse publicity for the sector. Various Congressional hearings and roundtable discussions have been held, beginning in June 2010, by the U.S. Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions (the HELP Committee) and other Congressional members and committees regarding various aspects of the education industry. In addition, various members of Congress have proposed legislation that if adopted would affect our business. All of these activities may lead to adverse legislation, additional Department of Education, state or accrediting agency regulations, additional negative media coverage or further federal or other investigations of the private sector higher education industry. Throughout 2013, we continued to focus on the challenges that face the industry, including extended student decision making cycle time, increased competition across the industry and the continued uncertain regulatory climate. The attributes, skills and experience that our Board members bring to the Company must support the Companys strategies and actions necessary in dealing with these regulatory and economic uncertainties.
The discussion below describes the key experiences, qualifications, attributes and skills that led the Nominating and Governance Committee to the conclusion that the director nominees are qualified to serve as directors of the Company at this time. However, this summary is not meant to be a complete description of all of the skills and attributes of the director nominees. Additional details on our individual director nominees are presented in their biographies in Items to be Voted OnProposal 1: Election of Directors below.
Educational Services and Related Legal and Regulatory Experience. The Company offers a comprehensive array of educational programs and operates in a highly regulated environment. Directors with experience in education and its regulation bring vital experience in understanding regulatory oversight and how it affects academics and operations. They can assist the Board (a) in identifying trends that may impact the Companys operations, services or business model, (b) in developing compliance models and (c) in delivering academic services.
Strategic Planning and Growth Initiatives. The Company has a diversified mix of educational offerings. The schools and universities that are part of the Company provide a variety of career-oriented disciplines through online, on-ground and hybrid learning program offerings. We serve students from campuses throughout the United States, offering doctoral, masters, bachelors and associate degrees and diploma and certificate programs. Directors with experience in strategic planning for large organizations help the Board to oversee the Companys strategic planning process through identifying growth and other objectives; defining imperatives in compliance, service delivery and other areas; assessing the appropriate business models for our schools; and analyzing other critical strategic issues for the Company.
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Investment Management and Other Financial Expertise. The Boards strategic planning oversight extends to reviewing and providing input on the Companys annual and multi-year business plans. Those directors with experience in analyzing businesses and developing investment strategies from the investors perspective assist the Board in evaluating and establishing the Companys business plans with the objective of creating value for stockholders.
Directors with experience in financial accounting and reporting, particularly for public companies, bring to the Board the financial expertise and financial literacy required to assist the Board in fulfilling its responsibility for oversight of the quality and integrity of the accounting, auditing, financial reporting and internal control practices of the Company.
Marketing. The Companys business model has historically been highly dependent on brand management and direct marketing, much in the manner that consumer companies market goods and services. Like other companies in the postsecondary education sector, the Companys marketing programs are subject to extensive federal, state and local legislation, regulation and scrutiny. Directors with marketing expertise assist the Board in evaluating the Companys marketing and brand management programs, in assessing alternative marketing approaches, in reviewing the impacts of regulatory requirements on our marketing efforts and approach, and applying similar considerations critical to the business models utilized to create organic growth of the Company.
Governance. In discharging its duties, the Board is cognizant of its corporate governance responsibilities across numerous areas from its self-organization, director nomination process, executive compensation, stockholders and other matters. Directors who gain expertise in corporate governance trends from their other public company boards or other activities assist the Board in early identification of and decision-making on corporate governance matters.
Board Skills Matrix. The table below summarizes the specific qualifications, attributes and skills that led the Nominating and Governance Committee to the conclusion that the director nominees are qualified to serve as directors of the Company at this time. This summary, however, is not meant to be a complete description of all of the skills and attributes of the director nominees. Additional details on our individual director nominees are presented in their biographies; see Items to be Voted OnProposal 1: Election of Directors below. An X indicates that the required expertise is a specific factor considered in nominating the individual to serve on the Board and, for incumbent Board members, is a specific area of focus or expertise on which the Board relies. Lack of an X does not mean that the director nominee does not possess the identified expertise.
Board of Directors | ||||||||||||||||||
Required Expertise | Louis Caldera |
Dennis Chookaszian |
David Devonshire |
Patrick Gross |
Gregory Jackson |
Thomas Lally |
Ronald McCray |
Scott Steffey |
Leslie Thornton | |||||||||
Educational Services and Related Legal and Regulatory Experience | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||||
Strategic Planning and Growth Initiatives | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||
Investment Management and Other Financial Expertise | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | |||||||||||
Marketing | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||||
Governance | x | x | x | x | x |
Transactions with Related Persons
The Board of Directors and the Company have established certain policies and procedures regarding review and approval of activities involving related-person transactions as defined under applicable SEC regulations.
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Related persons include anyone who is, or has been since the beginning of the last fiscal year, a director or director nominee, an executive officer, a stockholder owning 5% or more of our outstanding common stock, and any immediate family member or associate of any of these persons. A persons immediate family includes his or her spouse, parents, step-parents, children, step-children, brothers and sisters, mothers- and fathers-in-law, sons- and daughters-in-law, brothers- and sisters-in-law, and anyone (other than a tenant or employee) sharing the persons home. A persons associates include (a) any corporation or organization (other than the Company or its subsidiaries) of which the person is an officer or partner, or is directly or indirectly the beneficial owner of 10% or more of any class of equity securities; (b) any trust or other estate in which the person has a substantial beneficial interest or serves as trustee or in a similar fiduciary capacity; and (c) any member of the persons immediate family who has the same home as the person or who is a director or officer of the Company or any of its subsidiaries.
As stated in the Audit Committee charter, the Board has delegated to the Audit Committee the responsibility to review, approve or ratify any transactions with related persons required to be reported in the Companys periodic reports with the SEC to determine if each transaction is in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders and is consistent with applicable legal or regulatory requirements. The Audit Committee meets quarterly with our internal audit department members to review the results of their monitoring of compliance with the Companys Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (which applies to directors as well as all employees) and the Code of Ethics for Executive Officers. Monitoring procedures include the Companys EthicsMatters Hotline for anonymous reporting of suspected violations of those Codes and entity level testing of key controls in connection with internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures.
As discussed above, the Companys Conflicts of Interest Policy, which is included in the Companys Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, sets forth what business conduct, interests or arrangements of its employees may be improper, and what employees must do to bring any opportunity covered by the Conflicts of Interest Policy to the attention of the Company. See Corporate Governance Guidelines and Ethics Codes above for further description of this policy.
In accordance with the Nominating and Governance Committee charter, the Boards Nominating and Governance Committee reviews the independence of and any possible conflicts of interest of directors and director nominees. The Nominating and Governance Committee performs this review at least annually in connection with information gathered from Directors and Officers Questionnaires and the director nominee selection process. Directors are required to disclose potential and existing related-party transactions in completing the questionnaire. Directors are also expected to disclose all potential related-party transactions to the Audit Committee and to the Board of Directors in compliance with the Audit Committees responsibilities regarding review of related-person transactions. Corporate legal and accounting staff also review all purchases, sales or other financial transactions between CEC and each outside director or nominee, and between CEC and any entity and affiliates of which a director or nominee is an employee, director, or trustee. Based on these reviews, there have been no related-party transactions which would require disclosure in this Proxy Statement, nor are we aware of any business or other relationship that, in the opinion of the Board of Directors, would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director.
Communications with the Board of Directors
Stockholders or other interested parties may communicate with the Board of Directors by sending a letter to the Board of Directors, c/o Corporate Secretary, Career Education Corporation, 231 North Martingale Road, Schaumburg, Illinois 60173. The Corporate Secretary will receive the correspondence and forward it to the director or directors to whom the communication is addressed. From time to time, the Board of Directors may change the process by which stockholders may communicate with the Board or its members. Please refer to our website, www.careered.com, under the captions Investor Relations-Corporate Governance for any changes in this process.
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For 2013, each non-employee director other than the Chairman of the Board received an annual retainer of $75,000, payable in quarterly installments. A non-employee Chairman of the Board receives an annual retainer of $150,000, payable in quarterly installments. Each non-employee director who serves as a Board Committee chairperson also receives an additional annual retainer of $15,000, payable in quarterly installments. An individual meeting fee of $1,000 will be paid to the non-employee directors, including a non-employee Chairman of the Board, for each Board and Committee meeting commencing with the 13th such Board or 13th such Committee meeting in the 12-month period following the annual meeting of the Companys stockholders. The final quarterly payment with respect to a calendar year is contingent on the director having attended at least 75% of the aggregate of the total number of Board meetings (held during the portion of the year for which such individual has been a director) plus the total number of meetings held by all Committees of the Board on which such person served (during the portion of the year that the person served on such Committee). In the event the director has not achieved such attendance level, the director will forfeit the entire amount of the final quarterly retainer payment. This forfeiture provision does not apply to (1) Board or Committee meeting fees payable when the Board or Committee holds 13 or more meetings during the 12-month period following the annual meeting of the Companys stockholders, or (2) equity awards (described below).
Additional compensation was approved for members of the Special Committee established in May 2013 to work with counsel on matters relating to a proposed settlement of the Companys derivative litigation matters. An annual fee of $20,000 payable in quarterly installments and a $1,000 per meeting fee for every meeting beyond three occurring within a calendar quarter applied to Messrs. Caldera and McCray during the time they served as members of the Special Committee.
All non-employee directors are reimbursed for their reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in attending Board of Directors and Committee meetings and associated with Board or Committee responsibilities.
In addition, each non-employee director receives an annual grant of stock options under the 2008 Plan on the date of our Annual Meeting of Stockholders, and new directors who join the Board during the year receive a pro rata equity award for their partial year of service. For the 2013-2014 director term, each non-employee director was granted stock options to purchase 16,000 shares of our common stock at the closing price of the common stock on NASDAQ on May 14, 2013, and Messrs. Caldera and McCray received additional options for their partial year service during the prior term. One-fourth of the options granted to each non-employee director vest on each of the grant date and the three successive anniversaries of the grant date, subject to continued Board service on each vesting date. Vested options are exercisable for ten years from the grant date unless a director ceases Board service, in which event early termination provisions apply.
The Nominating and Governance Committee has the responsibility to review non-employee director compensation on a periodic basis and to recommend changes to the Board of Directors. It is anticipated that revisions to the Companys director compensation program will be effective for the 2014-2015 director term.
Mr. Lesnik served as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company from October 31, 2011 through April 7, 2013. During his service as President and Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Lesnik did not receive any additional compensation as Chairman or as a member of the Board. Mr. Steffey, our current President and Chief Executive Officer, is an employee director and therefore does not receive any additional compensation as a member of the Board. The compensation of Messrs. Lesnik and Steffey as President and Chief Executive Officer is addressed under the headings Compensation Discussion and Analysis and Compensation Tables.
Ms. Thornton served as Lead Independent Director of the Board from October 31, 2011 through May 14, 2013 and received additional compensation at a rate of $20,000 per year during her service as Lead Independent Director.
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Commencing January 1, 2010, in accordance with the Non-employee Director Share Accumulation Program, non-employee directors could elect to utilize all or a portion of their annual retainer fee and quarterly meeting fees to acquire shares of Company stock from the Company. These shares are acquired quarterly in arrears. No directors participated in the program in 2013.
Each director is covered by our directors and officers insurance policy and also has an indemnification agreement providing indemnification and advancement of expenses to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law.
The total compensation of our non-employee directors for the year ended December 31, 2013 is shown in the table below.
2013 Director Compensation
Name |
Fees Earned in Cash |
Option Awards(1) |
Total | |||||||||
Louis E. Caldera (2) |
$ | 73,072 | $ | 33,528 | $ | 106,600 | ||||||
Dennis H. Chookaszian (3) |
$ | 96,000 | $ | 28,738 | $ | 124,738 | ||||||
David W. Devonshire (4) |
$ | 128,379 | $ | 28,738 | $ | 157,117 | ||||||
Patrick W. Gross (5) |
$ | 96,000 | $ | 28,738 | $ | 124,738 | ||||||
Gregory L. Jackson (6) |
$ | 81,000 | $ | 28,738 | $ | 109,738 | ||||||
Thomas B. Lally (7) |
$ | 94,000 | $ | 28,738 | $ | 122,738 | ||||||
Ronald D. McCray (8) |
$ | 89,151 | $ | 43,106 | $ | 132,257 | ||||||
Leslie T. Thornton (9) |
$ | 103,366 | $ | 28,738 | $ | 132,104 |
(1) | Amounts were calculated as the aggregate grant date fair value, excluding the effect of estimated forfeitures and utilizing the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification (FASB ASC) Topic 718CompensationStock Compensation. See Note 15 of the notes to the consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013 for information regarding the assumptions used in the valuation of our equity awards. |
(2) | Mr. Caldera was elected as a director on March 19, 2013. As of December 31, 2013, Mr. Caldera held options to purchase 18,667 shares of Company common stock. |
(3) | Chairperson of the Audit Committee. As of December 31, 2013, Mr. Chookaszian held options to purchase 216,000 shares of Company common stock. |
(4) | Mr. Devonshire was elected Chairman of the Board on May 14, 2013. As of December 31, 2013, Mr. Devonshire held options to purchase 138,000 shares of Company common stock. |
(5) | Chairperson of the Compensation Committee. As of December 31, 2013, Mr. Gross held options to purchase 192,000 shares of Company common stock. |
(6) | As of December 31, 2013, Mr. Jackson held options to purchase 120,000 shares of Company common stock. |
(7) | Chairperson of the Nominating and Governance Committee. As of December 31, 2013, Mr. Lally held options to purchase 216,000 shares of Company common stock. |
(8) | As of December 31, 2013, Mr. McCray held options to purchase 24,000 shares of Company common stock. |
(9) | Chairperson of the Compliance Committee and was Lead Independent Director through May 14, 2013. As of December 31, 2013, Ms. Thornton held options to purchase 192,000 shares of Company common stock. |
The Board of Directors expects non-employee directors to be active participants in improving stockholder value by maintaining a predetermined level of ownership of Company common stock. The Board adopted stock
ownership guidelines, effective December 31, 2005, that set the non-employee director ownership target at five
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times the base annual retainer (excluding meeting and Board Committee fees). Non-employee directors at December 31, 2005 were allowed five years, or until December 31, 2010, to reach their stock ownership target. Non-employee directors joining the Board after December 31, 2005 have five years from the date of joining the Board to achieve their ownership target. The guidelines specify that the Chairman of the Board may determine to reduce future levels of stock awards or option grants to those directors not making satisfactory progress towards ownership targets, taking into consideration that extended blackout periods during which directors cannot purchase Company shares on the open market may restrict directors ability to accumulate shares.
The Nominating and Governance Committee Chairman conducts a periodic review of each non-employee directors progress towards the target stock ownership levels and communicates that progress to individual directors. Each of our non-employee directors as of December 31, 2010 met or exceeded such directors applicable stock ownership target as of that date. Due in part to changes made during 2011 to our non-employee director compensation structure, which included an increase in the annual retainer paid to non-employee directors, as well as fluctuations in stock value from 2011 through 2013, none of the non-employee directors have maintained or achieved the applicable stock ownership target as of December 31, 2013. The Nominating and Governance Committee has determined not to take any immediate remedial action. The Board of Directors is revising the terms of these stock ownership guidelines to better correspond with the Companys director compensation structure.
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EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Set forth below is a table identifying our executive officers at April 7, 2014 and their biographies are provided below, except for Scott Steffey, whose biography can be found in Matters to be Voted OnProposal 1: Election of Directors.
Name |
Age | Position | ||||
Jeffrey D. Ayers |
53 | Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary | ||||
Jennifer A. Campe |
48 | Senior Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer | ||||
Lysa A. Clemens |
47 | Senior Vice President and Chief Career Schools Officer | ||||
Jeffrey R. Cooper |
62 | Senior Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer | ||||
Jason T. Friesen |
46 | Senior Vice President and Chief University Education Officer | ||||
Diane Auer Jones |
49 | Senior Vice President and Chief External Affairs Officer | ||||
Colleen M. OSullivan |
46 | Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
The Board of Directors elects our executive officers annually. The executive officers serve at the discretion of the Board of Directors. There are no family relationships among any of the directors or officers of CEC.
Jeffrey D. Ayers has served as Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary since December 2007. Mr. Ayers has extensive experience as a senior legal officer for large public companies operating in complex regulatory and financial environments, with a focus on compliance and transactional matters. From February 2005 until joining the Company, Mr. Ayers was the Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary of NovaStar Financial, Inc., a NYSE-listed mortgage originator, servicer and securitizor, where he had responsibility for all legal, regulatory, compliance and corporate governance issues. From April 2003 to January 2005, Mr. Ayers was Vice President and Associate General Counsel with General Electrics insurance subsidiary, which then had more than $10 billion in annual revenues, where he managed and negotiated domestic and international transactions and corporate financings, and advised on securities law matters, among other responsibilities. From 1999 to 2002, Mr. Ayers was Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary of Aquila Merchant Services, Inc., an NYSE-listed and leading multinational risk merchant, commodity trader and energy infrastructure developer and manager with annual revenues exceeding $25 billion. From 1996 to 1999, Mr. Ayers was managing partner of the London, England office of Husch Blackwell LLP. Mr. Ayers received a Bachelor of Science in computer science and mathematics from Graceland University and a law degree and Master of Business Administration from the University of Iowa.
Jennifer A. Campe has served as Senior Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer since February 2013. Ms. Campe joined the Company in May 2008 as Vice President of Human Resources for the University Education Group, and since that time has been given increasingly more responsibility, taking on HR leadership and oversight of additional business groups, training and organizational development and company-wide admissions training. Prior to joining the Company, Ms. Campe held various human resources leadership roles in diverse industries, including positions at TransUnion, Eziaz (a DSL provider start up company) and 3Com/US Robotics. Ms. Campe holds a Bachelor of Arts in psychology and a Masters of Human Resources from Loyola University.
Lysa A. Clemens joined the Company in June 2013 as Senior Vice President of Strategic Initiatives, and became Senior Vice President and Chief Career Schools Officer in August 2013. Prior to joining the Company, Ms. Clemens was Chief Operations Officer of Synergis Education, which provides marketing, enrollment, accounting and retention services to small private colleges and universities, from 2012 until joining the Company
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and, from 2011 to 2012, of Latimer Education, Inc., which provided expertise and resources to leverage ground-based educational programs into the online marketplace. From 2010 to 2011, Ms. Clemens was Chief Marketing Officer at Whitney International University System, which supports postsecondary education institutions across Latin America by providing capital for expansion, technology, marketing expertise and affiliations with top universities across the Western hemisphere. Ms. Clemens was in various roles at Strayer Education, a private sector provider of higher education, from 2001 to 2010, leading the marketing function and later serving as Executive Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer. In these roles she repositioned the institutions brand for national expansion, oversaw Strayers campus expansion into 15 states and the market introduction of Strayers online programs. Ms. Clemens also spent 11 years at the University of Phoenix, one of the Companys largest competitors, managing the marketing and campus administration functions, introducing the first national brand and advertising strategy and establishing the universitys first incoming lead call center. Ms. Clemens received a Bachelor of Arts in advertising from Arizona State University and a Master of Business Administration from the University of Phoenix.
Jeffrey R. Cooper joined the Company as Senior Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer in February 2014. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Cooper was Chief Compliance Officer at ITT Educational Services, Inc., a provider of accredited, technology-oriented undergraduate and graduate degree programs, a position he held since November 2004 and where he was responsible for overseeing all compliance programs and enterprise risk management for the company and its institutions. Mr. Cooper served as vice president of Great American Financial Resources, Inc. (GAFRI), the annuity and life insurance operations of American Financial Group, from June 1999 through October 2004, and as its Chief Compliance Officer from June 1997 through October 2004. Mr. Cooper received a Bachelor of Arts from Boston University and a law degree from the University of Miami School of Law.
Jason T. Friesen has served in various Senior Vice President positions since joining the Company in November 2007, including his current position as Chief University Education Officer (since July 2012) and prior positions leading the Health Education Group (January 2012 to July 2012), in Finance and Investor Relations (January 2010 to January 2012) and in Finance (November 2007 to January 2010). Mr. Friesen also served as Treasurer from November 2007 to July 2012. Prior to joining the Company, he served in senior finance positions including business unit financial management and financial planning. From November 2003 until joining CEC, Mr. Friesen held leadership positions within finance at Sears, Roebuck & Co. and Sears Holdings Corporation, a NASDAQ-listed Fortune 100 company and one of the nations largest broadline retailers. At Sears, he served as Vice President of Merchandise FinanceHardlines, a business with approximately $20 billion in annual revenue; from March 2006 to August 2007, he was Vice President, FinanceSpecialty Retail; from March 2005 to March 2006, he was Vice PresidentFinancial Planning and Analysis; and from November 2003 through March 2005, he served as Director of Finance, Corporate Finance and Planning. From 2002 to 2003, Mr. Friesen was a Senior Manager at Bearing Point, a consulting firm, and from 1998 to 2002 was a Senior Manager at Arthur Andersen LLP. Mr. Friesen received a Bachelor of Science in business administration from Indiana University and a Master of Business Administration from the University of Chicago. Mr. Friesen is a certified public accountant.
Diane Auer Jones has served in external and regulatory affairs roles since joining the Company in 2010, currently holding the title of Senior Vice President and Chief External Affairs Officer. Before joining the Company, Ms. Jones served from 2007 to 2008 as the Assistant Secretary for Postsecondary Education at the U.S. Department of Education. She also held key policy roles at the White House, on Capitol Hill and at the National Science Foundation having served as the Deputy to the Associate Director for Science at the Office of Science and Technology Policy (2005 to 2007), as a Professional Staffer and Acting Staff Director for the Research Subcommittee of the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Science (2001 to 2002), and as a Program Director in the Education and Human Resources Directorate at NSF (2000 to 2001). Ms. Jones was a biology professor for more than a decade at the Community College of Baltimore County. She also served as the Director of Government Affairs at Princeton University from 2002 to 2005 and was CEO of The Washington Campus, a non-profit organization that serves as the Washington, DC campus for 16 of the nations leading
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graduate schools of business, from 2008 to 2010. Ms. Jones also owned and operated a natural food store and an alternative wellness center from 1991 to 1999 and was a co-owner of an environmental biotechnology company from 1995 to 2001. Ms. Jones received a Bachelor of Science in biology from Salisbury University and a Masters in applied molecular biology from the University of Maryland Baltimore County.
Colleen M. OSullivan has served as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since August 2012, as Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer from July 2008 to August 2012 and as Vice President and Corporate Controller from January 2008 to July 2008. Prior to joining the Company, she held senior positions in the finance and public accounting fields. From August 2007 until joining the Company, Ms. OSullivan was the Vice PresidentFinance at Hewitt Associates, a $3 billion then-public company that is a global human resources outsourcing and consulting firm and from August 2005 to August 2007 was its Assistant Controller. From 2003 to July 2005, Ms. OSullivan held positions of increasing responsibility, most recently as Assistant Controller, with Sears, Roebuck and Co. and Sears Holdings Corporation, a NASDAQ-listed Fortune 100 company and one of the nations largest broadline retailers with approximately 3,900 full-line and specialty retail stores in the U.S. and Canada. From 2001 to 2002, Ms. OSullivan was an audit partner with Arthur Andersen LLP, at which firm she spent 12 years within the assurance practice. Ms. OSullivan received a Bachelor of Science from the University of Illinois and is a certified public accountant.
Compensation Discussion and Analysis
This compensation discussion and analysis describes how the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors oversees the design and administration of executive compensation programs and how and why the Committee made its compensation decisions relating to 2013 compensation for executive officers, including the named executive officers. For 2013, our named executive officers were:
Name | Title | |
Scott W. Steffey |
President and Chief Executive Officer | |
Colleen M. OSullivan |
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | |
Jeffrey D. Ayers |
Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary | |
Lysa A. Clemens |
Senior Vice President and Chief Career Schools Officer | |
Jason T. Friesen |
Senior Vice President and Chief University Education Officer | |
Steven H. Lesnik |
Former Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer | |
Daniel J. Hurdle |
Former Senior Vice President and Chief Career Schools Officer |
This discussion is divided into the following sections:
I. | Executive Summary |
II. | Compensation Philosophy and Objectives |
III. | Setting Executive Compensation Consistent with the Companys Compensation Philosophy |
IV. | Competitive Positioning |
V. | 2013 Compensation Decisions |
VI. | Other Compensation and Benefits |
VII. | Regulatory Considerations |
VIII. | Corporate Governance |
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I. Executive Summary
Our compensation package for executive officers has generally consisted of a base salary, an annual performance-based incentive award payable in cash, and a long-term incentive award(s) granted in the form of cash and equity. The Committee has selected these components as they align our executives interests with those of our long-term stockholders and motivate our executives to achieve the Companys operational and strategic goals.
Business Environment
Throughout 2013, we made significant progress in the turnaround of our organization despite a challenging market for our industry. The success of our students remains at the forefront of our strategy of Enroll, Educate and Place our students. Our efforts to return our organization to financial stability are aligned with student success.
In 2013 the Company has made meaningful and positive change. Examples of some of the significant business changes and other highlights during 2013 include:
| Hiring a new President and CEO, Scott Steffey, to lead the organization. Mr. Steffey joined the organization in April 2013. Mr. Steffeys career includes leadership roles spanning the education spectrum as well as senior posts at both publicly- and privately-held businesses. Most notably, he served as Executive Vice President & Chief Operating Officer (COO) of Strayer Education, Inc., the Chairman of the Board of Trustees of Strayer University and the Vice Chancellor of The State University of New York (SUNY). In his role as COO, Mr. Steffey was a hands-on force in driving operational excellence and efficiency, academic integrity and accountability, innovative online learning and prudent enrollment growth. Mr. Steffey was the senior operating officer for much of his tenure at SUNY, at the time the largest non-profit, unified system of postsecondary education in the United States. He helped lead a transformation of the SUNY system, resulting in greater academic quality and achievement at its campuses, significant enrollment growth, revenue growth, expense containment, and a large capital re-investment in its campus infrastructure. Most recently, Steffey was Founder and President of Symposium Ventures, a private equity firm serving private sector and nonprofit education institutions. |
| Hiring a new executive, Lysa Clemens, to lead the Career Schools group which was inclusive of our Culinary Arts, Design and Technology, and Health Education business segments at that time. Ms. Clemens joined the organization in June 2013 and has many years of experience with other private sector higher education companies. |
| Launching of intellipathTM, Career Educations adaptive learning technology which delivers data-driven personalized learning by harnessing the power of a sophisticated analytical engine and rich faculty-developed content. Intellipaths revolutionary new analytical engine conducts continual, real-time assessments of student knowledge and skills based on sophisticated learning maps designed by faculty to align with the academic courses and programs of Career Educations schools. The technology is expected to increase rates of passing grades, decreased student withdrawals, and improved persistence and retention. |
| Completing the sale and transfer of control of our International Segment on December 3, 2013, which consisted of our INSEEC schools and the International University of Monaco located in France and Monaco, respectively. This sale reflects our strategy to redeploy our assets to rebuild our domestic educational institutions and improve our options for accelerating growth. The total consideration for the International Segment pursuant to the Purchase Agreement was $305.0 million, less certain distributions and adjustments prior to closing, which resulted in a cash payment of $276.5 million received at closing. |
| We took a number of steps to improve operational efficiencies, including the reorganization of our Health Education and Design & Technology segments. We laid the groundwork to begin merging the |
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nationally accredited institutions within Health Education and Design & Technology to broaden program offerings and reduce the number of educational brands we are supporting. This consolidation will provide more options for our students and allow our career colleges to better adjust to the ebb and flow of local and national market needs. Additionally, operational efficiencies will result through alignment of academic calendars, market strategy efficiency and simplification of the organization and regulatory structure of these schools. |
| Continuing to focus the Company on renewing relationships with our various accreditors and regulators and on realigning our schools for long-term success by refining our program offerings, bolstering technical innovation, and simplifying our organization. |
| We made progress in resolving a number of our regulatory and legal matters. We reached an agreement with the New York Attorney Generals office for $10.5 million and also settled the shareholder derivative and securities litigation which is expected to be primarily funded through insurance proceeds. On January 24, 2014, we accepted a mediators proposal to settle multiple individual lawsuits which are part of the Vasquez matter and recorded an accrual for $15.5 million based on our estimate of the liability. |
Pay Mix
Excellent performance by our named executive officers is essential to achieving our strategic goals and increasing stockholder value. As such, a significant amount of executive pay is weighted towards at-risk variable compensation (annual and long-term incentives). To maximize alignment with stockholder interests, we tie a significant portion of executive pay to Company performance by delivering it in long-term compensation. Each named executive officer has a target total compensation opportunity that is assessed annually by the Compensation Committee to ensure alignment with the Companys compensation objectives and market practice.
The following charts show the target total direct compensation mix for the CEO and other named executive officers as compared to the median of our comparison group which is described in Section IV below. Target total direct compensation is exclusive of one-time special compensation arrangements that are not considered to be ongoing. Actual amounts earned may differ from targeted amounts based on both Company and individual
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performance. Eighty-two percent of CEO target total direct compensation and 64 percent of other named executive officer compensation are variable based on company and individual performance.
Pay for Performance
The Company has designed our compensation programs to align pay with our performance in relation to both the performance of our peers as well as the value we bring to our stockholders. The following chart shows the relationship between the Companys total shareholder return for the past 5 years relative to CEO compensation as reported in the Summary Compensation Table for each respective year. Excluding the sign-on
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bonus awarded to Mr. Steffey in 2013, Career Educations 5-year total shareholder return is aligned with CEO compensation over that same time frame.
2013 Compensation Decision Highlights
Based on the Companys performance, the Committee made the following key compensation decisions for 2013:
Pay Component | Compensation Decision | |
Base Salary |
Forgo increases to base salary | |
Annual Short-term Incentive Program (AIP) |
Participants in corporate or business segments in 2013 that anticipated an operating loss, could not attain a 100 percent payout under the program without significantly overachieving the 2013 operating plan | |
Long-term Incentive Awards |
Reintroduce performance awards, in the form of performance units, which represent 40 percent of the executives long-term incentive award |
2013 Base Salary. Due to overall company performance, the Company decided to forgo increases to base salary with the exception of promotions and new hires.
2013 Annual Incentive Award Program (AIP). The 2013 AIP performance measures were selected to place greater emphasis on profitability (operating income), growth (student population), and student outcomes (student retention and student placement). The Committee calibrated potential executive officer award payouts generally at 50 percent of target award for achievement of the 2013 operating plan, except for Mr. Friesen and certain minimum payouts assured to executive officers joining the Company. Attainment of a 100 percent of target award payout required the Company to achieve performance significantly above the 2013 operating plan. For Mr. Friesen, the Committee calibrated potential award payouts at 100 percent of target award for achievement of the 2013 operating plan due to the performance of the University Schools.
2013 Long-term Incentive Awards. The 2013 long-term incentive awards included three vehicles for our executive officers, including the named executive officers:
| Non-qualified stock options (weighted 30 percent) |
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| Time-based restricted stock units settled in cash (weighted 30 percent) |
| Performance units in the form of a cash-based award (weighted 40 percent) |
The stock options and restricted stock units vest in four equal annual installments provided that the award recipient remains our employee on the date of vesting. The performance units cliff vest after 3 years based on the Companys total shareholder return (TSR) relative to a peer group of 14 publicly traded proprietary education companies. In order to manage the Companys share usage run rate within reasonable competitive norms, the Committee determined to settle the performance units and restricted stock units in cash rather than shares.
Four Year Evolution of Long-term Awards. Over the past four years, the Company has made significant strides to promote alignment of our long-term incentive awards for our named executive officers with the interests of our stockholders. The charts below describe the progress the organization has made to increase the usage of performance based long-term incentives to the named executive officer group, excluding the CEO.
Compensation Package for Newly Hired CEO. As mentioned earlier, the Company hired a new President and CEO in 2013. In order to attract a strong CEO with excellent credentials and industry experience, as well as the ability to navigate the organization through difficult times, the Committee established the following compensation package designed to induce Mr. Steffey to join the Company and to incent him to improve the Companys performance:
| A base salary of $750,000 |
| An annual bonus target of 100 percent of base salary, with a prorated minimum payment equal to 50 percent of target for 2013 |
| Long-term incentive awards structured as follows: |
| stock options and stock appreciation rights with a target value of $780,000 (weighted 30 percent) that vest in four equal annual installments provided Mr. Steffey remains our employee on the date of vesting. |
| cash-settled restricted stock units, with a target value of $780,000 (weighted 30 percent) that vest in four equal annual installments provided Mr. Steffey remains our employee on the date of vesting, subject to attainment of an overall Company revenue target for April 2013 through March 2014 of at least $500 million |
| performance unit with a target value of $1,040,000 (weighted 40 percent) that vests on April 1, 2016 based on the relative TSR of a peer group of 14 publicly traded proprietary education companies |
| A sign-on cash bonus of $2,500,000 which is subject to partial repayment if executive resigns before four years |
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We believe the 2013 compensation arrangements entered into with Mr. Steffey are a reasonable pay package for inducing an external CEO candidate to join the Company, and are responsive to stockholder feedback by incorporating a 3-year performance measure.
Say-on-Pay
At our 2013 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, our Say-on-Pay proposal was approved by approximately 54.5 percent of stockholders voting on the proposal at the meeting. In response to these voting results, we continued our investor outreach efforts, inviting our 25 largest investors, representing approximately 65 percent of our outstanding shares, to engage with management to better understand their concerns about our compensation program. From the investors who accepted our invitation, we heard:
| Pay for performance is critical |
| Focus on comparisons to peers, rather than solely on absolute performance |
| TSR is a good performance measure, but give consideration to operating metrics as well |
| Desire to move away from one-time special grants |
| Desire to have CEO compensation weighted more heavily to long-term performance of the Company |
| Disclosure surrounding how the peer group is selected and how performance targets are set is important |
The Company and the chair of our Compensation Committee also engaged with one of the primary institutional investment advisory firms to discuss our compensation practices.
Feedback from these discussions was shared with the Compensation Committee and was considered in making subsequent decisions regarding executive compensation to strengthen pay for performance and stockholder alignment. As mentioned above and further discussed below, we:
| Maintained a TSR performance measure over three years for our long-term incentive award, and increased the weighting of these awards for our named executive officers in 2014 to comprise one-half the overall value of the long-term incentive awards. |
| Maintained strong operational performance measures for our annual incentive plan, revising them to continue focus on the measures necessary to drive the business forward. |
| Refrained from making special or one-time awards outside of the typical annual cycle, other than new hire awards. |
| Provided robust disclosure in this Proxy Statement surrounding our comparison group and the establishment of our performance measures. |
We are committed to the interests of our stockholders and the delivery of stockholder value through sustainable growth, and we will continue to consider the outcome of the Companys Say-on-Pay proposal and stockholder feedback when making further compensation decisions for our named executive officers.
2014 Compensation Decision Highlights
The Committee conducted a full review of our base salary, AIP and long-term incentive programs to ensure continued alignment with stockholder interests, while endeavoring to move certain named executive officers closer to the market median. The Committee determined to make the following changes for 2014 named executive officer compensation, other than Mr. Steffey who is addressed below.
| Base salary increases were awarded to only three named officers effective March 1, 2014. These increases were awarded consistent with the Companys overall compensation philosophy to align named executive officer total direct compensation with the market median, unless a strategic rationale |
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exists to pay outside of that range. The chart below details the base salary increases as well as the peer group competitive consensus for the roles: |
Named Executive Officer |
Current Base Salary |
Base Salary Effective 3/1/2014 |
Increase Percent |
Peer Competitive Consensus |
||||||||||||
Colleen M. OSullivan |
$ | 355,000 | $ | 380,000 | 7 | % | $ | 422,000 | ||||||||
Lysa A. Clemens |
$ | 310,000 | $ | 390,500 | 26 | % | $ | 433,000 | ||||||||
Jason T. Friesen |
$ | 355,000 | $ | 400,000 | 13 | % | $ | 433,000 |
| 2014 AIP targets will be held constant year-over-year for all named executive officers except Ms. Clemens. Ms. Clemens AIP target will increase from 50 percent to 60 percent based on her promotion to Senior Vice President and Chief Career Schools Officer in August 2013. |
| The 2014 AIP was redesigned to align with our 2014 operating plan and includes measures for Profitability (revenue and expense management), Enroll and Educate (student population), Place (student completion and placement) and individual performance. For 2014, the Company decided to decouple the Profitability component to include measures for both revenue and expense management rather than the use of operating income as in previous years. We feel this distinction allows our business leaders to make more prudent decisions related to investments to support business growth. Performance targets were set for each of these measures based on our operating plan or, in the case of student completion and placement rates, year-over-year improvement. Payout for performance above and below these targets is clearly defined. Again for 2014, for named executive officers except Mr. Friesen, achievement of the operating plan generally produces a 50 percent of target award payout under the plan; target payouts (100 percent) require the Company to achieve performance above the 2014 operating plan. Due to the continued performance of the University Schools, achievement of the 2014 operating plan produces a 100 percent of target award payout for Mr. Friesen. |
| 2014 long-term incentive award targets will also be held constant year-over-year for all named executive officers except Ms. Clemens. Ms. Clemens long-term target will increase from 100 percent to 125 percent of base salary based on her promotion to Senior Vice President and Chief Career Schools Officer. For 2014 only, the Committee also approved a one-time increase in value of the long-term incentive awards for Ms. OSullivan, Ms. Clemens and Mr. Friesen equal to 175 percent, 150 percent and 188 percent of base salary, respectively. During their annual review of total direct compensation for the named executive officers, the Committee determined that this one-time increase in value was appropriate considering these individuals were below the market median pay while significantly contributing to the turnaround of the Company. |
| The 2014 long-term incentive awards tie a larger portion of each named executive officers award to Company performance. The 2014 long-term incentive awards include three vehicles for our executive officers, including the named executive officers: stock options (weighted 30 percent), time-based restricted stock units to be settled in stock (weighted 20 percent) and a cash performance-based award (weighted 50 percent). For the cash performance-based awards, TSR will continue as the sole performance measure with a three-year performance period. This award program clearly aligns with stockholder interests. The Committee again determined to settle the performance units as well as restricted stock units granted to non-executive officer participants in cash rather than shares in order to manage the Companys share usage run rate within reasonable competitive norms. |
2014 Compensation Package for CEO. Based on the movement made in fiscal year 2013 towards the turnaround of the Company, the Committee determined to recognize the positive developments by increasing Mr. Steffeys target total direct compensation for fiscal year 2014 by 17 percent, from $4.1 million to $4.8 million. This was accomplished by increasing Mr. Steffeys base pay to $850,000, increasing his target AIP opportunity from 100 percent to 110 percent of his base salary, and increasing his target long-term incentive value from $2.6 million to $3.0 million. Mr. Steffeys 2014 AIP payment will be based (i) 50 percent on revenue
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and expense management performance measures (the 2014 AIP Profitability performance measures applicable to the Companys other executive officers), and (ii) 50 percent on regulatory, company performance and subjective goals to be established by the Committee for Mr. Steffey. Consistent with other executive officers, Mr. Steffeys long-term incentive awards were weighted 30 percent in stock options, 20 percent in restricted stock units to be settled in stock and 50 percent in a cash performance-based award. The terms of these awards are consistent with those made to the other executive officers of the Company, except that the vesting of Mr. Steffeys restricted stock units is subject to achievement of a 2014 Company revenue performance measure in addition to the service vesting requirements applicable to the other executive officers.
Compensation Best Practices
The Companys compensation programs further align with the interests of our stockholders through the following actions and policies:
| No excessive change in control severance. |
| No tax gross-ups, except in the case of tax reimbursement related to certain relocation expenses. |
| No reload, repricing or options issued at discount. Options issued will not be repriced, replaced or migrated through cancellation or by lowering the option price of a previously granted award. |
| No special benefits or perquisites other than executive physicals. |
| Ability to clawback certain annual and long-term performance-based incentive compensation from executive officers. |
| Stock options are priced at date of grant. |
| No hedging or pledging of Company stock. |
| Double trigger change-in-control provisions for both cash and equity awards under the 2008 Plan. |
| Stock ownership guidelines for all named executive officers. |
| Compensation Committee uses an outside independent compensation consulting firm who does not consult on any other matters for the Company. |
| Annual review of peer group market data by the Compensation Committee when making executive compensation decisions. |
II. Compensation Philosophy and Objectives
The Companys philosophy is that compensation should reflect the Companys and the individuals performance, be well-aligned with the interests of stockholders, and that upside and downside compensation potential should exist based on the Companys performance against pre-defined objectives. Accordingly, the Committee has designed the executive compensation program to achieve five principal objectives:
| To attract and retain talented executives by providing compensation competitive with that of other executives of similarly-sized companies with similar complexity; |
| To reward executives for strong financial and operational performance by linking compensation to actual business results; |
| To differentiate and reward individual performance in the context of Company performance; |
| To align executives with the long-term interests of stockholders by providing a portion of total compensation in the form of stock-based incentives and by setting target levels of stock ownership; and |
| To encourage long-term commitment to the Company. |
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The Committee used these principles to establish the use and purpose of each of the following compensation components:
Component | Purpose | Link to Performance | ||
Base Salary | Provides a competitive level of fixed compensation needed to attract and retain talented executives; designed to provide a level of financial security. | Base salary levels are set taking into consideration an individuals duties and responsibilities, experience and areas of expertise. Salary changes are based, in part, on the achievement of specific individual performance goals. | ||
Annual Incentive Award | Focuses and rewards executives for achieving key strategic goals, operational metrics, financial results and individual performance. | Variable cash payments are based on the achievement of Company and, where applicable, organizational unit strategic goals, operational metrics and financial goals as well as on individual performance. Based on Company performance, for many participants, AIP target payments were lowered for 2012 through 2014. | ||
Stock Option Grant | Aligns executives with the long-term interests of stockholders and builds an ownership culture. | Grant size is reflective of individual responsibilities and performance and future value is based on growth in stock price between the grant date and the exercise date. | ||
Performance-based Awards | Aligns executives with key long-term performance measures and rewards them for stockholder value creation. | Grant size is reflective of individual performance and future value is based on achievement of performance targets relative to our peers performance and growth in stock price. | ||
Time-based Awards | Provides for leadership continuity and encourages long-term commitment to the Company. | Grant size is reflective of individual responsibilities and performance, and future value is based on the growth in stock price assuming continued employment. | ||
Perquisites: Executive Physicals | Assesses the personal health of the Companys leaders and allows them to address health concerns on a timely basis. | Executive effectiveness is linked to personal health. | ||
Other Compensation | Satisfies employee health, welfare and retirement needs and provides a competitive compensation package needed to attract and retain talented executives. | Employee benefits plans allow employees, including executives, to focus on their job responsibilities and to achieve their performance goals. |
III. Setting Executive Compensation Consistent with the Companys Compensation Philosophy
The Committee, with the assistance of F.W. Cook (Cook), its independent compensation consultant, annually reviews each component of compensation, including base salary, annual cash incentives and long-term
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incentives for each executive officer (including the named executive officers), considering the appropriate external benchmarks and internal valuation. As part of its decision-making process, the Committee:
| Reviews data from market surveys and publicly available information to assess competitiveness and ensure that its compensation actions are appropriate, reasonable and consistent with its philosophy; |
| Targets total compensation in the market median range for similarly situated executives; |
| Ensures that equity compensation comprises a significant portion of total compensation for the executive officers consistent with the Committees philosophy of aligning executives and stockholders interests and to promote retention; |
| Considers the skills, experience and other factors that may impact the competitiveness of compensation for a given executive officer; and |
| Considers each executive officers contributions to, and overall impact on, the Companys business objectives and results. |
For the President and Chief Executive Officer, the Committee recommends compensation to the independent directors of the Board for approval. For the other executive officers, including the named executive officers, the Committee considers the recommendations of the President and Chief Executive Officer in making compensation decisions.
The Committee also generally uses tally sheets that provide details on base salary, AIP targets and payments and long-term incentive grants for the most recent year and the prior two years (where applicable). Tally sheets are created for each key executive and provide a broad view of value of each executives compensation arrangement.
IV. Competitive Positioning
For 2013 compensation determinations, assessments were made primarily against a comparison group of 21 companies in private sector higher education services, professional services, diversified consumer services, hospitality/leisure, and internet catalog and retail industries as selected by Cook and approved by the Committee. Cook reviews and updates the comparison group for continued appropriateness based on industry and company size, utilizing companies with annual revenues greater than $250 million and within a reasonable size range in various metrics, such as revenues, operating income, total assets, total equity, total employees and market capitalization. The comparison group selection criteria are also based on companies that have similar business characteristics, including competitors in the private sector higher education industry, and companies that use sophisticated online applications core to the business, utilize online marketing and are similar in terms of lead generation, lead conversion and sourcing candidates. The following companies were included in the 2012
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comparison group used for 2013 compensation determinations (note that Size in this chart refers to the organizations revenue for 2011 and TSR is the companys total shareholder return):
Composite Percentile Ranking | ||||||||||||||||
Company Name | Size | Profitability | Growth | TSR | ||||||||||||
American Public Education |
9 | % | 72 | % | 78 | % | 71 | % | ||||||||
Apollo Group |
88 | % | 81 | % | 38 | % | 62 | % | ||||||||
Bridgepoint Education |
43 | % | 67 | % | 75 | % | 71 | % | ||||||||
Capella Education |
18 | % | 69 | % | 49 | % | 13 | % | ||||||||
Career Education |
49 | % | 23 | % | 29 | % | 4 | % | ||||||||
Corinthian Colleges |
43 | % | 11 | % | 41 | % | 3 | % | ||||||||
DeVry |
65 | % | 68 | % | 66 | % | 37 | % | ||||||||
Education Management |
77 | % | 34 | % | 73 | % | 81 | % | ||||||||
Expedia |
78 | % | 56 | % | 54 | % | 88 | % | ||||||||
Grand Canyon Education |
19 | % | 59 | % | 83 | % | 50 | % | ||||||||
H&R Block |
88 | % | 58 | % | 22 | % | 70 | % | ||||||||
Intl. Game Technology |
73 | % | 48 | % | 44 | % | 74 | % | ||||||||
ITT Education Svcs. |
50 | % | 86 | % | 44 | % | 31 | % | ||||||||
K12 |
22 | % | 19 | % | 51 | % | 46 | % | ||||||||
Lincoln Educational Svcs. |
19 | % | 35 | % | 38 | % | 19 | % | ||||||||
Manpower |
89 | % | 18 | % | 17 | % | 43 | % | ||||||||
Monster Worldwide |
46 | % | 16 | % | 30 | % | 14 | % | ||||||||
Regis |
58 | % | 3 | % | 18 | % | 71 | % | ||||||||
Robert Half Intl. |
73 | % | 40 | % | 53 | % | 69 | % | ||||||||
Strayer Education |
27 | % | 84 | % | 42 | % | 20 | % | ||||||||
Universal Technical Inst. |
11 | % | 47 | % | 58 | % | 35 | % | ||||||||
Weight Watchers |
57 | % | 68 | % | 62 | % | 95 | % |
Because of the strong correlation between revenue and executive pay, Cook size-adjusts the competitive market compensation data and uses the median to set a targeted range for our pay elements, which is referred to as the market median range. That range is defined as within 10 percent of median for base salaries, within 15 percent of median for annual cash incentive targets, and within 20 percent of median for both long-term incentive targets and for total direct compensation. In addition to the above comparison companies, the Committee also utilized benchmark data from the 2012 AonHewitt Total Compensation Measurement Survey and the 2012 Towers Watson Executive Compensation Database. The AonHewitt Survey includes over 350 companies ranging in size from $500 million to over $100 billion in annual revenue. The Towers Watson survey includes over 435 organizations ranging in size from $250 million to over $100 billion in annual revenue. Data selected from these surveys is scoped based on Company revenue.
Based on Cooks October 2012 report, over the prior three years, on average, the Company ranked in the median range of the comparison companies in terms of company size. This competitive ranking indicates that the comparison group is a reasonable competitive benchmark and that the median range is an appropriate and fair range to target total direct compensation opportunities for the Companys officers, with actual pay delivered dependent on Company and individual performance.
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Relative to this competitive range, on average, total direct compensation opportunities for our executive officers, including the named executive officers, were positioned in the median range of the competitive consensus. Although total direct compensation for the named executive officers is aligned on average, some named executive officer total compensation is below the median range.
Cook also reported that the average mix of base salary, annual cash incentive and long-term incentive opportunity for our executive officers was generally representative of competitive practices.
Cook reported that the Companys equity compensation grant practices ranked between the median and the 75th percentile of the comparison group in terms of share usage run rate and equity compensation cost, as measured by absolute dollar amount and relative to pre-tax income, and potential dilution overhang. The Companys practice of using two to three grant types is consistent with about two-thirds of the comparison group companies using two or more grant types of long-term incentives.
V. 2013 Compensation Decisions
During 2013, the Committees decisions relative to compensation were primarily focused on aligning pay for performance. However, given the continuing uncertainty in the industry sector, the Committee also continued to consider the need to retain key leaders across the organization.
Each section below provides details on the decisions the Committee made with respect to the various components of compensation for 2013 and the rationale for those decisions.
Base Salary
The Committee reviews base salaries annually in the first calendar quarter and sets executive base salaries within the market median range of base compensation for executives in similar positions and with similar responsibilities as the organizations in the Companys comparison group unless a strategic rationale exists to pay outside of that range. The Committee believes that this approach to setting base salaries furthers its primary objectives of attracting, retaining and equitably rewarding our executives, providing pay commensurate with responsibilities, experience and areas of expertise.
In February 2013, based on Company performance, the Committee decided to delay base salary increases to September 2013. After reviewing Company performance later in the year, the Committee decided to forgo base salary increases for all employees, including the named executive officers. Base pay amounts for each of the named executive officers for 2012 and 2013 are detailed below.
Named
Executive Officer |
2012 Base Salary |
2013 Base Salary |
Increase Percent |
Commentary | ||||
Scott W. Steffey |
NA | $750,000 | NA | Mr. Steffey was hired in April 2013 | ||||
Colleen M. OSullivan | $355,000 | $355,000 | 0% | |||||
Jeffrey D. Ayers | $380,000 | $380,000 | 0% | |||||
Lysa A. Clemens | NA | $310,000 | NA | Ms. Clemens was hired in June 2013 | ||||
Jason T. Friesen | $355,000 | $355,000 | 0% | |||||
Steven H. Lesnik |
$1,000,000 | $1,000,000 | 0% | Mr. Lesnik left the organization in April 2013, however continued to act in a consulting capacity through March 2014 | ||||
Daniel J. Hurdle | $330,000 | $330,000 | 0% | Mr. Hurdle left the organization in August 2013 |
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Annual Incentive Award Program for Key Executives
Several of the named executive officers participated in the 2013 Annual Incentive Award Program for Key Executives (Key Executive AIP). It was the intent of the Company that amounts earned under this program qualify as performance-based compensation for purposes of Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time (Code). The Key Executive AIP established the maximum amount payable to each of the identified participants based on the achievement of at least $1 billion in Company revenue in 2013, subject to the Committees discretion to reduce the award of each participant. The Committee intended to, and did, use its discretion to determine actual awards consistent with the 2013 AIP as described below.
Annual Incentive Award Program
The Committee uses an annual performance-based incentive award payable in cash to align the compensation of over 750 eligible employees, including senior management and the named executive officers, with the Companys short-term business objectives and financial performance. Employees are eligible to participate in the AIP if they are in specified pay grades and meet other eligibility provisions. The incentive-eligible pay grades and target award size correspond to market competitive levels of annual incentives for similar roles. Employees subject to the U.S. Department of Educations incentive compensation regulations are not eligible to participate in this program. Based on their strategic and policy-making responsibilities, none of the Companys named executive officers are subject to these regulations.
Target Awards. The Committee reviews the annual incentive target percent established for our executive officers, including the named executive officers, in connection with its annual compensation review in the first quarter of each calendar year. For 2013, the Committee decided to maintain all established annual incentive target percents for the named executive officers year-over-year, except for Mr. Hurdle. However, the Committee calibrated potential executive officer award payouts generally at 50 percent of target award for achievement of the 2013 operating plan, except for Mr. Friesen and certain minimum payouts assured to executive officers joining the Company. Attainment of a 100 percent of target award payout required the Company to achieve performance significantly above the 2013 operating plan. For Mr. Friesen, the Committee calibrated potential award payouts at 100 percent of target award for achievement of the 2013 operating plan due to the continued performance in the University group. Mr. Lesnik did not participate in the AIP.
The 2013 AIP target award percentage for each of the participating named executive officers is as follows:
Named
Executive Officer |
AIP Target as a Percent of Base Salary |
Comments | ||
Scott W. Steffey |
100% | Mr. Steffey joined the organization in April 2013. Per Mr. Steffeys employment letter, his minimum payout under the 2013 AIP will not be less than 50 percent, prorated for the time he is employed in 2013. | ||
Colleen M. OSullivan |
60% | |||
Jeffrey D. Ayers |
60% | |||
Lysa A. Clemens |
50% | Ms. Clemens joined the organization in June 2013. Per Ms. Clemens employment letter, her minimum payout under the 2013 AIP will not be less than $155,000. | ||
Jason T. Friesen |
60% | |||
Daniel J. Hurdle |
60% | Mr. Hurdle left the organization during 2013, but is still eligible for a prorated payout under the AIP pursuant to our Executive Severance Plan. |
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Performance Measures and Weights. The performance measures used in the 2013 AIP were Company operating income, student population, student retention/placement, and individual performance (based on personal goals). For our participating named executive officers, results were measured at the Company or Education Group (refers to Career Schools or University Schools) level.
The weightings for each of the performance measures and the organization level that were used vary with each named executive officers position, as shown on the chart below.
Named Executive Officer |
Profitability: Operating Income |
Growth: Student Population |
Student Outcomes: (Student Retention / |
Individual Goals | ||||||||||
Company | Education Group |
Company | Education Group |
Company | Education Group |
|||||||||
Scott W. Steffey |
30% | NA | 30% | NA | 20% | NA | 20% | |||||||
Colleen M. OSullivan |
30% | NA | 30% | NA | 20% | NA | 20% | |||||||
Jeffrey D. Ayers |
30% | NA | 30% | NA | 20% | NA | 20% | |||||||
Lysa A. Clemens |
15% | 15% | 15% | 15% | 10% | 10% | 20% | |||||||
Jason T. Friesen |
15% | 15% | 15% | 15% | 10% | 10% | 20% | |||||||
Daniel J. Hurdle |
15% | 15% | 15% | 15% | 10% | 10% | 20% |
General Calculation Methodology. The annual cash incentive payable to any eligible participant is calculated generally by multiplying (1) eligible earnings by (2) the specified target award percent of the individuals eligible earnings, by (3) the extent to which the applicable performance measures were met. Eligible earnings are based on base salary and exclude other payments made during the performance period such as allowances, incentive payments, bonuses, equity grants, reimbursements and similar items.
Performance Targets. For the 2013 AIP, the Committee set performance targets based on the 2013 operating plan.
Profitability:
For the operating income measure, the Committee set a performance target based on targeted 2013 consolidated operating income for the Company and Education Groups. Operating Income for purposes of the AIP is defined as the aggregate of the earnings of the Company (and its affiliates) as reported on the Companys Form 10-K for the year ended on December 31, 2013 (which is prepared in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles of the U.S.), and the amounts paid pursuant to the AIP and the Key Executive AIP, and including such adjustment, if any, as may be made by the Committee in its sole discretion.
Growth:
Ending student population is based on the student population on December 31, 2013 as compared to the 2013 operating plan.
Student Outcomes:
For 2013, University Schools measured student retention as the Student Outcomes component. Student retention is a leading indicator of graduation, and is a standard calculation which takes into consideration starting student population, new enrollments and student drops during the year. Performance targets for student retention were set taking into consideration historical student retention results and the 2013 operating plan.
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For 2013, Career Schools measured student placement rates as compared to our accreditors standards of 70 percent as the Student Outcomes component. All student placement results are based on the final placement results for July 1, 2012 through June 30, 2013 reported to the accrediting agencies in November 2013.
For corporate participants, the Student Outcomes results were calculated as an average of the Education Group results.
Individual Goals:
The Individual Goals component consisted of individual performance goals related to the key strategic objectives for the applicable function/Education Group and were based on the individuals job responsibilities. Goals were developed for each participant in partnership with the participants manager.
Funding of the Growth, Student Outcomes and Individual Goals requires that company performance meets certain operating income thresholds, which were achieved in 2013.
In addition, the Committee had the authority to reduce or even eliminate 2013 AIP payouts for individual campuses, Education Groups, Business Segments, departments or the entire Company in response to compliance failures.
2013 Performance Results and Actual Payouts. In the first quarter of 2014, the Committee reviewed and certified the Companys operating income results and performance against the established targets and determined payments for each measure as follows:
AIP Component | Measure | 2013 Plan | 2013 Actuals | AIP Payout Percent(1) | ||||||||||
Profitability |
Company Operating Income | ($ | 128.8 | ) | ($ | 149.9 | )(2) | 0 | % | |||||
University Schools Operating Income | $ | 59.8 | $ | 63.0 | (2) | 132 | % | |||||||
Career Schools Operating Income | ($ | 126.2 | ) | ($ | 135.8 | )(2) | 33 | % | ||||||
Growth |
Company Ending Student Population | 60,415 | 52,600 | (3) | 0 | % | ||||||||
University Schools Ending Student Population | 35,082 | 32,418 | (3) | 0 | % | |||||||||
Career Schools Ending Student Population | 25,333 | 20,182 | (3) | 0 | % | |||||||||
Student Outcomes |
Company Student Outcomes | |
the student outcomes results were calculated as an average of the business unit results |
|
53 | % | ||||||||
University Schools Student Retention | 59.0 | % | 56.7 | % | 61 | % | ||||||||
Career Schools Student Placements | 70.0 | % | 68.4 | % | 46 | % |
(1) | In general, under the 2013 AIP, achievement of the 2013 operating plan resulted in a 50 percent AIP payout, except for University schools where achievement of the 2013 operating plan resulted in a 100 percent payout. |
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(2) | Pursuant to the 2013 Annual Incentive Plan, actual Operating Income / Loss amounts are adjusted, based on the Committees discretion for items considered to be extraordinary or non-recurring. |
(3) | Student population numbers are based on school segment categorization at the time the targets were finalized. |
As a result of the above levels of attainment and individual performance, with the exception of Mr. Steffey and Ms. Clemens who received predetermined minimum payouts based on their hiring agreements, the Committee determined to pay to each named executive officer as set forth in the table below. These amounts are also displayed in the 2013 Summary Compensation Table, under the column heading Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation.
Named Executive Officer |
Target AIP |
Payout as a Percent of Performance Measures |
Individual Performance Payout Percent(1) |
Total AIP Payout |
Total Percent of |
Comments on Individual Performance | ||||||||||||||||
Colleen M. OSullivan |
$ | 213,000 | 13 | % | 75 | % | $ | 54,720 | 26 | % | Ms. OSullivan earned an above target individual performance payout based on her role in the sale of INSEEC leading to the re- capitalization of the Company. | |||||||||||
Jeffrey D. Ayers |
$ | 228,000 | 13 | % | 75 | % | $ | 58,573 | 26 | % | Mr. Ayers earned an above target individual performance payout based on his role in the sale of INSEEC leading to the re-capitalization of the Company. | |||||||||||
Jason T. Friesen |
$ | 213,000 | 39 | % | 140 | % | $ | 126,049 | 59 | % | Mr. Friesen earned an above target individual performance payout based on his ongoing leadership and the performance of the University Schools. | |||||||||||
Daniel J. Hurdle |
$ | 132,000 | 19 | % | 50 | % | $ | 32,784 | 25 | % |
(1) | In general, under the 2013 AIP, achievement of target performance with respect to individual performance goals resulted in a 50 percent payout, except for University Schools (applicable to Mr. Friesen) where achievement of target performance with respect to individual performance goals resulted in a 100 percent payout. |
Long-Term Incentive Compensation Awards
The Committee uses long-term incentive awards to align executives interests with the long-term interests of our stockholders and to build an ownership culture among our senior management and executive officers, including the named executive officers, based on its belief that stock ownership encourages our executive officers to achieve long-term Company business objectives.
The Committee generally grants long-term incentive awards annually to eligible employees, including our executive officers and the named executive officers, during the first quarter of each calendar year. New hire grants for executive officers and other leadership roles may be made in connection with offers of employment.
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The Companys 2008 Plan permits the grant of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted shares, restricted stock units, performance units and other awards. No dividend equivalents accrue or are paid on stock options and, because the Board has neither declared nor paid dividends, no dividends have been paid on or accrued for restricted stock awards.
The Committees guidelines for equity awards specify procedures and timing of granting equity awards relative to publicly available information about the Company, establish the exercise price of stock option awards at the grant date closing price of our common stock as reported on NASDAQ, and, by delegation of authority, allow our President and Chief Executive Officer to make stock grants to new and existing employees (except those who are executive officers under Section 16 of the Exchange Act) of up to 50,000 shares per award with an aggregate limit of 200,000 shares in any 12-month period, of which up to 100,000 shares can be awarded in the form of restricted stock or unit awards and up to 100,000 shares in the form of stock option awards.
2013 Awards to Mr. Steffey. Mr. Steffey was hired by the Company in April 2013. The awards described below are part of Mr. Steffeys offer agreement to join the organization as President and CEO. Mr. Steffeys 2013 compensation package was structured in light of the challenges facing the Company and to provide for both inducement and performance-based compensation. We believe the 2013 compensation arrangements entered into with Mr. Steffey are a reasonable pay package for inducing an external CEO candidate to join the Company. Some of Mr. Steffeys cash-settled awards were made outside of the 2008 Plan. In consideration for these new hire awards, Mr. Steffey agreed to a two-year non-compete with the Company.
Award Type | Target Value of Award at Grant |
Number of Shares/Units Granted |
Equity Terms | |||||||
Stock Options |
$ | 780,000 | 450,000 | Awards vest 25 percent per year | ||||||
Stock Appreciation Rights (cash-settled) | 194,628 | |||||||||
RSUs (cash-settled) | $780,000 | 354,545 | Awards vest 25 percent per year subject to aggregate Company revenue for April 2013 through March 2014 of at least $500 million | |||||||
Cash-based Performance Units | $1,040,000 | NA | Award vests in full on April 1, 2016 based on the relative TSR of a peer group of 14 publicly traded proprietary education companies |
2013 Awards to Mr. Lesnik. In February 2013, the Committee reviewed Mr. Lesniks compensation arrangement in light of the fact that he would be continuing to serve as chief executive officer for an unknown
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period of time and was willing to remain on in a consulting capacity to allow for the appropriate transition of a new CEO. As a result, in March 2013 Mr. Lesnik received awards under the 2008 Plan as summarized below.
Award Type | Target Value of Award at Grant |
Number of Shares/Units Granted |
Equity Terms | |||||
Stock Options | $1,000,000 | 450,000 | Award was determined by dividing $1 million by the product of the CEC closing stock price on March 4, 2013 and a .55 Black-Scholes factor, but not to exceed 450,000 options. The award became exercisable in twelve equal monthly installments during the period Mr. Lesnik remained employed by or provided services to the Company | |||||
Performance- based RSUs (cash-settled) | $1,000,000 | 299,401 | Award vested in full on March 14, 2014 based on the achievement of 2013 Company revenue for January 2013 through December 2013 of at least $1 billion |
2013 Awards to Ms. Clemens. Ms. Clemens was hired by the Company in June 2013. As a part of her new hire offer to join the organization, Ms. Clemens received long-term incentive awards as summarized below. In consideration for these new hire awards, Ms. Clemens agreed to a two-year non-compete with the Company.
Award Type | Target Value of Award at Grant |
Number of Shares/Units Granted |
Equity Terms | |||||
Stock Options | $38,750 | 28,046 | Award vests 25 percent per year | |||||
RSUs (cash-settled) | $116,250 | 46,277 | Award vests 25 percent per year |
2013 Awards (Except Mr. Steffey, Mr. Lesnik and Ms. Clemens). In March 2013, the Committee awarded annual long-term incentive awards to our named executive officers at that time and other eligible employees under the 2008 Plan. The awards to the named executive officers provided a value split between stock options, time-based restricted stock units (settled in cash), and a cash-based performance unit. In setting the dollar value of these awards, the Committee considered long-term award data provided by Cook, the Committees goal of paying a total compensation package within the market median range relative to our comparison groups grant amounts, the FASB ASC Topic 718 CompensationStock Compensation expense to the Company of the awards, the grant date fair value of the awards, and other matters discussed under VII. Regulatory Considerations. The Committees goal continues to be to balance stockholder interests with the need to retain leadership talent.
As in prior years, the 2013 long-term incentive awards to named executive officers included one-year, post-termination restrictive covenants covering non-solicitation, non-disclosure and non-competition.
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The Committee made the March 2013 long-term incentive awards to the named executive officers listed below in accordance with the following target percent of base salary and value split between stock options and time-based restricted stock units (settled in cash) and performance units:
Named Executive Officer |
Long-term Incentive Target as a Percent of Base Salary |
Stock Option Grant |
Time- based Restricted Stock Units |
Cash-based Performance Units |
||||||||||||
Colleen M. OSullivan |
125 | % | 30 | % | 30 | % | 40 | % | ||||||||
Jeffrey D. Ayers |
125 | % | 30 | % | 30 | % | 40 | % | ||||||||
Jason T. Friesen |
125 | % | 30 | % | 30 | % | 40 | % | ||||||||
Daniel J. Hurdle |
125 | % | 30 | % | 30 | % | 40 | % |
The stock option grant to these named executive officers becomes exercisable in four equal annual installments provided that the award recipient remains our employee on the date of vesting. Stock option grants have a maximum term of ten years. The exercise price of the 2013 grant is $2.72. The target number of option shares granted is derived first by multiplying the grantees base salary by the equity target from the table above times the weight noted above to determine the target grant value. This value is then divided by an estimated per-share fair value using the 90-day average closing stock price as of February 15, 2013 multiplied by 55 percent, which percentage is intended to approximate the Black Scholes value.
The restricted stock units granted to these named executive officers vest in four equal annual installments provided that the award recipient remains our employee on the date of vesting. The target number of restricted stock units awarded was determined first by multiplying the grantees base salary by the equity target from the table above times the weight noted above to determine the target grant value. This value was then divided by the 90-day average closing stock price as of February 15, 2013 to determine the number of restricted stock units. As restricted stock units are considered full-value awards, the Black Scholes adjustment is not applicable. The number of time-based restricted stock units is further adjusted so that fractional units are not vested.
The cash-based performance units vest on December 31, 2015 and any amounts due thereunder will be paid by March 15, 2016 based on the CEC TSR relative to the established peer group. TSR is a concept used to compare the performance of different companies stocks over a period of time. TSR is an excellent indicator of company performance and success; it reflects how well a company has created long-term value in highly competitive markets.
The Committee determined to use a cash-based performance award and to settle the RSUs in cash rather than shares in order to manage the Companys share usage run rate within reasonable competitive norms.
The following table summarizes the stock option and restricted stock unit awards granted in March 2013 to the named executive officers at that time other than Mr. Lesnik.
Named Executive Officer |
2013 Stock Option Grant (# of Option Shares) |
2013 Restricted Stock Unit Grant (# of RSUs) |
2013 Performance Unit Grant ($ Target Value of Cash Award) |
|||||||||
Colleen M. OSullivan |
72,468 | 39,856 | $ | 177,500 | ||||||||
Jeffrey D. Ayers |
77,572 | 42,664 | $ | 190,000 | ||||||||
Jason T. Friesen |
72,468 | 39,856 | $ | 177,500 | ||||||||
Daniel J. Hurdle |
67,364 | 37,052 | $ | 165,000 |
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2012 Cash-based Retention Awards
As the Company considered the challenges it faces relative to the changing, complex regulatory environment, the public opinion atmosphere and the general economic conditions facing the industry, the need to recognize the tremendous dedication and commitment required of its senior leaders and the need for leadership continuity became apparent. As a result, the Committee approved a cash-based retention program for certain senior leaders, including certain of the named executive officers. In consideration of receiving these awards, the participant is subject to certain restrictive covenants.
These awards were made on August 10, 2012 (award date). Participants were selected by the then Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer based on the participants role in leading the efforts to manage during this period of change and transformation. Awards were set as a percentage of the participants base salary at that time. Messrs. Steffey and Lesnik and Ms. Clemens are not participants in this program.
Each participants target retention bonus was split in half. The value of the first half does not fluctuate (fixed payment amount). The value of the second half (fluctuating payment amount) increases or decreases based on the change in the result of the measurement formula (as described below) between the award date and the relevant measurement date.
The fluctuating payment amount will be determined at each measurement date based on changes in the Companys closing stock price for the five trading day period immediately preceding the measurement date as compared to the five trading day period immediately preceding the award date. However, the result of the measurement formula for any measurement date may not result in a payment that would be less than 50 percent nor more than 200 percent of the result of such formula on the award date. The measurement dates are February 10, 2013, August 10, 2013 and February 10, 2014 with 16.67 percent, 33.3 percent and 50 percent of the applicable award, respectively, being payable. The variation in the vesting schedule is designed to reward participants for their commitment to the transformation of the business over the 18-month period.
In all cases, future payments are forfeited in the event a participant voluntarily resigns or is terminated for cause prior to a payment date.
Based on this structure, none of the amounts paid under the retention program would be considered performance-based compensation for purposes of Code Section 162(m). As a result, all amounts paid under the retention program will count toward the annual $1,000,000 deduction limit.
The named executive officers which received these awards are eligible and have received payments in 2013 as follows. These amounts are included in the Bonus column of the 2013 Summary Compensation Table.
Named Executive Officer |
Target Award | Threshold | Maximum | February 2013 Actual Payout |
August 2013 Actual Payout |
|||||||||||||||||||
Percent of Base Salary |
Amount | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Colleen M. OSullivan |
50 | % | $ | 144,350 | $ | 108,263 | $ | 216,525 | $ | 24,299 | $ | 48,050 | ||||||||||||
Jeffrey D. Ayers |
50 | % | $ | 190,000 | $ | 142,500 | $ | 285,000 | $ | 31,983 | $ | 63,246 | ||||||||||||
Jason T. Friesen |
50 | % | $ | 177,500 | $ | 133,125 | $ | 266,250 | $ | 29,879 | $ | 59,084 | ||||||||||||
Daniel J. Hurdle |
30 | % | $ | 99,000 | $ | 74,250 | $ | 148,500 | $ | 16,665 | $ | 32,954 |
VI. Other Compensation and Benefits
Executive officers are entitled to the same employee benefits available to all full-time employees (subject to the satisfaction of minimum service and other eligibility requirements). Such benefits include health and welfare benefits, vacation and other time off, and our 401(k) Plan, including a Company matching contribution.
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Certain executive officers, including the named executive officers, also receive additional benefits and perquisites, including a Company-paid physical examination for executives; an executive severance plan for those executive officers designated by the Committee to participate, which is described below in Compensation TablesPotential Payments Upon a Termination or Change in ControlExecutive Severance Plan; an executive relocation plan; coverage under our directors and officers insurance policy; and indemnification agreements providing indemnification of, and advancing of expenses to, our named executive officers and certain other designated employees to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law.
In the event of a termination by the Company without cause (or by Mr. Steffey for good reason), Mr. Steffey is eligible to receive a severance payment equal to two times the sum of his annual base salary and target annual bonus, a pro rata portion of his annual bonus for the fiscal year in which the termination occurs, and a lump sum payment equal to the premium cost of 18 months of coverage under COBRA. This severance package was included as part of Mr. Steffeys employment compensation arrangement, and in consideration of his personal risk in joining the Company during this period of transformation.
In the event of an involuntary termination, as part of his employment compensation arrangement, Mr. Hurdle was eligible to receive a severance payment equal to 52 weeks of pay based on his annual salary at the time of termination, as well as other benefits as specified in our Executive Severance Plan. This additional severance was included in consideration of his personal risk in leaving his then-current employer to join the Company during this period of transformation.
When the Committee reviews and targets our executive compensation program to fall within the market median range for total compensation of executives at companies in our comparison group, it generally does not compare and review benefits and perquisites relative to the comparison group, as it considers these benefits and perquisites to be relatively immaterial when compared to the other components of our executive compensation program.
VII. Regulatory Considerations
Federal income tax regulations and U.S. generally accepted accounting principles impact the cost and recognized expense of our executive compensation programs and influence the Committees design of our executive compensation strategies.
Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code includes potential limitations on the deductibility of compensation in excess of $1 million paid to the Companys Chief Executive Officer and the three other most highly compensated executive officers (other than our principal financial officer) serving on the last day of the year. Based on the regulations issued by the Internal Revenue Service, we believe we have generally taken the necessary actions to ensure the deductibility of payments under the AIP and with respect to stock options and performance-based shares or units granted under our programs, whenever possible. We generally intend to continue to take the necessary actions to maintain the deductibility of compensation resulting from these types of awards. In contrast, time-based restricted stock or units granted under our plans generally do not qualify as performance-based compensation under Section 162(m). Therefore, the vesting of time-based restricted stock or units in some cases will result in a loss of tax deductibility of compensation. While we view preserving tax deductibility as an important objective, we believe the primary purpose of our compensation program is to support our strategy and the long-term interests of our stockholders. In specific instances we have, and in the future we may, authorize compensation arrangements that are not fully tax deductible but which promote other important objectives of the Company and of our executive compensation program. For example, certain elements of Mr. Steffeys compensation do not comply with the Section 162(m) requirements for deductibility.
A critical Code requirement for deductibility, in addition to the performance criteria, is that the Committee cannot increase the size of any payout or award, though it may have the discretion to decrease the size of
41
payments and awards. The Companys annual and long-term incentive programs have been designed and administered in a manner generally intended to preserve federal income tax deductions:
| Under the Key Executive AIP, the Committee established the maximum cash incentive potentially payable to each named executive officer and specified other executive officers who potentially are subject to the Section 162(m) limits on deductibility. For 2013, the Committee established maximum incentives potentially payable provided the Company achieved at least $1 billion in revenue. In the first quarter of 2013, the Committee certified that the Company had met this revenue measure. The Committee then determined the amount of the 2013 annual incentives to be paid by applying the 2013 performance metrics as described under 2013 Compensation DecisionsAnnual Incentive Award Program. |
From time to time, the Committee has utilized time-based restricted stock or units as an incentive and retention tool. These awards may not be performance-based, in which case the awards may not be deductible as compensation expense to the extent the compensation amounts attributable to the time-based restricted stock or units award, plus any other non-performance-based earnings, exceed $1,000,000 in the year the shares or units vest. The Committee considers that time-based restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards further the best interests of the Company and its stockholders as the awards are an inducement to retain talented executives and to align their interests with those of our stockholders in increasing stockholder value. The Committee administers our incentive, equity and severance plans to comply with federal tax rules affecting nonqualified deferred compensation, other tax rules and accounting rules, such as FASB ASC Topic 718 CompensationStock Compensation (which specifies the accounting treatment and cost of various equity-based awards).
VIII. Corporate Governance
Compensation Recovery Policy
The Board of Directors adopted a compensation recovery policy in January 2010. The policy requires, in all appropriate circumstances and to the extent permitted by governing law, the reimbursement of any annual or long-term incentive payment to a Company executive officer (for purposes of the Exchange Act) if:
| The payment was predicated upon achieving certain financial results that were subsequently the subject of a material restatement of Company financial statements filed with the SEC; |
| The Board determines that the executive engaged in intentional misconduct that caused or substantially caused the need for the material restatement; and |
| A lower payment would have been made to the executive based on the restated financial results. |
In each such instance, the Company will, to the extent practicable, seek to recover from the individual executive the amount by which that executives incentive payments for the relevant periods exceeded the lower payment that would have been made based on the restated financial results.
Risk Assessment and Mitigation
The Committee has defined certain design guidelines for our compensation programs which are intended to mitigate harmful risk taking. As part of the Committees review of 2013 executive compensation, the Committee confirmed the effective implementation of these features and, based on the following assessment, concluded that the Companys compensation programs do not create risks that are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company:
| Base salaries are fully competitive and are not subject to performance risk; |
| Incentive programs are carefully balanced between annual and long-term performance and cash and equity compensation; |
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| Annual cash incentive and long-term incentive programs are capped; |
| Long-term incentive awards are weighted 30 percent to stock options that vest in four equal annual installments for alignment with stockholders, 30 percent to time-based restricted stock units that vest in four equal annual installments for retention incentive, and 40 percent to performance units that cliff vest after 3 years subject to relative TSR goals; |
| Performance cycles for performance units are 3 years and overlap to reduce incentive to maximize performance in any one period at the expense of another; |
| Performance goals are recalibrated annually to maintain directional alignment with pay and performance relative to the Companys historical performance and broader market performance and best estimates of future expectations; |
| The determination of incentive program performance results is subject to the Committees discretionary assessment of the appropriate treatment of unusual, nonoperational or nonrecurring items; |
| Executives and directors are subject to stock ownership guidelines; |
| Adoption of a policy to recoup improper payments or gains from incentive compensation paid or granted to executives; and |
| Prohibition of executives and directors hedging or pledging Company stock as described in the Companys Insider Trading Policy. |
Stock Ownership Guidelines
Our Board of Directors believes that the executive officers should be active participants in improving stockholder value by maintaining a predetermined level of ownership of our common stock. The Board initially adopted stock ownership guidelines in 2005 that require certain executive officers to own stock equal in value to a multiple of salary based on the officers position. Effective January 1, 2011, those guidelines were revised to incorporate retention and holding period requirements and to revise certain ownership targets, subject to transition rules for pre-2011 outstanding awards. The stock ownership targets (subject to certain transition rules) are based on the following multiples of base salary:
Role |
Multiple of Base Salary | |||
Chief Executive Officer |
6 | |||
Chief Financial Officer and Chief Operating Officer |
3 | |||
Executive Vice Presidents and all other equivalent managerial-level officers directly reporting to the Chief Executive Officer |
2 | |||
All other Officers subject to the guidelines |
1 |
Subject to certain transition rules, officers subject to the guidelines must hold 100 percent of awards (net of shares withheld for tax withholding obligations or used to pay the option exercise price) acquired through the Companys long-term incentive equity awards at or subsequent to becoming subject to the guidelines until achieving the applicable stock ownership target. After achieving the target, and for so long as such target is maintained, officers must hold 50 percent of any other awards (net of shares withheld for tax withholding obligations or used to pay the option exercise price) for one year from the date of vesting of restricted stock awards (and similar instruments expressed in stock units and payable in shares, as applicable) or from the date of exercise of stock options or stock appreciation rights (and similar instruments payable in shares).
If an officer does not sustain the applicable stock ownership target due to fluctuations in stock value, he or she will again be required to hold 100 percent of net awards acquired through CECs long-term incentive equity plans until such officer again achieves the applicable stock ownership target, at which time such officer shall again be subject to the requirement to hold 50 percent of the net awards acquired through the Companys long-term incentive equity awards for one year, commencing with the date of the attainment of the applicable stock
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ownership target. Each of our named executive officers is in compliance with the retention requirements of the guidelines.
The Committee has discretion to reduce equity awards or to pay a portion of an executive officers annual cash incentive in the form of restricted stock to executive officers who are not in compliance with the retention requirements or ownership targets under the guidelines. Because of changes in the Companys stock price, the Committee has determined to not take any immediate remedial action at this time regarding the attainment of the target levels of stock ownership. The Board of Directors is revising the terms of these stock ownership guidelines to better align with market practices.
Report of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors
The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors is composed solely of independent directors, as that term is defined in NASDAQs listing standards, as well as under Rule 16b-3 of the Exchange Act and Section 162(m) of the Code. The Compensation Committee has reviewed and discussed the Compensation Discussion and Analysis included in this Proxy Statement with the Companys management. Based on the review and discussions referred to above, the Compensation Committee recommended to the Board of Directors that the Compensation Discussion and Analysis be included in this Proxy Statement.
COMPENSATION COMMITTEE
Patrick W. Gross (Chairperson)
Gregory L. Jackson
Thomas B. Lally
Ronald D. McCray
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2013 Summary Compensation Table
The following table shows compensation of our current and former principal executive officers, our principal financial officer and the three other most highly compensated executive officers who were serving as our executive officers as of December 31, 2013. Information regarding an additional former executive officer who would have been one of the three most highly compensated had he been an executive officer as of December 31, 2013 is also included. These officers are our 2013 named executive officers. Information regarding amounts in certain columns follows the table.
Salary ($) |
Bonus ($) |
Stock Awards ($) |
Option Awards ($) |
Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation ($) |
All Other Compensation ($) |
Total ($) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Scott W. Steffey |
2013 | $ | 549,145 | $ | 2,500,000 | $ | 779,999 | $ | 730,750 | $ | 274,148 | $ | 3,950 | $ | 4,837,992 | |||||||||||||||||
President and Chief Executive Officer (1) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Steven H. Lesnik | 2013 | $ | 268,939 | $ | | $ | 814,371 | $ | 773,460 | $ | | $ | 732,771 | $ | 2,589,541 | |||||||||||||||||
Former Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer (2) |
2012 | $ | 1,000,000 | $ | | $ | 990,819 | $ | 1,106,340 | $ | | $ | 15,316 | $ | 3,112,475 | |||||||||||||||||
2011 | $ | 166,667 | $ | | $ | | $ | 213,920 | $ | | $ | 124,000 | $ | 504,587 | ||||||||||||||||||
Colleen M. OSullivan |
2013 | $ | 357,400 | $ | 72,349 | $ | 108,408 | $ | 101,970 | $ | 54,720 | $ | 9,300 | $ | 704,147 | |||||||||||||||||
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (3) |
2012 | $ | 314,095 | $ | | $ | 228,709 | $ | 15,380 | $ | 41,247 | $ | 9,818 | $ | 609,249 | |||||||||||||||||
Jeffrey D. Ayers | 2013 | $ | 382,400 | $ | 95,229 | $ | 116,046 | $ | 109,152 | $ | 58,573 | $ | 9,600 | $ | 771,000 | |||||||||||||||||
Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary |
2012 | $ | 380,733 | $ | | $ | 289,968 | $ | 89,156 | $ | 58,804 | $ | 14,500 | $ | 833,161 | |||||||||||||||||
2011 | $ | 372,400 | $ | | $ | 217,434 | $ | 283,573 | $ | 79,920 | $ | 36,472 | $ | 989,799 | ||||||||||||||||||
LysaA. Clemens |
2013 | $ | 170,500 | $ | 50,000 | $ | 134,666 | $ | 41,867 | $ | 155,000 | $ | 19,178 | $ | 571,211 | |||||||||||||||||
Senior Vice President and Chief Career Schools Officer (4) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jason T. Friesen | 2013 | $ | 357,400 | $ | 88,963 | $ | 108,408 | $ | 101,970 | $ | 126,049 | $ | 5,100 | $ | 787,890 | |||||||||||||||||
Senior Vice President and Chief University Education Officer |
2012 | $ | 334,061 | $ | 25,000 | $ | 209,594 | $ | 62,840 | $ | 58,449 | $ | 10,000 | $ | 699,944 | |||||||||||||||||
2011 | $ | 305,567 | $ | | $ | 423,668 | $ | 167,416 | $ | 73,437 | $ | 27,250 | $ | 997,338 | ||||||||||||||||||
Daniel J. Hurdle | 2013 | $ | 220,800 | $ | 49,619 | $ | 100,781 | $ | 94,788 | $ | | $ | 434,023 | $ | 900,011 | |||||||||||||||||
Former Senior Vice President and Chief Career Schools Officer (5) |
2012 | $ | 170,077 | $ | 365,433 | $ | 61,957 | $ | 8,018 | $ | 20,100 | $ | 75,851 | $ | 701,436 |
(1) | Mr. Steffey joined the Company, and first became an executive officer, on April 8, 2013. |
(2) | Mr. Lesnik served as President and Chief Executive Officer from October 31, 2011 through April 7, 2013. He thereafter remained available to provide consulting services to the Company through March 31, 2014 in accordance with the terms of his February 26, 2013 letter agreement with the Company. |
(3) | 2012 was the first year that Ms. OSullivan was a named executive officer. Accordingly, the compensation disclosed in the Summary Compensation Table for Ms. OSullivan relates only to compensation for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012. |
(4) | Ms. Clemens joined the Company, and first became an executive officer, on June 13, 2013. |
(5) | Mr. Hurdle joined the Company, and first became an executive officer, on June 26, 2012, and left the Company effective August 31, 2013. |
Bonus. For Mr. Steffey, this column reflects a sign-on award in connection with the commencement of his employment with the Company on April 8, 2013. One-half of the sign-on award is subject to full or partial repayment by Mr. Steffey if his employment is terminated by the Company for cause or he terminates his employment other than for good reason (as such terms are defined in Mr. Steffeys employment letter agreement with the Company) during the first two years of his employment with the Company, with the actual amount to be repaid determined based on when such termination occurs in the two-year period. The other one-half of the sign-on award is subject to full or partial repayment by Mr. Steffey if his employment terminates for such reasons
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prior to April 8, 2017, with the actual amount to be repaid determined based on when such termination occurs in the four-year period.
For Ms. Clemens, this column reflects a sign-on award in connection with the commencement of her employment with the Company on June 13, 2013. If Ms. Clemens leaves the Company of her own free will within the first year of employment, she is required pursuant to her offer letter for employment to reimburse the Company the entire amount of this sign-on award.
The 2013 Bonus column for Ms. OSullivan and Messrs. Ayers, Friesen and Hurdle reflects amounts earned during 2013 pursuant to cash-based retention awards granted in 2012. See Compensation Discussion and AnalysisV. 2013 Compensation Decisions2012 Cash-based Retention Awards for more information about these awards.
Stock and Option Awards. These columns show the grant date fair value of the restricted stock, restricted stock unit, stock option and stock appreciation right awards granted to our named executive officers, excluding the effect of actual or estimated forfeitures. See Note 15 of the notes to the consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013 for information regarding the assumptions used in the valuation of equity-based awards.
In 2011 and 2012, the Companys long-term incentive awards under the 2008 Plan consisted of several equity-based vehicles. In 2013, the Company introduced performance units as a new long-term incentive vehicle under the 2008 Plan. The performance units are not reflected in the 2013 Summary Compensation Table as they will be included as non-equity incentive plan compensation in the year in which the compensation is earned. This change in award type impacts the comparability of the amounts in the Stock and Option Awards columns year over year.
For the portion of the restricted stock or unit awards that are subject to performance conditions, that grant date fair value is based upon the probable outcome of such conditions as determined at the date of grant and for all such awards shown, that grant date value is based upon achieving the target level of performance. If the performance-share portion of the stock awards reported above under the column heading Stock Awards were valued at the grant date based on the highest level of performance conditions being achieved, the grant date fair values for those stock awards for the named executive officers would be as follows:
Name |
Award Year |
Performance- Based Restricted Stock or Unit Value at Maximum Attainment |
Time-Based Restricted Stock or Unit Value |
Stock Awards |
||||||||||||
Scott W. Steffey |
2013 | $ | 779,999 | (a) | $ | | $ | 779,999 | ||||||||
Steven H. Lesnik |
2013 | $ | 814,371 | (a) | $ | | $ | 814,371 | ||||||||
2012 | $ | 990,819 | (a) | $ | | $ | 990,819 | |||||||||
2011 | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||||||
Colleen M. OSullivan |
2013 | $ | | $ | 108,408 | $ | 108,408 | |||||||||
2012 | $ | | $ | 228,709 | $ | 228,709 | ||||||||||
Jeffrey D. Ayers |
2013 | $ | | $ | 116,046 | $ | 116,046 | |||||||||
2012 | $ | | $ | 289,968 | $ | 289,968 | ||||||||||
2011 | $ | 190,227 | $ | 108,738 | $ | 298,965 | ||||||||||
Lysa A. Clemens |
2013 | $ | | $ | 134,666 | $ | 134,666 | |||||||||
Jason T. Friesen |
2013 | $ | | $ | 108,408 | $ | 108,408 | |||||||||
2012 | $ | | $ | 209,594 | $ | 209,594 | ||||||||||
2011 | $ | 112,292 | $ | 359,504 | $ | 471,796 | ||||||||||
Daniel J. Hurdle |
2013 | $ | | $ | 100,781 | $ | 100,781 | |||||||||
2012 | $ | | $ | 61,957 | $ | 61,957 |
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(a) | Mr. Steffeys 2013 cash-settled restricted stock unit award and Mr. Lesniks 2013 and 2012 restricted stock unit awards provide only for a single payout amount if the applicable performance conditions are satisfied. The probable outcome of the performance conditions as determined at the date of grant was that the performance measure would be achieved. Because there is no greater payout amount possible, the maximum attainment value is the same as the grant date fair value of these awards at target performance. |
The 2012 Option Awards amount for Mr. Lesnik reflects his receipt in 2012 of time-based stock options and stock options subject to a performance condition related to the Companys stock price requiring that the closing stock price is equal to or greater than $30 for 30 trading days within a 90 calendar day period during a three-year measurement period. For the stock options subject to this market condition, the Company employed a third-party valuation firm to value these awards. The option pricing model referred to as the Monte Carlo method was employed, which simulated approximately 50,000 outcomes of the companys daily stock price over a period of three years, resulting in a fair market value of $2.13 share. The underlying inputs and assumptions used to arrive at the $2.13 per share, or total value of $305,683, included a volatility factor of 60%, a derived service period of 1.88 years and a forfeiture rate of 0.00%.
In connection with Mr. Hurdles departure from the Company effective August 31, 2013, he forfeited all of his (i) unvested restricted stock units (which had a grant date fair value of $162,739), and (ii) unexercisable stock options (which had a grant date fair value of $100,802), which were granted to him in 2012 and 2013. Mr. Hurdle exercised his vested and exercisable options.
Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation. Annual cash incentives earned for any year are generally paid to the named executive officers in the first quarter of the following year. See Compensation Discussion and AnalysisV. 2013 Compensation DecisionsAnnual Incentive Award Program for Key Executives and Annual Incentive Award Program for more information regarding these amounts.
All Other Compensation. All Other Compensation for 2013 includes the following components:
Name |
Relocation Expenses |
Consulting or Severance Payments(a) |
Tax Reimburse- ment(b) |
Other(c) | Total | |||||||||||||||
Scott W. Steffey |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 3,950 | $ | 3,950 | ||||||||||
Steven H. Lesnik |
$ | | $ | 731,058 | $ | | $ | 1,713 | $ | 732,771 | ||||||||||
Colleen M. OSullivan |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 9,300 | $ | 9,300 | ||||||||||
Jeffrey D. Ayers |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 9,600 | $ | 9,600 | ||||||||||
Lysa A. Clemens |
$ | 13,121 | $ | | $ | 3,570 | $ | 2,487 | $ | 19,178 | ||||||||||
Jason T. Friesen |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 5,100 | $ | 5,100 | ||||||||||
Daniel J. Hurdle |
$ | 58,604 | $ | 362,784 | $ | 8,195 | $ | 4,440 | $ | 434,023 |
(a) | Amounts for Mr. Lesnik represent consulting fees paid pursuant to his February 26, 2013 letter agreement with the Company. Amounts for Mr. Hurdle represent payments made in connection with his separation from the Company in accordance with the terms of his employment letter agreement with the Company. |
(b) | Certain relocation expense payments are taxable to the employee. The Company reimburses the employee an additional amount to compensate for this. |
(c) | Includes 401(k) plan contributions, the cost of company-paid physical examinations and, for Mr. Lesnik, $1,713 for company paid cell phone use after he ceased to be an employee of the Company. Information regarding non-discriminatory group welfare benefit plans is excluded from the Summary Compensation Table as permitted by applicable regulations. |
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Grants of Plan-Based Awards in 2013
The following table provides information concerning the awards made to our named executive officers during 2013. Information regarding amounts in certain columns follows the table. All awards were made under the 2008 Plan unless otherwise noted.
Name |
Grant Date |
Estimated Future Payouts Under Non-Equity Incentive Plan Awards |
Estimated Future Payouts Under Equity Incentive Plan Awards |
All Other Stock Awards; Number of Shares of Stock or Units |
All Other Option Awards: Number of Securities Underlying Options |
Exercise or Base Price of Option Awards |
Grant Date Fair Value of Stock and Option Awards |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Threshold | Target | Maximum | Threshold | Target | Maximum | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Scott W. Steffey |
04/08/2013 | $ | 375,000 | $ | 412,500 | $ | 1,350,000 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
04/08/2013 | $ | 520,000 | $ | 1,040,000 | $ | 2,080,000 | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
04/08/2013 | 250,000 | | $ | 550,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
04/08/2013 | 104,545 | | $ | 229,999 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
04/08/2013 | 450,000 | $ | 2.20 | $ | 510,120 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
04/08/2013 | 50,000 | $ | 2.20 | $ | 56,680 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
04/08/2013 | 144,628 | $ | 2.20 | $ | 163,950 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Steven H. Lesnik |
03/04/2013 | 299,401 | | $ | 814,371 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
03/04/2013 | 450,000 | $ | 2.72 | $ | 773,460 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Colleen M. O Sullivan |
01/22/2013 | $ | 47,925 | $ | 117,150 | $ | 532,500 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
03/04/2013 | $ | 88,750 | $ | 177,500 | $ | 355,000 | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
03/04/2013 | 39,856 | | $ | 108,408 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
03/04/2013 | 72,468 | $ | 2.72 | $ | 101,970 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jeffrey D. Ayers |
01/22/2013 | $ | 51,300 | $ | 125,400 | $ | 570,000 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
03/04/2013 | $ | 95,000 | $ | 190,000 | $ | 380,000 | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
03/04/2013 | 42,664 | | $ | 116,046 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
03/04/2013 | 77,572 | $ | 2.72 | $ | 109,152 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lysa A. Clemens |
06/13/2013 | $ | 155,000 | $ | 155,000 | $ | 279,000 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
06/13/2013 | 46,277 | | $ | 134,666 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
06/13/2013 | 28,046 | $ | 2.91 | $ | 41,867 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jason T. Friesen |
01/22/2013 | $ | 66,563 | $ | 175,725 | $ | 532,500 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
03/04/2013 | $ | 88,750 | $ | 177,500 | $ | 355,000 | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
03/04/2013 | 39,856 | | $ | 108,408 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
03/04/2013 | 72,468 | $ | 2.72 | $ | 101,970 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Daniel J. Hurdle |
01/22/2013 | $ | 42,075 | $ | 103,950 | $ | 495,000 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
03/04/2013 | $ | 82,500 | $ | 165,000 | $ | 330,000 | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
03/04/2013 | 37,052 | | $ | 100,781 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
03/04/2013 | 67,364 | $ | 2.72 | $ | 94,788 |
Estimated Future Payouts Under Non-Equity Incentive Plan Awards. AIP General: For each individual other than Mr. Lesnik, the first row of amounts in these columns shows estimated possible future payouts of awards (when made) under our 2013 annual cash incentive award program. Amounts provided are calculated on a full year basis using the expected salary for each officer at the time of the award, and for Ms. Clemens assumes she was employed in the Career Schools group during her entire tenure at the Company in 2013. The actual payout amounts for Messrs. Steffey and Hurdle and Ms. Clemens were prorated for their partial year of service to the Company (or would have been but for the minimum payment amounts set forth in their employment letter agreements). The performance measures and attainment are discussed in Compensation Discussion and AnalysisV. 2013 Compensation DecisionsAnnual Incentive Award Program above. Amounts actually earned by the named executive officers are shown in the 2013 Summary Compensation Table under the column Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation. AIP Threshold Amounts: For Mr. Steffey and Ms. Clemens, the threshold amount provided is the minimum amount payable to them under the 2013 annual cash incentive award program pursuant to their employment letter agreements entered
48
into in connection with the commencement of their employment with the Company. For Ms. OSullivan and Messrs. Ayers, Friesen and Hurdle, the threshold amounts provided are the amounts payable for achieving threshold performance levels under the program; however, performance below the threshold performance levels will result in no payout. For purposes of calculating the threshold amount for these four officers, the individual component of the program has been assumed to be $0 because there is no threshold level of performance specified which will provide a minimum amount payable for the individual component. AIP Target Amounts: The program established payout amounts for achievement of target Company and individual performance factors. For Ms. Clemens, the target amount provided in the table is the minimum amount payable to her under the program pursuant to her employment letter agreement, as this minimum amount is greater than the payout amount for achievement of target Company and individual performance factors under the program. AIP Maximum Amounts: The maximum payouts are established by the 2013 Annual Incentive Award Program for Key Executives for those executive officers named therein; for the other executive officers (Mr. Steffey and Ms. Clemens), the maximum amount provided is the sum of the maximum amounts payable with respect to each component of the program.
For each individual other than Mr. Lesnik and Ms. Clemens, the second row of amounts in these columns shows estimated possible future payouts of awards (when made) under cash-based performance units granted in 2013 which use relative TSR over a three year period as the performance measure. The performance units provide for a 50% payout if a threshold level of performance is met, a target payout amount and a maximum payout of 200% of target. If the threshold level of performance is not met, there will be no payout under the performance units. See Compensation Discussion and AnalysisV. 2013 Compensation DecisionsLong-Term Incentive Compensation Awards for more information regarding the grant of performance units in 2013.
Estimated Future Payouts Under Equity Incentive Plan Awards. Amounts in these columns relate to awards of performance-based cash-settled restricted stock units which provide only for a single payout amount if the applicable performance conditions are satisfied. That payout amount is provided in the chart as the target. There are no threshold or maximum payouts for these awards. The performance targets and vesting provisions for these awards are discussed above in Compensation Discussion and AnalysisV. 2013 Compensation DecisionsLong-Term Incentive Compensation Program2013 Awards to Mr. Steffey and 2013 Awards to Mr. Lesnik. Mr. Steffeys award of 104,545 performance-based cash-settled restricted stock units was made in accordance with his employment letter agreement with the Company and was not made under the 2008 Plan.
All Other Stock Awards. This column shows the number of time-vesting cash-settled restricted stock units granted to each of the named executive officers during 2013 under our 2008 Plan. These awards vest 25% per year over four years, subject to continued employment with the Company. Mr. Hurdle forfeited the unvested cash-settled restricted stock units from these 2013 restricted stock unit grants in connection with his separation from the Company.
All Other Option Awards. This column shows the number of stock options granted to each of the named executive officers during 2013 under our 2008 Plan. In addition, Mr. Steffeys amounts include 50,000 cash-settled stock appreciation rights granted under our 2008 Plan and 144,628 outside of the 2008 Plan. These options (other than the options granted to Mr. Lesnik) become exercisable 25% per year over four years, subject to continued employment with the Company. Mr. Lesniks options became exercisable in twelve equal monthly installments following the grant date. Mr. Hurdle forfeited the unexercisable options from these 2013 option grants in connection with his separation from the Company.
Exercise or Base Price of Option Awards. This column shows the exercise price for the stock options granted, which was the closing price of our common stock as reported on NASDAQ on the grant date.
Grant Date Fair Value of Stock and Option Awards. This column shows the grant date fair value of the 2013 cash-settled restricted stock unit and stock option awards granted to our named executive officers, excluding the effect of actual or estimated forfeitures. For the portion of the cash-settled restricted stock unit and
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stock option awards that are subject to performance conditions, that grant date value is based upon the probable outcome of such conditions. Amounts are calculated in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 718CompensationStock Compensation. See Note 15 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013 for information regarding the assumptions used in the valuation of equity awards.
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Outstanding Equity Awards at Year End 2013
The following table includes information as of December 31, 2013 about all unexercised options to purchase shares of our common stock and unvested restricted stock and restricted stock units held by the named executive officers.
Option Awards | Stock Awards | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name |
Grant Date |
Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options Exercisable (1) |
Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options Unexercisable (1) |
Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Unearned Options |
Option Exercise Price |
Option Expiration Date |
Number of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested |
Market Value of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested (2) |
Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Number of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested |
Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Market or Payout Value of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested (2) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Scott W. Steffey |
4/08/2013 |
| 450,000 | | $ | 2.20 | 4/08/2023 | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4/08/2013 |
| 50,000 | (3) | | $ | 2.20 | 4/08/2023 | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4/08/2013 |
| 144,628 | (3) | | $ | 2.20 | 4/08/2023 | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4/08/2013 |
| | | | | | | 250,000 | (4) | $ | 1,425,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4/08/2013 |
| | | | | | | 104,545 | (4) | $ | 595,907 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Steven H. Lesnik |
3/04/2013 |
337,500 | (5) | 112,500 | (5) | | $ | 2.72 | 3/04/2023 | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
3/04/2013 |
| | | | | | | 299,401 | (6) | $ | 1,706,586 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3/01/2012 |
114,811 | (7) | | | $ | 8.63 | 3/01/2022 | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3/01/2012 |
| | 143,513 | (8) | $ | 8.63 | 3/01/2022 | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
5/19/2011 |
12,000 | (9) | 4,000 | (9) | | $ | 22.13 | 5/19/2021 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
5/19/2010 |
24,000 | (10) | | | $ | 30.67 | 5/19/2020 | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4/30/2009 |
24,000 | (10) | | | $ | 22.04 | 4/30/2019 | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
5/13/2008 |
24,000 | (10) | | | $ | 18.64 | 5/12/2018 | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
5/17/2007 |
24,000 | (10) | | | $ | 33.96 | 5/16/2017 | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
5/18/2006 |
24,000 | (10) | | | $ | 30.80 | 5/17/2016 | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2/14/2006 |
18,000 | (10) | | | $ | 34.86 | 2/13/2016 | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Colleen M. OSullivan |
3/04/2013 |
| 72,468 | | $ | 2.72 | 3/04/2023 | 39,856 | (11) | $ | 227,179 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
9/12/2012 |
1,982 | 5,947 | | $ | 3.79 | 9/11/2022 | 13,083 | (12) | $ | 74,573 | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3/01/2012 |
| | | | | 15,567 | (13) | $ | 88,732 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
5/19/2011 |
| | | | | 6,228 | (14) | $ | 35,500 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3/14/2011 |
5,886 | 5,886 | | $ | 21.80 | 3/13/2021 | 2,160 | (15) | $ | 12,312 | 1,079 | (16) | $ | 6,150 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
3/03/2010 |
7,230 | 2,410 | | $ | 29.02 | 3/02/2020 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2/25/2009 |
7,740 | | | $ | 26.15 | 2/24/2019 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3/13/2008 |
10,000 | | | $ | 13.32 | 3/12/2018 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2/25/2008 |
5,000 | | | $ | 15.32 | 2/24/2018 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jeffrey D. Ayers |
3/04/2013 |
| 77,572 | | $ | 2.72 | 3/04/2023 | 42,664 | (11) | $ | 243,185 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
3/01/2012 |
5,091 | 15,273 | | $ | 8.63 | 2/28/2022 | 33,600 | (12) | $ | 191,520 | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3/14/2011 |
13,598 | 13,598 | | $ | 21.80 | 3/13/2021 | 4,988 | (15) | $ | 28,432 | 2,493 | (16) | $ | 14,210 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
3/03/2010 |
17,664 | 5,888 | | $ | 29.02 | 3/02/2020 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2/25/2009 |
21,540 | | | $ | 26.15 | 2/24/2019 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3/13/2008 |
39,500 | | | $ | 13.32 | 3/12/2018 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2/25/2008 |
5,000 | | | $ | 15.32 | 2/24/2018 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lysa A. Clemens |
6/13/2013 |
| 28,046 | | $ | 2.91 | 6/13/2023 | 46,277 | (17) | $ | 263,779 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jason T. Friesen |
3/04/2013 |
| 72,468 | | $ | 2.72 | 3/04/2023 | 39,856 | (11) | $ | 227,179 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
11/13/2012 |
2,221 | 6,664 | | $ | 2.62 | 11/12/2022 | 14,660 | (12) | $ | 83,562 | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3/01/2012 |
3,005 | 9,015 | | $ | 8.63 | 2/28/2022 | 19,836 | (12) | $ | 113,065 | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
5/19/2011 |
| | | | | 6,673 | (14) | $ | 38,036 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3/14/2011 |
8,028 | 8,028 | | $ | 21.80 | 3/13/2021 | 2,944 | (15) | $ | 16,781 | 1,472 | (16) | $ | 8,390 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
3/03/2010 |
7,503 | 2,501 | | $ | 29.02 | 3/02/2020 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2/25/2009 |
8,032 | | | $ | 26.15 | 2/24/2019 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3/13/2008 |
10,000 | | | $ | 13.32 | 3/12/2018 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
11/08/2007 |
3,000 | | | $ | 33.33 | 11/07/2017 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Daniel J. Hurdle (18) |
| | | | | | | | |
51
(1) | Unless otherwise indicated, stock options become exercisable 25% per year over four years. |
(2) | The dollar value of these awards is calculated using the closing market price of $5.70 per share of our common stock on December 31, 2013, as reported on NASDAQ. |
(3) | Cash-settled stock appreciation rights which become exercisable 25% per year over four years. |
(4) | Cash-settled restricted stock units which become exercisable 25% per year over four years, subject to the satisfaction of the performance condition. |
(5) | These options vest in twelve equal monthly installments following the grant date. |
(6) | These cash-settled restricted stock units were subject to performance vesting and were outstanding at December 31, 2013. In the first quarter of 2014, the Compensation Committee determined that the specified performance measures were achieved and vesting occurred on March 14, 2014. |
(7) | These options became exercisable on March 1, 2013. |
(8) | These options become exercisable if during any 90 calendar day period the closing stock price is equal to or greater than $30 for 30 trading days within the 90-day period. The measurement period commenced on March 1, 2013 and ends on March 1, 2015. |
(9) | One-fourth of the stock options became exercisable on the option grant date, and one-fourth of the stock options become exercisable on each of the first three anniversaries of the option grant date. |
(10) | One-third of the stock options became exercisable on the option grant date, and one-third of the stock options become exercisable on each of the next two anniversaries of the option grant date. |
(11) | One-fourth of these cash-settled restricted stock units vest on each of March 14, 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017. |
(12) | This restricted stock or unit award vests on the third anniversary of the grant date. |
(13) | One-third of these restricted stock units vest on each of March 1, 2014, 2015 and 2016. |
(14) | These shares of restricted stock vest on May 19, 2014. |
(15) | These shares of restricted stock vested on March 14, 2014. |
(16) | The specified performance measures have been satisfied with respect to these shares and they vested on March 14, 2014. |
(17) | One-fourth of these cash-settled restricted stock units vest on each of June 14, 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017. |
(18) | In connection with Mr. Hurdles separation from the Company, all of his unvested restricted stock units and unexercisable stock options were forfeited. Mr. Hurdles exercisable options were exercised prior to December 31, 2013. |
52
Option Exercises and Stock Vested for 2013
The following table includes information regarding option exercises by our named executive officers and vesting of restricted stock held by them during the year ended December 31, 2013.
Name |
Option Awards | Stock Awards | ||||||||||||||
Number of Shares Acquired on Exercise |
Value Realized on Exercise(1) |
Number
of Shares Acquired on Vesting |
Value Realized on Vesting(2) |
|||||||||||||
Scott W. Steffey |
| | | | ||||||||||||
Steven H. Lesnik |
| | 114,811 | $ | 344,433 | |||||||||||
Colleen M. OSullivan |
| | 13,185 | $ | 40,053 | |||||||||||
Jeffrey D. Ayers |
| | | | ||||||||||||
Lysa A. Clemens |
| | | | ||||||||||||
Jason T. Friesen |
| | 8,506 | $ | 26,052 | |||||||||||
Daniel J. Hurdle |
1,275 | $ | 2,588 | | |
(1) | The aggregate dollar value realized on exercise was calculated by multiplying the number of shares acquired upon vesting by the difference between the market price of the Companys common stock as reported on NASDAQ at exercise and the exercise price. |
(2) | The aggregate dollar value realized on vesting was calculated by multiplying the number of shares which vested by the closing price of the Companys common stock as reported on NASDAQ on the vesting date. |
53
Potential Payments upon Termination or Change in Control
We have entered into certain agreements and maintain certain plans that require us to provide compensation to the named executive officers in the event of certain terminations of their employment or if the Company experiences a change in control. The amount of compensation payable to each named executive officer for such terminations is shown in the tables below.
Executive Severance Plan. The Companys executive officers are eligible to participate in the Companys Executive Severance Plan and may be eligible to receive benefits thereunder in the event such an executive officers employment is involuntarily terminated, except that Messrs. Steffey and Lesnik are not eligible to participate in this plan pursuant to the terms of their letter agreements with the Company. The Employee Benefits Committee, as the plan administrator, or its authorized designee, is responsible for determining whether an eligible executive officers employment is terminated involuntarily by the Company and, if so, whether such eligible executive officer will receive benefits under this plan, in accordance with the terms thereof. Involuntary terminations do not include terminations for cause (as defined under this plan); terminations due to agreements between the Company and the employee under which the employee becomes a consultant or independent contractor; terminations due to death, disability, retirement (including voluntary retirement under any special early retirement incentive program) or any form of voluntary termination. Termination for cause means the employee is discharged by us for poor performance, nonperformance or misconduct. Misconduct includes, but is not limited to, insubordination, dishonesty, theft, violation of Company rules and willful destruction of Company property.
Severance benefits under this plan include base pay, certain benefits coverage and prorated cash incentive payments payable under the Companys annual incentive program, as follows:
| A lump sum payment of a minimum of 26 weeks and a maximum of 52 weeks of base pay, calculated based on the number of full years of continuous service completed (unless otherwise provided in an employees employment offer letter), as follows: |
| 26 weeks of base pay on completing fewer than nine full years of continuous service. |
| Three weeks base pay per year on completing nine to 17 full years of continuous service. |
| 52 weeks of base pay on completing 18 or more full years of continuous service. |
| For those executives who participate in our health, dental and vision plans and timely elect to continue that coverage under federal COBRA law, partially subsidized COBRA insurance premiums so that the executive pays the same cost that similarly situated active employees of the Company pay for such coverage for a period of time beginning immediately after the employment termination and lasting for the number of weeks that is equal to the number of weeks of base pay the executive receives as severance pay. |
| A lump sum payment of prorated cash annual incentive earned (if any) for the year of termination, calculated in accordance with the method for determining the amount of annual cash incentive payable to other similarly situated active employees and paid in accordance with our normal annual incentive programs payment procedures. |
| Outplacement assistance from a Company-selected provider that is reimbursed or paid for by the Company. |
Continuous service means the executives most recent unbroken period of employment with us, which may include service with a predecessor employer that we acquired, beginning on the executives most recent hire date and ending on the date of employment termination. Continuous service excludes any period of earned unused vacation or any period during which the executive was a consultant or independent contractor for us. Multiple periods of employment with CEC separated by a leave of absence of less than one year are considered one continuous period of employment.
54
To receive the severance benefits, the terminated executive must sign a release of claims against the Company and enter into a non-solicitation, non-competition and confidentiality agreement with the Company to the extent permitted by governing law and allowed under the ethical rules of any applicable professional licensing organizations. The Executive Severance Plan is intended to provide benefits that are exempt from the requirements of Code Section 409A, but provides that to the extent any benefit payable is determined to be subject to Section 409A, benefits will be paid in accordance with Section 409A.
Severance Arrangements Pursuant to Employment Letters. Mr. Steffey and Mr. Hurdle are entitled to certain enhanced severance benefits pursuant to their employment letter agreements entered into when they joined the Company. Mr. Steffey will receive the following payments and benefits if terminated by the Company without cause or if he resigns for good reason (as such terms are defined in Mr. Steffeys April 1, 2013 employment letter agreement with the Company, and each a Qualifying Termination), subject to his execution and non-revocation of a general release of claims: (i) a lump sum payment equal to two times the sum of his annual base salary and target cash annual incentive, (ii) a pro-rata portion of the cash annual incentive for the year in which the termination occurs, based on actual performance, and (iii) a lump sum amount equal to 18 months of the employer-portion of insurance premiums under the Consolidated Omnibus Budget and Reconciliation Act of 1985, as amended (i.e., COBRA).
Pursuant to his employment offer letter, in the event of an involuntary termination of employment, Mr. Hurdle was eligible for 52 weeks of pay equal to his salary at the time of termination as well as other benefits specified in the Companys Executive Severance Plan.
Incentive Plan Termination of Employment Provisions. Under our 2008 Plan (except as provided below for Mr. Steffey), restricted stock, restricted stock unit and performance unit awards immediately vest and become nonforfeitable in case of death or disability, but are forfeited in the event of other forms of employment termination. The amount payable with respect to the performance units in case of death or disability will be a pro rata amount based on the length of service during the three year performance period. For stock option awards (except as provided below for Mr. Steffey), if the termination is due to:
| Death or disability, options become fully exercisable and remain exercisable from the date of termination due to death or disability until the first to occur of (a) the expiration date of the option and (b) one year after the date of termination. Any options not exercised within the allowed time period are automatically forfeited. |
| Retirement, options continue to vest for three years (but not longer than the options term) and any vested and exercisable options are exercisable from the date of retirement until the first to occur of (x) the expiration date of the option and (y) three years after the retirement date; any options that have not become exercisable are automatically forfeited. Any options not exercised within the allowed time period also are automatically forfeited. Retirement means termination after age 55 with at least five years of service. |
| Involuntary termination for reasons other than cause, options that are exercisable on the date of termination remain exercisable from that termination date until the first to occur of (a) the expiration date of the option and (b) 90 days from the termination date. Any unexercisable options on the date of termination are automatically forfeited and options not exercised within the allowed time period are automatically forfeited. |
| Voluntary termination of employment or service (for reasons other than retirement, death or disability), options that are exercisable on the date of termination remain exercisable from that termination date until the first to occur of (a) the expiration date of the option and (b) 30 days after the termination date. Any unexercisable options on the termination date are automatically forfeited. Any options not exercised within the allowed time period also are automatically forfeited. |
| Termination for cause, the participant immediately and automatically forfeits all options and all rights to purchase shares of our stock. |
55
In addition, certain special vesting provisions apply to time-based restricted stock awards granted on May 19, 2011. For these awards, vesting upon (i) a termination due to the death or disability of the grantee, and (ii) an involuntary termination of the grantee during the two-year period following a change in control, is prorated based on the date of such termination. For terminations prior to May 19, 2013, the number of shares that vest would equal 50% of the total shares granted multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days elapsing between May 19, 2011 and the termination date, and the denominator of which is 730 (rounded up to the nearest whole share). For terminations after May 19, 2013, the number of shares that vest (in addition to the shares that would have become vested on May 19, 2013) would equal the result of the following formula (rounded up to the nearest whole share): A x (B/1095) (A (.5 x A)); where A equals the number of shares granted on May 19, 2011 and B equals the number of days elapsing between May 19, 2011 and the termination date.
Ms. OSullivan and Messrs. Ayers and Friesen also hold exercisable options under our prior plan, the Career Education Corporation 1998 Employee Incentive Compensation Plan (as amended, the 1998 Plan). The effect of a termination of employment on these options is consistent with that described above for options under the 2008 Plan that are exercisable on the date of termination except in the event of retirement, in which case the options held under the 1998 Plan will remain exercisable until the first to occur of (a) the expiration date of the option and (b) 90 days from the termination date.
Mr. Steffeys stock option, stock appreciation right, cash-settled restricted stock unit and performance unit awards made in 2013 have vesting provisions that differ from that described above. In the event of a Qualifying Termination: (i) the stock options and stock appreciation rights will vest in full on the termination date and remain exercisable for three years after termination; (ii) the cash-settled restricted stock units will vest in full on the termination date, subject to achievement of the applicable revenue target performance measure; and (iii) the performance unit award will vest based on actual performance results and will be paid at such time as the award would otherwise have been paid. In the event Mr. Steffeys employment terminates by reason of death or disability (as defined in the letter agreement), the stock options and stock appreciation rights will vest in full and remain exercisable for one year following termination, the restricted stock units will vest in full and the performance unit award will vest and become payable at the target level. In the event of Mr. Steffeys retirement, vested stock options and stock appreciation rights will remain exercisable for three years following such retirement. In no event will the stock options and stock appreciation rights remain exercisable beyond their original term.
Equity Plan Change in Control Provisions. Under the 2008 Plan, a change in control is deemed to have occurred if any of the following events occur:
| Any corporation, person or other entity (other than us, our majority-owned subsidiary or any of its subsidiaries, or an employee benefit plan (or related trust) sponsored or maintained by us), including persons or entities acting as a group, becomes the beneficial owner of stock representing more than 35% of our common stock. |
| Our stockholders approve our merger or consolidation with or into another corporation other than a majority-owned subsidiary, or an agreement to sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets, and the members of the Board of Directors prior to that approval do not represent a majority of the directors of the surviving, resulting or acquiring entity or the parent of that entity. |
| Our stockholders approve a plan of liquidation. |
| Within any period of 24 consecutive months, the members of the Board of Directors immediately prior to the 24-month period, together with any persons first elected as directors (other than as a result of any settlement of a proxy or consent solicitation contest or any action taken to avoid a contest) during the 24-month period by or on the recommendation of the Board immediately prior to that 24-month period and who constituted a majority of the Board at the time of election, cease to constitute a majority of the Board. |
56
The 2008 Plan is a double-trigger plan that provides that upon both (1) a change in control and (2) an involuntary termination of the award holders employment or service by us or our successor other than for cause (as defined in the 2008 Plan) during the two-year period following the change in control, that award holders stock options shall become exercisable and shares of restricted stock, restricted stock units and performance units shall become vested. All performance goals will be deemed to have been met.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, for awards made to Mr. Steffey in 2013, if a Qualifying Termination occurs within 18 months after a change in control, the cash-settled restricted stock units will become vested assuming achievement of the revenue target performance measure and the performance unit award will vest and be paid to Mr. Steffey based on the greater of target performance or actual performance as of the date of the Change in Control.
The only awards outstanding under the 1998 Plan are currently exercisable stock options.
Messrs. Lesnik and Hurdle.
Mr. Lesnik served as President and Chief Executive Officer from October 31, 2011 through April 7, 2013. In addition, Mr. Lesnik served as Chairman and as a member of the Board through the 2013 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. On February 26, 2013, the Company entered into a letter agreement with Mr. Lesnik (the Lesnik Letter Agreement) in which Mr. Lesnik agreed to continue to serve as the Companys Chief Executive Officer, an employee or consultant agent to the Company from the date of the Lesnik Letter Agreement until March 31, 2014 (the Term). Pursuant to the Lesnik Letter Agreement, Mr. Lesnik received his salary of $83,333 per month through the end of the Term. The Lesnik Letter Agreement does not provide for any severance payments or benefits in connection with a termination of employment or service with the Company, and therefore Mr. Lesnik did not receive any severance payments or benefits in connection with his transition from employee to consultant or at the end of the Term.
Pursuant to the terms of the Lesnik Letter Agreement, on March 4, 2013 the Compensation Committee granted Mr. Lesnik: (i) time-based options (the 2013 Lesnik Options) to purchase 450,000 shares of Company common stock; and (ii) 299,401 performance-based cash-settled restricted stock units (the 2013 Lesnik RSUs). The 2013 Lesnik Options have an exercise price of $2.72, the closing price of the Companys common stock on the date of grant and became exercisable in twelve equal monthly installments in accordance with the terms thereof. These options and other exercisable options held by Mr. Lesnik will remain exercisable for three years following the end of the Term (unless they expire sooner) in accordance with their terms. The 2013 Lesnik RSUs vested on March 14, 2014 and have been settled in accordance with the terms thereof. No accelerated vesting occurred with respect to these or any other awards in connection with Mr. Lesniks transition from employee to consultant or at the end of the Term. Unexercisable options held by Mr. Lesnik at the end of the Term will be forfeited in accordance with the terms thereof, except for the price-vesting options granted to him in 2012 which remain outstanding and will become exercisable if the price condition is met by February 28, 2015.
Mr. Hurdles employment offer letter provided Mr. Hurdle with 52 weeks of pay equal to his salary at the time of termination as well as other benefits specified in the Companys Executive Severance Plan in the event of an involuntary termination of employment. As a result, Mr. Hurdle received a lump sum base salary amount of $330,000 and pro rata annual incentive amount of $32,784 in connection with his departure from the Company in August 2013. No additional amounts were paid.
Potential Payments. The following tables describe the benefits to which the named executive officers (other than Messrs. Lesnik and Hurdle, who are addressed above) would have been entitled under the arrangements described above (1) if the named executive officer had terminated employment pursuant to (a) a voluntary termination, (b) retirement, (c) an involuntary termination other than for cause, (d) the named executive officers death or disability, or (e) a termination for cause (as defined in the 2008 Plan or any applicable employment letter agreement), in any such case on December 31, 2013, or (2) upon a change in
57
control of the Company and a concurrent involuntary termination of the named executive officers employment on December 31, 2013. For Mr. Steffey, the involuntary termination other than for cause scenario also includes a resignation by Mr. Steffey for good reason (as defined in his employment letter agreement). Information regarding the calculation of certain amounts is provided below the tables. Information regarding non-discriminatory group welfare benefit plans is excluded from the tables below as permitted by applicable regulations.
Scott W. Steffey
Executive Benefits and Payments Upon Termination |
Voluntary Termination |
Normal Retirement |
Involuntary Not for Cause Termination |
Death or Disability |
For Cause Termination |
Change in Control |
||||||||||||||||||
Compensation: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lump Sum |
$ | | $ | | $ | 3,000,000 | $ | | $ | | $ | 3,000,000 | ||||||||||||
Accrued & Pro Rata Annual Incentive |
$ | 274,148 | $ | 274,148 | $ | 274,148 | $ | 274,148 | $ | | $ | 274,148 | ||||||||||||
Performance-Based RSUs |
$ | | $ | | $ | 2,020,907 | $ | 2,020,907 | $ | | $ | 2,020,907 | ||||||||||||
Stock Options and SARs |
$ | | $ | 1,692,149 | $ | 2,256,198 | $ | 2,256,198 | $ | | $ | 2,256,198 | ||||||||||||
Performance Units |
$ | | $ | | $ | 1,040,000 | $ | 1,040,000 | $ | | $ | 1,040,000 | ||||||||||||
Benefits and Perquisites: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
COBRA Benefits |
$ | | $ | | $ | 9,034 | $ | | $ | | $ | 9,034 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total: |
$ | 274,148 | $ | 1,966,297 | $ | 8,600,287 | $ | 5,591,253 | $ | | $ | 8,600,287 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Colleen M. OSullivan
Executive Benefits and Payments Upon Termination |
Voluntary Termination |
Normal Retirement |
Involuntary Not for Cause Termination |
Death or Disability |
For Cause Termination |
Change in Control |
||||||||||||||||||
Compensation: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Base Salary Lump Sum |
$ | | $ | | $ | 177,500 | $ | | $ | | $ | 177,500 | ||||||||||||
Accrued & Pro Rata Annual Incentive |
$ | 54,720 | $ | 54,720 | $ | 54,720 | $ | 54,720 | $ | | $ | 54,720 | ||||||||||||
Restricted Shares or Units |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 422,228 | $ | | $ | 422,228 | ||||||||||||
Stock Options |
$ | | $ | 173,325 | $ | | $ | 227,313 | $ | | $ | 227,313 | ||||||||||||
Performance Units |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 59,167 | $ | | $ | 177,500 | ||||||||||||
Benefits and Perquisites: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
COBRA Benefits |
$ | | $ | | $ | 5,486 | $ | | $ | | $ | 5,486 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total: |
$ | 54,720 | $ | 228,045 | $ | 237,706 | $ | 763,428 | $ | | $ | 1,064,747 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
58
Jeffrey D. Ayers
Executive Benefits
and |
Voluntary Termination |
Normal Retirement |
Involuntary Not for Cause Termination |
Death or Disability |
For Cause Termination |
Change in Control |
||||||||||||||||||
Compensation: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Base Salary Lump Sum |
$ | | $ | | $ | 190,000 | $ | | $ | | $ | 190,000 | ||||||||||||
Accrued & Pro Rata Annual Incentive |
$ | 58,573 | $ | 58,573 | $ | 58,573 | $ | 58,573 | $ | | $ | 58,573 | ||||||||||||
Restricted Shares or Units |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 477,346 | $ | | $ | 477,346 | ||||||||||||
Stock Options |
$ | | $ | 173,373 | $ | | $ | 231,165 | $ | | $ | 231,165 | ||||||||||||
Performance Units |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 63,333 | $ | | $ | 190,000 | ||||||||||||
Benefits and Perquisites: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
COBRA Benefits |
$ | | $ | | $ | 5,486 | &nb |