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AS FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ON AUGUST 21, 2001
REGISTRATION NO. 333-
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
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FORM S-3
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
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AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER)
DELAWARE 23-1722724
(STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF (I.R.S. EMPLOYER
INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION) IDENTIFICATION NUMBER)
1345 ENTERPRISE DRIVE
WEST CHESTER, PENNSYLVANIA 19380
(610) 431-9600
(ADDRESS, INCLUDING ZIP CODE, AND TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE, OF
REGISTRANT'S PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES)
KEVIN HERON, ESQ.
GENERAL COUNSEL
1345 ENTERPRISE DRIVE
WEST CHESTER, PENNSYLVANIA 19380
(610) 431-9600
(NAME, ADDRESS, INCLUDING ZIP CODE, AND TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE,
OF AGENT FOR SERVICE)
COPIES TO:
BRUCE M. MCNAMARA, ESQ.
THOMAS I. SAVAGE, ESQ.
AISHA KELLEY, ESQ.
WILSON SONSINI GOODRICH & ROSATI
PROFESSIONAL CORPORATION
650 PAGE MILL ROAD
PALO ALTO, CALIFORNIA 94304
(650) 493-9300
APPROXIMATE DATE OF COMMENCEMENT OF PROPOSED SALE TO THE PUBLIC:
From time to time after the effective date of this Registration Statement.
If the only securities being registered on this form are being offered
pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following
box. [ ]
If any of the securities being registered on this form are to be offered on
a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of
1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest
reinvestment plans, check the following box. [X]
If this form is filed to register additional securities for an offering
pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box
and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier
effective registration statement for the same offering. [ ] __________
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c)
under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act
registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement
for the same offering. [ ] __________
If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434,
please check the following box. [ ]
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CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
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PROPOSED MAXIMUM PROPOSED MAXIMUM
TITLE OF EACH CLASS OF AMOUNT TO BE OFFERING PRICE AGGREGATE OFFERING AMOUNT OF
SECURITIES TO BE REGISTERED REGISTERED PER UNIT(1) PRICE(1) REGISTRATION FEE(2)
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5.75% Convertible Subordinated Notes
due 2006............................. $250,000,000 100% $250,000,000 $62,500
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Common Stock, $0.001 par value,
issuable upon conversion of the
Notes............................... Shares(3) N/A N/A N/A
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(1) Estimated solely for purposes of calculation of the registration fee
pursuant to Rule 457(c) promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended; based on the average of the high and low prices of the Registrant's
Notes on the PORTAL Market on August 21, 2001.
(2) Pursuant to Rule 457(i) there is no filing fee with respect to the shares of
common stock issuable upon conversion of the Notes because no additional
consideration will be received in connection with the exercise of such
conversion privilege.
(3) Plus such additional indeterminate number of shares as may become issuable
upon conversion of the Notes being registered hereunder by means of
adjustment to the conversion price.
THE REGISTRANT HEREBY AMENDS THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT ON SUCH DATE OR
DATES AS MAY BE NECESSARY TO DELAY ITS EFFECTIVE DATE UNTIL THE REGISTRANT SHALL
FILE A FURTHER AMENDMENT WHICH SPECIFICALLY STATES THAT THIS REGISTRATION
STATEMENT SHALL THEREAFTER BECOME EFFECTIVE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 8(a) OF
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR UNTIL THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT
SHALL BECOME EFFECTIVE ON SUCH DATE AS THE COMMISSION, ACTING PURSUANT TO SAID
SECTION 8(a), MAY DETERMINE.
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THE INFORMATION IN THIS PROSPECTUS IS NOT COMPLETE AND MAY BE CHANGED. WE MAY
NOT SELL THESE SECURITIES UNTIL THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FILED WITH THE
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION IS EFFECTIVE. THIS PROSPECTUS IS NOT AN OFFER
TO SELL THESE SECURITIES AND IT IS NOT SOLICITING AN OFFER TO BUY THESE
SECURITIES IN ANY STATE WHERE THE OFFER AND SALE IS NOT PERMITTED.
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED AUGUST , 2001
$250,000,000
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
5.75% CONVERTIBLE SUBORDINATED NOTES DUE 2006 (THE "NOTES")
AND THE COMMON STOCK ISSUABLE UPON CONVERSION OF THE NOTES
We issued the Notes in a private placement in May 2001. This prospectus will
be used by holders of Notes, to whom we also refer as the selling security
holders, to resell their Notes and the common stock issuable upon conversion of
their Notes.
The Notes are convertible prior to maturity into our common stock at an
initial conversion price of $35.00 per share, subject to adjustment in certain
events. We will pay interest on the Notes on June 1 and December 1 of each year,
beginning on December 1, 2001. The Notes will mature on June 1, 2006, unless
earlier converted or redeemed.
We may redeem all or a portion of the Notes after June 4, 2004 under the
circumstances and at the prices described in this prospectus. In addition, the
holders may require us to repurchase the Notes upon a change of control or the
occurrence of other designated events prior to June 1, 2006.
The reported last sales price of our common stock on the Nasdaq National
Market on August 16, 2001 was $16.52 per share. Our common stock is traded on
the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol "AMKR."
THE SECURITIES OFFERED HEREBY INVOLVE A HIGH DEGREE OF RISK.
SEE "RISK FACTORS" BEGINNING ON PAGE 4.
NEITHER THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION NOR ANY STATE SECURITIES
COMMISSION HAS APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED OF THESE SECURITIES OR DETERMINED IF THIS
PROSPECTUS IS TRUTHFUL OR COMPLETE. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A
CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
This prospectus is dated , 2001
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YOU SHOULD RELY ONLY ON THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN OR INCORPORATED BY
REFERENCE IN THIS PROSPECTUS. WE HAVE NOT AUTHORIZED ANYONE TO PROVIDE YOU WITH
DIFFERENT INFORMATION. WE ARE NOT MAKING AN OFFER OF THESE SECURITIES IN ANY
STATE WHERE THE OFFER IS NOT PERMITTED. YOU SHOULD NOT ASSUME THAT THE
INFORMATION CONTAINED IN OR INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE IN ANY PROSPECTUS
SUPPLEMENT OR THIS PROSPECTUS IS ACCURATE AS OF ANY DATE OTHER THAN THE DATE ON
THE FRONT OF THOSE DOCUMENTS.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
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Where You Can Find More Information.............. ii
Forward-Looking Statements....................... ii
Summary.......................................... 1
The Offering..................................... 2
Risk Factors..................................... 4
Use of Proceeds.................................. 13
Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges............... 13
PAGE
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Description of Notes............................. 14
Description of Capital Stock..................... 32
Certain Federal Income Tax Considerations........ 35
Selling Security Holders......................... 41
Plan of Distribution............................. 44
Legal Matters.................................... 45
Experts.......................................... 46
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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We file reports, proxy statements and other information with the Commission,
in accordance with the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. You may read and copy
our reports, proxy statements and other information filed by us at the public
reference facilities of the Commission at Room 1024, Judiciary Plaza, 450 Fifth
Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549, and at the Commission's Regional Offices;
7 World Trade Center, 13th Floor, New York, New York 10048. Copies of such
materials can be obtained at prescribed rates from the Public Reference Section
of the Commission at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call
the Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information about the public
reference rooms. Our reports, proxy statements and other information filed with
the Commission are available to the public over the Internet at the Commission's
World Wide Web site at http://www.sec.gov.
The Commission allows us to "incorporate by reference" into this prospectus
the information we filed with the Commission. This means that we can disclose
important information by referring you to those documents. The information
incorporated by reference is considered to be a part of this prospectus.
Information that we file later with the Commission will automatically update and
supersede this information. We incorporate by reference the documents listed
below and any future filings made by us with the Commission under Sections
13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act until our offering is complete:
1. Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31,
2000, filed with the SEC on April 2, 2001, the amendment thereto filed with
the SEC on April 30, 2001 and the amendment thereto filed with the SEC on
May 16, 2001;
2. Our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31,
2001, filed with the SEC on May 15, 2001 and our Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2001, filed with the SEC on August 14,
2001;
3. Our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 26, 2001,
our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 11, 2001, our
Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 3, 2001, our Current Report on Form
8-K filed on April 2, 2001, our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February
16, 2001, our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 8, 2001 and our
Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 2, 2001; and
4. Our Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed on May 18, 2001.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus, including the sections entitled "Summary" and "Risk
Factors," contains forward-looking statements. These statements relate to future
events or our future financial performance and involve known and unknown risks,
uncertainties and other factors that may cause our or our industry's actual
results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially
different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or
achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such risks
and other factors include, among other things, those listed under "Risk Factors"
and elsewhere in this prospectus. In some cases, you can identify
forward-looking statements by terminology such as "may," "will," "should,"
"expects," "plans," "anticipates," "believes," "estimates," "predicts,"
"potential," "continue" or the negative of such terms or other comparable
terminology. These statements are only predictions. Actual events or results may
differ materially. In evaluating these statements, you should specifically
consider various factors, including the risks outlined under "Risk Factors."
These factors may cause our actual results to differ materially from any
forward-looking statement.
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Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking
statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of
activity, performance or achievements. Moreover, neither any other person nor we
assume responsibility for the accuracy and completeness of such statements.
Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and we
undertake no obligation to update publicly any of them in light of new
information or future events.
You may request a copy of these filings, at no cost, by writing or
telephoning us at the following address:
Investor Relations Department
Attn: Jeff Luth
Amkor Technology, Inc.
1345 Enterprise Drive
West Chester, PA 19380
Tel: (610) 431-9600
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SUMMARY
The following summary highlights selected information from this prospectus
and may not contain all of the information that is important to you. You should
read this prospectus in its entirety for specific terms of the Notes.
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
Amkor is the world's largest independent provider of semiconductor packaging
and test services. We believe that we are also one of the leading developers of
advanced semiconductor packaging and test technology. We offer one of the
industry's broadest integrated sets of packaging and test services, which are
the final procedures necessary to prepare semiconductor devices for further use.
Our customers outsource the packaging and testing of semiconductor chips to us
in order to benefit from our expertise in the development and implementation of
our technology and our advanced manufacturing capabilities. We also market the
wafer fabrication services provided by a foundry owned by Anam Semiconductor,
Inc. ("ASI"). Our customers include, among others, Agere Systems, Inc., Altera
Corporation, Infineon Technologies AG, Intel Corporation, LSI Logic Corporation,
Motorola, Inc., Philips Electronics N.V., ST Microelectronics PTE, Texas
Instruments, Inc. and Toshiba Corporation.
We generate revenues primarily from the sale of semiconductor packaging and
test services. In addition, we generate revenue by marketing the wafer
fabrication services performed by the foundry owned by ASI. Historically, we
performed packaging and test services at our factories in the Philippines and
subcontracted for additional services with ASI, which operated four packaging
and test facilities in Korea. In May 1999, we acquired K4, one of ASI's
packaging and test facilities, for $582.0 million. In May 2000, we acquired
ASI's remaining three packaging and test facilities, K1, K2 and K3, for a
purchase price of $950.0 million. In connection with our purchase of K1, K2 and
K3, we made an additional equity investment in ASI of $459.0 million, and as a
result we now own 42% of ASI. With the completion of our acquisition of K1, K2
and K3, we no longer depend upon ASI for packaging or test services, although we
continue to market ASI's wafer fabrication services.
We were incorporated in Delaware in 1997. Our principal offices are located
at 1345 Enterprise Drive, West Chester, PA 19380. Information contained in our
website does not constitute part of this prospectus. Our telephone number is
(610) 431-9600 and our website can be accessed at www.amkor.com.
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THE OFFERING
Issuer........................ Amkor Technology, Inc.
Securities Offered............ $250 million aggregate principal amount of the
Notes.
Offering Price................ 100% of the principal amount of the Notes, plus
accrued interest from May 25, 2001.
Maturity...................... The Notes will mature on June 1, 2006 unless
earlier redeemed or converted.
Payment of Interest........... Interest on the Notes at the rate of 5.75% per
annum is payable semi-annually on June 1 and
December 1 of each year, commencing December 1,
2001.
Conversion Rights............. The Notes are convertible into our common stock
at the option of the holder at any time on or
before the close of business on the last
trading day prior to maturity, unless
previously redeemed, at a conversion price of
$35.00 per share, subject to adjustment in
certain events. See "Description of
Notes -- Conversion."
Redemption at the Option of
the Company................... On or after June 4, 2004, we may, upon at least
15 days notice, redeem the Notes at the
redemption prices set forth herein, together
with accrued and unpaid interest and liquidated
damages, if any, thereon. See "Description of
Notes -- Optional Redemption."
Repurchase at the Option of
the Holder.................... The Notes are required to be repurchased at
101% of their principal amount together with
accrued and unpaid interest and liquidated
damages, if any, thereon, at the option of the
holder, upon the occurrence of a designated
event (a change of control or a termination of
trading (each as defined)). See "Description of
Notes -- Repurchase at Option of Holders Upon a
Designated Event."
Subordination................. The Notes are unsecured obligations of Amkor
and are subordinated in right of payment to all
of our existing and future senior debt and
effectively subordinated to all existing and
future liabilities and obligations of our
subsidiaries. As of June 30, 2001, we had
approximately $1.599 billion of outstanding
indebtedness that would have constituted debt
senior to the Notes. As of such date, the
indebtedness and other liabilities of our
subsidiaries (excluding intercompany
liabilities and obligations of a type not
required to be reflected on the balance sheet
of such subsidiary in accordance with GAAP)
that effectively was senior to the Notes were
approximately $257 million. The Notes rank
equal in right of payment to our outstanding
5.00% Convertible Subordinated Notes due 2007.
See "Description of Notes -- Subordination."
Registration Rights........... We filed a shelf registration statement under
the Securities Act relating to resales of the
Notes and the common stock issuable upon
conversion thereof. We have agreed to use
reasonable efforts to keep
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effective such registration statement, of which
this prospectus forms a part. See "Description
of Notes -- Registration Rights."
Risk Factors.................. See "Risk Factors" and other information in
this prospectus for a discussion of the factors
you should carefully consider before deciding
to invest in the Notes or the Common Stock
issued upon conversion of the Notes.
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RISK FACTORS
You should carefully consider the risks described below and the other
information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus. The risks
and uncertainties described below are not the only ones facing our company.
Additional risks and uncertainties that are presently unknown to us or that we
currently deem immaterial may also impair our business operations. We cannot
assure you that any of the events discussed in the risk factors below will not
occur. If they do, our business, financial condition or results of operations
could be materially adversely affected. In such case, the trading price of our
securities could decline, and you might lose all or part of your investment. You
should also carefully consider the risks described in "Risk Factors that May
Affect Future Operating Performance" in the section entitled "Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation" in our
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2000 and other
documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus.
This prospectus contains forward-looking statements made as of the date of
this prospectus regarding our expected performance that involve risks and
uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated
in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including
the risks faced by us described below and elsewhere in this prospectus.
DEPENDENCE ON THE HIGHLY CYCLICAL SEMICONDUCTOR AND ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS
INDUSTRIES -- WE OPERATE IN VOLATILE INDUSTRIES, AND INDUSTRY DOWNTURNS HARM OUR
PERFORMANCE.
Our business is tied to market conditions in the semiconductor industry,
which is highly cyclical. Because our business is, and will continue to be,
dependent on the requirements of semiconductor companies for independent
packaging, test and wafer fabrication services, any downturn in the
semiconductor industry or any other industry that uses a significant number of
semiconductor devices, such as the personal computer and telecommunication
devices industries, could have a material adverse effect on our business.
CONDITIONS IN THE SEMICONDUCTOR INDUSTRY HAVE WEAKENED SIGNIFICANTLY AND COULD
REMAIN WEAK OR WORSEN -- WE HAVE BEEN, AND MAY CONTINUE TO BE, AFFECTED BY THESE
TRENDS.
The semiconductor industry has weakened significantly recently and
conditions are expected to remain weak during 2001. The significant uncertainty
throughout the industry related to market demand is hindering the visibility
throughout the supply chain and that lack of visibility makes it difficult to
forecast the end of the weakness in the semiconductor industry. There can be no
assurance that overall industry conditions will not weaken further or last
longer than we currently expect, or what impact such a further or prolonged
weakening would have on our business.
FLUCTUATIONS IN OPERATING RESULTS -- OUR OPERATING RESULTS MAY VARY
SIGNIFICANTLY AS A RESULT OF FACTORS THAT WE CANNOT CONTROL.
Our operating results have varied significantly from period to period. Many
factors could materially and adversely affect our revenues, gross profit and
operating income, or lead to significant variability of quarterly or annual
operating results. These factors include, among others:
- the cyclical nature of both the semiconductor industry and the markets
addressed by end-users of semiconductors,
- the short-term nature of our customers' commitments, timing and volume of
orders relative to our production capacity,
- changes in our capacity utilization,
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- evolutions in the life cycles of our customers' products,
- rescheduling and cancellation of large orders,
- erosion of packaging selling prices,
- fluctuations in wafer fabrication service charges paid to ASI,
- changes in costs, availability and delivery times of raw materials and
components and changes in costs and availability of labor,
- fluctuations in manufacturing yields,
- changes in product mix,
- timing of expenditures in anticipation of future orders,
- availability and cost of financing for expansion,
- ability to develop and implement new technologies on a timely basis,
- competitive factors,
- changes in effective tax rates,
- loss of key personnel or the shortage of available skilled workers,
- international political or economic events,
- currency and interest rate fluctuations,
- environmental events, and
- intellectual property transactions and disputes.
DECLINING AVERAGE SELLING PRICES -- THE SEMICONDUCTOR INDUSTRY PLACES DOWNWARD
PRESSURE ON THE PRICES OF OUR PRODUCTS.
Historically, prices for our packaging and test services and wafer
fabrication services have declined over time. We expect that average selling
prices for our packaging and test services will continue to decline in the
future. If we cannot reduce the cost of our packaging and test services and
wafer fabrication services to offset a decline in average selling prices, our
future operating results could suffer.
RELATIONSHIP WITH ASI -- OUR BUSINESS PERFORMANCE CAN BE ADVERSELY AFFECTED BY
ASI'S FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OR A DISRUPTION IN THE WAFER FABRICATION SERVICES
ASI PROVIDES TO US.
We report ASI's financial results in our financial statements, and if ASI
encounters financial difficulties, our financial performance could suffer. As of
June 30, 2001 we owned approximately 42% of ASI's outstanding voting stock.
Accordingly, we report ASI's financial results in our financial statements
through the equity method of accounting. If ASI's results of operations are
adversely affected for any reason, our results of operations will suffer as
well. Financial or other problems affecting ASI could also lead to a complete
loss of our investment in ASI. Our wafer fabrication business may suffer if ASI
reduces its operations or if our relationship with ASI is disrupted.
Our wafer fabrication business depends on ASI providing wafer fabrication
services on a timely basis. If ASI were to significantly reduce or curtail its
operations for any reason, or if our relationship with ASI were to be disrupted
for any reason, our wafer fabrication business would be harmed. We may not be
able to identify and qualify alternate suppliers of wafer fabrication services
quickly, if at all. In addition, we currently have no
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other qualified third party suppliers of wafer fabrication services and do not
have any plans to qualify additional third party suppliers.
The weakness in the semiconductor industry is also adversely affecting the
demand for the wafer output from ASI's foundry. Beginning in the fourth quarter
and continuing into 2001, demand for wafers deteriorated significantly. We
expect, as a result of the weaker demand for the wafer output from ASI's
foundry, our wafer fabrication services results and ASI's operating results will
continue to be adversely impacted in 2001.
ABSENCE OF BACKLOG -- WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO ADJUST COSTS QUICKLY IF OUR
CUSTOMERS' DEMAND FALLS SUDDENLY.
Our packaging and test business does not typically operate with any material
backlog. We expect that in the future our packaging and test net revenues in any
quarter will continue to be substantially dependent upon our customers' demand
in that quarter. None of our customers has committed to purchase any significant
amount of packaging or test services or to provide us with binding forecasts of
demand for packaging and test services for any future period. In addition, our
customers could reduce, cancel or delay their purchases of packaging and test
services. Because a large portion of our costs is fixed and our expense levels
are based in part on our expectations of future revenues, we may be unable to
adjust costs in a timely manner to compensate for any revenue shortfall.
RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS -- WE DEPEND ON OUR FACTORIES IN
THE PHILIPPINES, KOREA AND JAPAN. MANY OF OUR CUSTOMERS' OPERATIONS ARE ALSO
LOCATED OUTSIDE OF THE U.S.
We provide packaging and test services through our factories located in the
Philippines, Korea and Japan. We also source wafer fabrication services from
ASI's wafer fabrication facility in Korea. In addition, we are beginning
operations in China. Moreover, many of our customers' operations are located
outside the U.S. The following are some of the risks inherent in doing business
internationally:
- regulatory limitations imposed by foreign governments;
- fluctuations in currency exchange rates;
- political risks;
- disruptions or delays in shipments caused by customs brokers or government
agencies;
- unexpected changes in regulatory requirements, tariffs, customs, duties
and other trade barriers;
- difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations; and
- potentially adverse tax consequences resulting from changes in tax laws.
MANAGEMENT OF GROWTH -- WE FACE CHALLENGES AS WE INTEGRATE NEW AND DIVERSE
OPERATIONS AND TRY TO ATTRACT QUALIFIED EMPLOYEES TO SUPPORT OUR EXPANSION
PLANS.
We have experienced, and may continue to experience, growth in the scope and
complexity of our operations and in the number of our employees. This growth has
strained our managerial, financial, manufacturing and other resources. Future
acquisitions may result in inefficiencies as we integrate new operations and
manage geographically diverse operations.
In order to manage our growth, we must continue to implement additional
operating and financial systems and controls. For example, we currently are in
the process of implementing a new management enterprise resource planning
system. If we fail to successfully implement such systems and controls in a
timely and cost-effective manner as we grow, our business and financial
performance could be materially adversely affected.
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Our success depends to a significant extent upon the continued service of
our key senior management and technical personnel, any of whom would be
difficult to replace. In addition, in connection with our expansion plans, we
will be required to increase the number of qualified engineers and other
employees at our existing factories, as well as factories we may acquire.
Competition for qualified employees is intense, and our business could be
adversely affected by the loss of the services of any of our existing key
personnel. We cannot assure you that we will continue to be successful in hiring
and properly training sufficient numbers of qualified personnel and in
effectively managing our growth. Our inability to attract, retain, motivate and
train qualified new personnel could have a material adverse effect on our
business.
RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH OUR WAFER FABRICATION BUSINESS -- OUR WAFER FABRICATION
BUSINESS IS SUBSTANTIALLY DEPENDENT ON TEXAS INSTRUMENTS.
Our wafer fabrication business depends significantly upon Texas Instruments.
An agreement with ASI and Texas Instruments requires Texas Instruments to
purchase from us at least 40% of the capacity of ASI's wafer fabrication
facility, and under certain circumstances, Texas Instruments has the right to
purchase from us up to 70% of this capacity. From time to time, Texas
Instruments has failed to meet its minimum purchase obligations, and we cannot
assure you that Texas Instruments will meet its purchase obligations in the
future. If Texas Instruments fails to meet its purchase obligations, our
company's and ASI's businesses could be harmed. The capacity utilization of
ASI's wafer foundry has decreased significantly in 2001 as a result of the
weakness in the semiconductor industry. Texas Instruments as of the date of this
filing was not meeting the minimum purchase commitment and we along with ASI
negotiated a resolution of the shortfall with Texas Instruments to partially
offset the decrease in demand.
Texas Instruments has transferred certain of its complementary metal oxide
silicon ("CMOS") process technology to ASI, and ASI is dependent upon Texas
Instruments' assistance for developing other state-of-the-art wafer
manufacturing processes. In addition, ASI's technology agreements with Texas
Instruments only cover 0.25 micron and 0.18 micron CMOS process technology.
Texas Instruments has not granted ASI a license under Texas Instruments' patents
to manufacture semiconductor wafers for third parties. Moreover, Texas
Instruments has no obligation to transfer any next-generation technology to ASI.
Our company's and ASI's businesses could be harmed if ASI cannot obtain new
technology on commercially reasonable terms or ASI's relationship with Texas
Instruments is disrupted for any reason.
DEPENDENCE ON MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT SUPPLIERS -- OUR BUSINESS MAY SUFFER IF
THE COST OR SUPPLY OF MATERIALS OR EQUIPMENT CHANGES ADVERSELY.
We obtain from various vendors the materials and equipment required for the
packaging and test services performed by our factories. We source most of our
materials, including critical materials such as leadframes and laminate
substrates, from a limited group of suppliers. Furthermore, we purchase all of
our materials on a purchase order basis and have no long-term contracts with any
of our suppliers. Our business may be harmed if we cannot obtain materials and
other supplies from our vendors: (1) in a timely manner, (2) in sufficient
quantities, (3) in acceptable quality and (4) at competitive prices.
RAPID TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE -- OUR BUSINESS WILL SUFFER IF WE CANNOT KEEP UP WITH
TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES IN OUR INDUSTRY.
The complexity and breadth of both semiconductor packaging and test services
and wafer fabrication are rapidly changing. As a result, we expect that we will
need to offer more advanced package designs and new wafer fabrication technology
in order to respond to competitive industry conditions and customer
requirements. Our success depends upon the ability of our company and ASI to
develop and implement new manufacturing processes and package design
technologies. The need to develop and maintain advanced packaging and wafer
fabrication capabilities and equipment could require significant research and
development and capital
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expenditures in future years. In addition, converting to new package designs or
process methodologies could result in delays in producing new package types or
advanced wafer designs that could adversely affect our ability to meet customer
orders.
Technological advances also typically lead to rapid and significant price
erosion and may make our existing products less competitive or our existing
inventories obsolete. If we cannot achieve advances in package design and wafer
fabrication technology or obtain access to advanced package designs and wafer
fabrication technology developed by others, our business could suffer.
COMPETITION -- WE COMPETE AGAINST LARGE AND ESTABLISHED COMPETITORS IN BOTH THE
PACKAGING AND TEST BUSINESS AND THE WAFER FABRICATION BUSINESS.
The independent semiconductor packaging and test market is very competitive.
This sector is comprised of 13 principal companies. We face substantial
competition from established packaging and test service providers primarily
located in Asia, including companies with significant manufacturing capacity,
financial resources, research and development operations, marketing and other
capabilities. These companies also have established relationships with many
large semiconductor companies that are current or potential customers of our
company. On a larger scale, we also compete with the internal semiconductor
packaging and test capabilities of many of our customers.
The independent wafer fabrication business is also highly competitive. Our
wafer fabrication services compete primarily with independent semiconductor
wafer foundries, including those of Chartered Semiconductor Manufacturing, Inc.,
Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. and United Microelectronics
Corporation. Each of these companies has significant manufacturing capacity,
financial resources, research and development operations, marketing and other
capabilities and has been operating for some time. Many of these companies have
also established relationships with many large semiconductor companies that are
current or potential customers of our company. If we cannot compete successfully
in the future against existing or potential competitors, our operating results
would suffer.
ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS -- FUTURE ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS COULD PLACE
ADDITIONAL BURDENS ON OUR MANUFACTURING OPERATIONS.
The semiconductor packaging process uses chemicals and gases and generates
byproducts that are subject to extensive governmental regulations. For example,
we produce liquid waste when silicon wafers are diced into chips with the aid of
diamond saws, then cooled with running water. Federal, state and local
regulations in the United States, as well as environmental regulations
internationally, impose various controls on the storage, handling, discharge and
disposal of chemicals used in our manufacturing processes and on the factories
we occupy.
Increasingly, public attention has focused on the environmental impact of
semiconductor manufacturing operations and the risk to neighbors of chemical
releases from such operations. In the future, applicable land use and
environmental regulations may: (1) impose upon us the need for additional
capital equipment or other process requirements, (2) restrict our ability to
expand our operations, (3) subject us to liability or (4) cause us to curtail
our operations.
PROTECTION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY -- WE MAY BECOME INVOLVED IN INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY LITIGATION.
As of July 31, 2001, we held 103 U.S. patents, we had 234 pending patents
and we were preparing an additional 37 patent applications for filing. In
addition to the U.S. patents, we held 516 patents in foreign jurisdictions. We
expect to continue to file patent applications when appropriate to protect our
proprietary technologies, but we cannot assure you that we will receive patents
from pending or future applications. In
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addition, any patents we obtain may be challenged, invalidated or circumvented
and may not provide meaningful protection or other commercial advantage to us.
We may need to enforce our patents or other intellectual property rights or
to defend our company against claimed infringement of the rights of others
through litigation, which could result in substantial cost and diversion of our
resources. If we fail to obtain necessary licenses or if we face litigation
relating to patent infringement or other intellectual property matters, our
business could suffer.
Although we are not currently a party to any material litigation, the
semiconductor industry is characterized by frequent claims regarding patent and
other intellectual property rights. If any third party makes a valid claim
against us, we could be required to:
- discontinue the use of certain processes;
- cease the manufacture, use, import and sale of infringing products;
- pay substantial damages;
- develop non-infringing technologies; or
- acquire licenses to the technology we had allegedly infringed.
Our business, financial condition and results of operations could be
materially and adversely affected by any of these negative developments.
In addition, Texas Instruments has granted ASI very limited licenses under
certain technology agreements, including a license under Texas Instruments'
trade secret rights to use Texas Instruments' technology in connection with
ASI's provision of wafer fabrication services. However, Texas Instruments has
not granted ASI a license under Texas Instruments' patents to manufacture
semiconductor wafers for third parties. Furthermore, Texas Instruments has
reserved the right to bring infringement claims against our customers or
customers of ASI with respect to semiconductor wafers purchased from us or ASI.
Such customers and others could in turn subject us or ASI to litigation in
connection with the sale of semiconductor wafers produced by ASI.
CONTINUED CONTROL BY EXISTING STOCKHOLDERS -- MR. JAMES KIM AND MEMBERS OF HIS
FAMILY CAN DETERMINE THE OUTCOME OF ALL MATTERS REQUIRING STOCKHOLDER APPROVAL.
As of July 31, 2001, Mr. James Kim and members of his family beneficially
owned approximately 48% of our outstanding common stock. Mr. James Kim's family,
acting together, will substantially control all matters submitted for approval
by our stockholders. These matters could include:
- the election of all of the members of our Board of Directors;
- proxy contests;
- approvals of transactions between our company and ASI or other entities in
which Mr. James Kim and members of his family have an interest, including
transactions which may involve a conflict of interest;
- mergers involving our company;
- tender offers; and
- open market purchase programs or other purchases of our common stock.
HIGH LEVERAGE AND RESTRICTIVE COVENANTS -- OUR SUBSTANTIAL INDEBTEDNESS COULD
MATERIALLY RESTRICT OUR OPERATIONS AND ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR FINANCIAL CONDITION.
We now have, and for the foreseeable future will have, a significant amount
of indebtedness. In addition, despite current debt levels, the terms of the
indentures governing our indebtedness do not prohibit us or our
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subsidiaries from incurring substantially more debt. If new debt is added to our
consolidated debt level, the related risks that we now face could intensify.
Covenants in the agreements governing our existing debt, and debt we may
incur in the future, may materially restrict our operations, including our
ability to incur debt, pay dividends, make certain investments and payments, and
incumber or dispose of assets. In addition, financial covenants contained in
agreements relating to our existing and future debt could lead to a default in
the event our results of operations do not meet our plans. A default under one
debt instrument may also trigger cross-defaults under our other debt
instruments. An event of default under any debt instrument, if not cured or
waived, could have a material adverse effect on us. Our substantial indebtedness
could:
- increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry
conditions;
- limit our ability to fund future working capital, capital expenditures,
research and development and other general corporate requirements;
- require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from
operations to service payments on our debt;
- limit our flexibility to react to changes in our business and the industry
in which we operate;
- place us at a competitive disadvantage to any of our competitors that have
less debt; and
- limit, along with the financial and other restrictive covenants in our
indebtedness, among other things, our ability to borrow additional funds.
STOCK PRICE VOLATILITY
The trading price of our common stock has been and is likely to continue to
be highly volatile and could be subject to wide fluctuations in response to
factors such as:
- actual or anticipated quarter-to-quarter variations in operating results;
- announcements of technological innovations or new products and services by
Amkor or our competitors;
- general conditions in the semiconductor industry;
- changes in earnings estimates or recommendations by analysts;
- developments affecting ASI; and
- or other events or factors, many of which are out of our control.
In addition, the stock market in general, and the Nasdaq National Market and
the markets for technology companies in particular, have experienced extreme
price and volume fluctuations. This volatility has affected the market prices of
securities of companies like ours for that have often been unrelated or
disproportionate to the operating performance. These broad market fluctuations
may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
RISKS RELATED TO AN INVESTMENT IN THE NOTES
SUBORDINATION OF NOTES -- THE NOTES ARE SUBORDINATED TO OUR SENIOR DEBT.
The Notes are unsecured and subordinated in right of payment in full to all
of our existing and future senior debt. As a result of such subordination, in
the event of bankruptcy, liquidation or reorganization of our company, or upon
the acceleration of any senior debt, our assets will be available to pay
obligations on the Notes only after all senior debt has been paid in full, and
there may not be sufficient assets remaining to pay amounts due on any or all of
the Notes then outstanding. The Notes are also effectively subordinated to the
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liabilities, including trade payables, of our subsidiaries. As of June 30, 2001,
we had approximately $1.599 billion of outstanding indebtedness that would have
constituted debt senior to the Notes, and the indebtedness and other liabilities
of our subsidiaries (excluding intercompany liabilities and obligations of a
type not required to be reflected on the balance sheet of such subsidiary in
accordance with GAAP) that would effectively have been senior to the Notes were
approximately $257 million. The incurrence of additional indebtedness by us or
our subsidiaries could adversely affect our ability to pay our obligations on
the Notes. The Indenture relating to the Notes will not limit the amount of
additional indebtedness, including senior debt, that we can create, incur,
assume or guarantee, nor will the Indenture limit the amount of indebtedness and
other liabilities that any of our subsidiaries can create, incur, assume or
guarantee. We anticipate that from time to time we will incur additional
indebtedness and other liabilities, including senior debt, and that from time to
time our subsidiaries will incur additional indebtedness and other liabilities.
The Notes are obligations exclusively of our company. However, since we
conduct our operations primarily through our subsidiaries, our cash flow and our
consequent ability to service our debt, including the Notes, depends primarily
upon the earnings of our subsidiaries and the distribution of those earnings to,
or upon loans or other payments of funds by those subsidiaries to, our company.
The payment of dividends and the making of loans and advances to us by our
subsidiaries may be subject to statutory or contractual restrictions, depend
upon the earnings of those subsidiaries and are subject to various business
considerations.
The Indenture for the Notes does not contain any financial performance
covenants. Consequently, we are not required under the Indenture to meet any
financial tests such as those that measure our working capital, interest
coverage, fixed charge coverage or net worth in order to maintain compliance
with the terms of the Indenture. See "Description of Notes -- Subordination."
REPURCHASES OF NOTES -- WE MAY BE LIMITED IN OUR ABILITY TO REPURCHASE THE
NOTES.
Upon the occurrence of certain events, including a change of control or a
termination of trading (each as defined in the Indenture for the Notes), each
holder of Notes will have certain rights, at the holder's option, to require us
to repurchase such holder's Notes. If any such event were to occur, there can be
no assurance that we would have sufficient funds to pay the repurchase price for
all Notes tendered by the holders thereof. In addition, the terms of our
existing or future credit or other agreements relating to indebtedness
(including senior debt) may prohibit us from purchasing any Notes and may also
provide that such an event, as well as certain other change-of-control events
with respect to us, would constitute an event of default thereunder. If such an
event occurs at a time when we are prohibited from purchasing Notes, we could
seek the consent of our lenders to the purchase of Notes or could attempt to
refinance the borrowings that contain such prohibition. If we do not obtain such
a consent or repay such borrowings, we would remain prohibited from purchasing
Notes. In such case, our failure to purchase tendered Notes would constitute an
event of default under the Indenture for the Notes, which may, in turn,
constitute a further default under the terms of other indebtedness that we have
entered into or may enter into from time to time. In such circumstances, the
subordination provisions in the Indenture would likely restrict payments to the
holders of Notes. See "Description of Notes -- Repurchase at Option of Holders
Upon a Designated Event."
NO PRIOR MARKET FOR THE NOTES -- WE CANNOT ASSURE YOU THAT AN ACTIVE TRADING
MARKET WILL DEVELOP FOR THE NOTES.
Prior to this offering, there was no active market for the Notes, and a
trading market may not develop for the Notes. In addition, the liquidity of the
trading markets in the Notes, and the market prices quoted for the Notes, may be
adversely affected by, among other things, changes in:
- the overall market for convertible securities,
- our financial performance or prospects,
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- the rating of our debt by the principal rating agencies, and
- the prospects for companies in the semiconductor industry generally.
As a result, we cannot assure holders of Notes that an active trading market
will develop for the Notes.
DIFFICULTIES IN ENFORCING JUDGMENTS IN FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS
Since a large portion of our assets are located outside the U.S., any
judgments obtained in the U.S. against us, including judgments with respect to
the payment of principal, premium, interest, offer price, or other amounts
payable with respect to the Notes may not be collectible within the U.S. If
holders of Notes intend to enforce a judgment obtained in the U.S. against our
assets located outside the U.S., they may be subject to additional procedures
and other difficulties which would not be required for enforcement of such
judgment in the U.S.
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USE OF PROCEEDS
We will not receive any proceeds from the sale by any selling security
holder of the Notes or the common stock issued upon their conversion.
RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES
The ratio of earnings to fixed charges for each of the periods indicated is
as follows:
FISCAL YEAR ENDED
------------------------------------------------------------------------ SIX MONTHS ENDED
DECEMBER 31, DECEMBER 31, DECEMBER 31, DECEMBER 31, DECEMBER 31, JUNE 30,
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ----------------
Ratio of earnings to
fixed charges...... 2.4x 2.5x 4.4x 2.6x 2.4x --(1)
-------------------------
(1) The ratio of earnings to fixed charges was less than 1:1 for the six months
ended June 30, 2001. In order to achieve a ratio of earnings to fixed
charges of 1:1, we would have had to generate an additional $163.1 million
of earnings in the six months ended June 30, 2001.
We have calculated the ratio of earnings to fixed charges by dividing (1)
the sum of (x) income before income taxes, equity in income (loss) of investees
and minority interest plus (y) fixed charges by (2) fixed charges. Fixed charges
consist of interest expense plus one-third of rental expense. We believe that
one-third of rental expense is representative of the interest factor of rental
payments under our operating leases.
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DESCRIPTION OF NOTES
The Notes were issued under an indenture dated May 25, 2001 (the
"Indenture") between the Company and State Street Bank and Trust Company, as
trustee (the "Trustee"). A copy of the Indenture and the Registration Agreement
referred to below is available as set forth under "-- Additional Information"
below. The following is a summary of certain provisions of the Indenture and the
Registration Agreement and does not purport to be complete. Reference should be
made to all provisions of the Indenture and the Registration Agreement,
including the definitions therein of certain terms. Certain definitions of terms
used in the following summary are set forth under "-- Certain Definitions"
below. As used in this section, the "Company" means Amkor Technology, Inc., but
not any of its Subsidiaries, unless the context requires otherwise.
GENERAL
The Notes are unsecured obligations of the Company, subordinated in right of
payment to all Senior Debt as described under "-- Subordination" and convertible
into shares of the Company's common stock as described under "-- Conversion."
The Notes will mature on June 1, 2006 (the "Maturity Date") and will be limited
to an aggregate principal amount of $250 million. The Notes are issued in
denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in fully registered
form. The Notes are exchangeable and transfers thereof are registrable without
charge therefor, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to
cover any tax or other governmental charge in connection with such an exchange
or transfer.
The Notes accrue interest at a rate of 5.75% per annum from May 25, 2001, or
from the most recent interest payment date to which interest has been paid or
duly provided for, and accrued and unpaid interest is payable semi-annually in
arrears on June 1 and December 1 of each year beginning December 1, 2001.
Interest is paid to the person in whose name a Note is registered at the close
of business on the May 15 or November 15 immediately preceding the relevant
interest payment date (other than with respect to a Note or portion thereof
called for redemption on a redemption date, or repurchased in connection with a
Designated Event on a repurchase date, during the period from a record date to
(but excluding) the next succeeding interest payment date (in which case accrued
interest shall be payable (unless such Note or portion thereof is converted) to
the holder of the Note or portion thereof redeemed or repurchased)). Interest is
computed on the basis of a 360-day year comprised of twelve 30-day months. The
Notes are redeemable at the Company's option prior to maturity only on or after
June 4, 2004, as described under "-- Optional Redemption."
If the Company does not comply with certain deadlines set forth in the
Registration Agreement with respect to the registration of the Notes or the
common stock issuable upon conversion thereof for resale under a shelf
registration statement, holders of the Notes and/or the common stock issued upon
conversion thereof will be entitled to Liquidated Damages. See "-- Registration
Rights" below.
Principal of, premium, if any, interest and Liquidated Damages, if any, on
the Notes will be payable at the office or agency of the Company maintained for
such purpose or, at the option of the Company, payment of interest may be made
by check mailed to the holders of the Notes at their respective addresses set
forth in the register of holders of Notes. Until otherwise designated by the
Company, the Company's office or agency maintained for such purpose will be the
principal corporate trust office of the Trustee.
The Indenture does not contain any financial covenants or restrictions on
the payment of dividends, the incurrence of additional indebtedness or the
issuance or repurchase of our securities. The Notes are not guaranteed by any of
the Company's subsidiaries.
CONVERSION
The holders of the Notes are entitled at any time on or before the close of
business on the last trading day prior to the Maturity Date of the Notes,
subject to prior redemption or repurchase, to convert any Notes or
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portions thereof (in denominations of $1,000 or multiples thereof) into common
stock of the Company, at the conversion price of $35.00 per share of common
stock, subject to adjustment as described below (the "Conversion Price"). Except
as described below, no adjustment will be made on conversion of any Notes for
interest or Liquidated Damages, if any, accrued thereon or for dividends on any
common stock issued. If Notes not called for redemption are converted after a
record date for the payment of interest and prior to the next succeeding
interest payment date, such Notes must be accompanied by funds equal to the
interest and Liquidated Damages, if any, payable on such succeeding interest
payment date on the principal amount so converted unless there exists at the
time of conversion a default in the payment of interest or Liquidated Damages,
if any, on the Notes. The Company is not required to issue fractional shares of
common stock upon conversion of the Notes and, in lieu thereof, will pay a cash
adjustment based upon the market price of the common stock on the last trading
day prior to the date of conversion. In the case of Notes called for redemption,
conversion rights will expire at the close of business on the trading day
preceding the date fixed for redemption, unless the Company defaults in payment
of the redemption price, in which case the conversion right will terminate at
the close of business on the trading day preceding the date such default is
cured. In the event any holder exercises its right to require the Company to
repurchase Notes upon a Designated Event, such holder's conversion right will
terminate on the close of business on the Designated Event Offer Termination
Date (as defined), unless the Company defaults in the payment due upon
repurchase or the holder elects to withdraw the submission of election to
repurchase. See "-- Repurchase at Option of Holders Upon a Designated Event."
The right of conversion attaching to any Note may be exercised by the holder
by delivering the Note at the specified office of a conversion agent,
accompanied by a duly signed and completed notice of conversion, together with
any funds that may be required as described in the preceding paragraph. Such
notice of conversion can be obtained from the Trustee. Beneficial owners of
interests in a Global Note (as defined) may exercise their right of conversion
by delivering to The Depository Trust Company ("DTC") the appropriate
instruction form for conversion pursuant to DTC's conversion program. The
conversion date shall be the date on which the Note, the duly signed and
completed notice of conversion, and any funds that may be required as described
in the preceding paragraph shall have been so delivered. A holder delivering a
Note for conversion will not be required to pay any taxes or duties payable in
respect of the issue or delivery of common stock on conversion, but will be
required to pay any tax or duty which may be payable in respect of any transfer
involved in the issue or delivery of the common stock in a name other than the
holder of the Note. Certificates representing shares of common stock will not be
issued or delivered unless all taxes and duties, if any, payable by the holder
have been paid.
The Conversion Price is subject to adjustment (under formulae set forth in
the Indenture) in certain events, including: (i) the issuance of common stock as
a dividend or distribution on common stock; (ii) certain subdivisions and
combinations of the common stock; (iii) the issuance to all or substantially all
holders of common stock of certain rights or warrants to purchase common stock
at a price per share less than the Current Market Price (as defined); (iv) the
dividend or other distribution to all holders of common stock of shares of
capital stock of the Company (other than common stock) or evidences of
indebtedness of the Company or assets (including securities, but excluding those
rights, warrants, dividends and distributions referred to above or paid
exclusively in cash); (v) dividends or other distributions consisting
exclusively of cash (excluding any cash portion of distributions referred to in
clause (iv)) to all holders of common stock to the extent such distributions,
combined together with (A) all such all-cash distributions made within the
preceding 12 months in respect of which no adjustment has been made plus (B) any
cash and the fair market value of other consideration payable in respect of any
tender offers by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries for common stock
referred to in clause (vi) below concluded within the preceding 12 months in
respect of which no adjustment has been made, exceeds 15% of the Company's
market capitalization (being the product of the then current market price of the
common stock times the number of shares of common stock then outstanding) on
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the record date for such distribution; and (vi) the purchase of common stock
pursuant to a tender offer made by the Company or any of its subsidiaries to the
extent that the aggregate consideration, together with (X) any cash and the fair
market value of any other consideration payable in any other tender offer
expiring within 12 months preceding such tender offer in respect of which no
adjustment has been made plus (Y) the aggregate amount of any such all-cash
distributions referred to in clause (v) above to all holders of common stock
within the 12 months preceding the expiration of such tender offer in respect of
which no adjustments have been made, exceeds 15% of the Company's market
capitalization (determined in accordance with clause(v) above) on the expiration
date of such tender offer. In lieu of adjusting the Conversion Price pursuant to
clauses (iv) or (v) above, the Company may reserve shares, evidences of
indebtedness, assets or cash for distribution to holders upon their conversion
of Notes.
In the case of (i) any reclassification or change of the common stock or
(ii) a consolidation, merger or combination involving the Company or a sale or
conveyance to another corporation of the property and assets of the Company as
an entirety or substantially as an entirety, in each case as a result of which
holders of common stock shall be entitled to receive stock, other securities,
other property or assets (including cash) with respect to or in exchange for
such common stock, the holders of the Notes then outstanding will be entitled
thereafter to convert such Notes into the kind and amount of shares of stock,
other securities or other property or assets, which they would have owned or
been entitled to receive upon such reclassification, change, consolidation,
merger, combination, sale or conveyance had such Notes been converted into
common stock immediately prior to such reclassification, change, consolidation,
merger, combination, sale or conveyance (assuming, in a case in which the
Company's stockholders may exercise rights of election, that a holder of Notes
would not have exercised any rights of election as to the stock, other
securities or other property or assets receivable in connection therewith and
would have received per share the kind and amount received per share by a
plurality of non-electing shares). Certain of the foregoing events may also
constitute or result in a Designated Event requiring the Company to offer to
repurchase the Notes. See "-- Repurchase at Option of Holders Upon a Designated
Event."
In the event of a taxable distribution to holders of common stock (or other
transaction) that results in any adjustment of the Conversion Price, the holders
of Notes may, in certain circumstances, be deemed to have received a
distribution subject to United States income tax as a dividend. Moreover, in
certain other circumstances, the absence of such an adjustment of the Conversion
Price may result in a taxable dividend to the holders of common stock. See
"Certain United States Federal Income Tax Considerations."
The Company from time to time may, to the extent permitted by law, reduce
the Conversion Price of the Notes by any amount for any period of at least 20
days, in which case the Company shall give at least 15 days' notice of such
decrease, if the Board of Directors has made a determination that such decrease
would be in the best interests of the Company, which determination shall be
conclusive. The Company may, at its option, make such reductions in the
Conversion Price, in addition to those set forth above, as the Board of
Directors deems advisable to avoid or diminish any income tax to holders of
common stock resulting from any dividend or distribution of stock (or rights to
acquire stock) or from any event treated as such for income tax purposes.
No adjustment in the Conversion Price will be required unless such
adjustment would require the Conversion Price then in effect to change at least
1%; provided that any adjustment that would otherwise be required to be made
shall be carried forward and taken into account in any subsequent adjustment.
Except as stated above, the Conversion Price will not be adjusted for the
issuance of common stock or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for
common stock or carrying the right to purchase any of the foregoing.
SUBORDINATION
The payment of principal of, premium, if any, interest and Liquidated
Damages, if any, on the Notes will be subordinated in right of payment, as set
forth in the Indenture, to the prior payment in full in cash or other
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payment satisfactory to the holders of Senior Debt of all Senior Debt, whether
outstanding on the date of the Indenture or thereafter incurred. Upon any
distribution to creditors of the Company in a liquidation or dissolution of the
Company or in a bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, receivership or similar
proceeding relating to the Company or its property, an assignment for the
benefit of creditors or any marshaling of the Company's assets and liabilities,
the holders of Senior Debt will be entitled to receive payment in full in cash
or other payment satisfactory to the holders of Senior Debt of all Senior Debt
of all obligations in respect of such Senior Debt before the holders of Notes
will be entitled to receive any payment with respect to the Notes. The Notes
will rank equal in right of payment to our outstanding 5.00% Convertible
Subordinated Notes due 2007 and 5.75% Convertible Subordinated Notes due 2003.
In the event of any acceleration of the Notes because of an Event of
Default, the holders of any Senior Debt then outstanding will be entitled to
payment in full in cash or other payment satisfactory to the holders of such
Senior Debt of all obligations in respect of such Senior Debt before the holders
of the Notes are entitled to receive any payment or distribution in respect
thereof. If payment of the Notes is accelerated because of an Event of Default,
the Company or the Trustee shall promptly notify the holders of Senior Debt or
the trustee(s) for such Senior Debt of the acceleration.
The Company also may not make any payment upon or in respect of the Notes or
acquire any Notes upon a Designated Event or otherwise until all Senior Debt has
been paid in full in cash or other payment satisfactory to the holders of the
Senior Debt if (i) a default in the payment of the principal of, premium, if
any, interest, rent or other obligations in respect of Senior Debt occurs and is
continuing beyond any applicable period of grace or (ii) a default, other than a
payment default, occurs and is continuing with respect to Designated Senior Debt
that permits holders of the Designated Senior Debt as to which such default
relates to accelerate its maturity and the Trustee receives a notice of such
default (a "Payment Blockage Notice") from the Company or other Person permitted
to give such notice under the Indenture. Payments on the Notes may and shall be
resumed and the Company may acquire Notes (a) in the case of a payment default,
upon the date on which such default is cured or waived or ceases to exist or (b)
in case of a nonpayment default, the earlier of the date on which such
nonpayment default is cured or waived or ceases to exist or 179 days after the
date on which the applicable Payment Blockage Notice is received if the maturity
of the Senior Debt has not been accelerated. No new period of payment blockage
may be commenced unless and until 365 days have elapsed since the effectiveness
of the immediately prior Payment Blockage Notice. No nonpayment default that
existed or was continuing on the date of delivery of any Payment Blockage Notice
to the Trustee shall be, or be made, the basis for a subsequent Payment Blockage
Notice.
By reason of the subordination provisions described above, in the event of
the Company's liquidation or insolvency, holders of Senior Debt may receive
more, ratably, and holders of the Notes may receive less, ratably, than the
other creditors of the Company. Such subordination will not prevent the
occurrences of any Event of Default under the Indenture.
The Notes are obligations exclusively of the Company. However, since the
operations of the Company are primarily conducted through Subsidiaries, the cash
flow and the consequent ability of the Company to service its debt, including
the Notes, are primarily dependent upon the earnings of its Subsidiaries and the
distribution of those earnings to, or upon loans or other payments of funds by
those Subsidiaries to, the Company. The payment of dividends and the making of
loans and advances to the Company by its Subsidiaries may be subject to
statutory or contractual restrictions, are dependent upon the earnings of those
Subsidiaries and are subject to various business considerations.
Any right of the Company to receive assets of any of its Subsidiaries upon
their liquidation or reorganization (and the consequent right of the holders of
the Notes to participate in those assets) will be effectively subordinated to
the claims of that Subsidiary's creditors (including trade creditors), except to
the extent that the Company is itself recognized as a creditor of such
Subsidiary, in which case the claims of the
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Company would still be subordinate to any prior security interests in the assets
of such Subsidiary and any indebtedness of such Subsidiary senior to that held
by the Company.
As of June 30, 2001, the Company had approximately $1.599 billion of
outstanding indebtedness that would have constituted Senior Debt, and the debt
and other liabilities of the Company's subsidiaries (excluding intercompany
liabilities and obligations of a type not required to be reflected on the
balance sheet of such subsidiary in accordance with GAAP) that would effectively
have been senior to the Notes were approximately $257 million. The Indenture
does not limit the amount of additional indebtedness, including Senior Debt,
that the Company can create, incur, assume or guarantee, nor does the Indenture
limit the amount of indebtedness and other liabilities that any Subsidiary can
create, incur, assume or guarantee.
In the event that, notwithstanding the foregoing, the Trustee or any holder
of Notes receives any payment or distribution of assets of the Company of any
kind in contravention of any of the terms of the Indenture, whether in cash,
property or securities, including, without limitation by way of set-off or
otherwise, in respect of the Notes before all Senior Debt is paid in full in
cash or other payment satisfactory to the holders of Senior Debt, then such
payment or distribution will be held by the recipient in trust for the benefit
of holders of Senior Debt, and will be immediately paid over or delivered to the
holders of Senior Debt or their representative or representatives to the extent
necessary to make payment in full in cash or other payment satisfactory to such
holders of all Senior Debt remaining unpaid, after giving effect to any
concurrent payment or distribution, or provision therefor, to or for the holders
of Senior Debt.
OPTIONAL REDEMPTION
On or after June 4, 2004, the Notes may be redeemed at the option of the
Company, in whole or from time to time in part, on not less than 15 nor more
than 60 days' prior written notice to the holders thereof by first class mail,
at the following redemption prices (expressed as percentages of principal
amount) if redeemed during the 12-month period beginning June 1 of each year
indicated (June 4 with respect to 2004), plus accrued and unpaid interest and
Liquidated Damages, if any, to the date fixed for redemption:
REDEMPTION
YEAR PRICE
---- ----------
2004.............................................. 102.30%
2005.............................................. 101.15%
and 100% at June 1, 2006.
SELECTION AND NOTICE
If less than all the Notes are to be redeemed at any time, selection of
Notes for redemption will be made by the Trustee in compliance with the
requirements of the principal national securities exchange, if any, on which the
Notes are listed or, if the Notes are not so listed, on a pro rata basis by lot
or by any other method that the Trustee considers fair and appropriate. The
Trustee may select for redemption a portion of the principal of any Note that
has a denomination larger than $1,000. Notes and portions thereof will be
redeemed in the amount of $1,000 or integral multiples of $1,000. The Trustee
will make the selection from Notes outstanding and not previously called for
redemption; provided that if a portion of a holder's Notes are selected for
partial redemption and such holder converts a portion of such Notes, such
converted portion shall be deemed to be taken from the portion selected for
redemption.
Provisions of the Indenture that apply to the Notes called for redemption
also apply to portions of the Notes called for redemption. If any Note is to be
redeemed in part, the notice of redemption will state the portion of the
principal amount to be redeemed. Upon surrender of a Note that is redeemed in
part only, the
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Company will execute and the Trustee will authenticate and deliver to the holder
a new Note equal in principal amount to the unredeemed portion of the Note
surrendered.
On and after the redemption date, unless the Company shall default in the
payment of the redemption price, interest and Liquidated Damages, if any, will
cease to accrue on the principal amount of the Notes or portions thereof called
for redemption and for which funds have been set apart for payment. In the case
of Notes or portions thereof redeemed on a redemption date which is also a
regularly scheduled interest payment date, the interest payment and Liquidated
Damages, if any, due on such date shall be paid to the person in whose name the
Note is registered at the close of business on the relevant record date.
The Notes are not entitled to any sinking fund.
REPURCHASE AT OPTION OF HOLDERS UPON A DESIGNATED EVENT
Upon the occurrence of a Designated Event, each holder of Notes will have
the right to require the Company to repurchase all or any part (equal to $1,000
or an integral multiple thereof) of such holder's Notes pursuant to the offer
described below (the "Designated Event Offer") at an offer price in cash equal
to 101% of the aggregate principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid
interest and Liquidated Damages, if any, thereon to the date of purchase (the
"Designated Event Payment"). Within 20 days following any Designated Event, the
Company will mail a notice to each holder describing the transaction or
transactions that constitute the Designated Event and offering to repurchase
Notes pursuant to the procedures required by the Indenture and described in such
notice.
The Company will comply with the requirements of Rule 14e-1 under the
Exchange Act and any other securities laws and regulations thereunder to the
extent such laws and regulations are applicable in connection with the
repurchase of the Notes as a result of a Designated Event. Rule 13e-4 under the
Exchange Act requires, among other things, the dissemination of certain
information to security holders in the event of an issuer tender offer and may
apply in the event that the repurchase option becomes available to holders of
the Notes. The Company will comply with this rule to the extent applicable at
that time.
On the date specified for termination of the Designated Event Offer, the
Company will, to the extent lawful, (i) accept for payment all Notes or portions
thereof properly tendered pursuant to the Designated Event Offer, (ii) deposit
with the paying agent an amount equal to the Designated Event Payment in respect
of all Notes or portions thereof so tendered and (iii) deliver or cause to be
delivered to the Trustee the Notes so accepted together with an Officers'
Certificate stating the aggregate principal amount of Notes or portions thereof
being purchased by the Company.
The foregoing provisions would not necessarily afford holders of the Notes
protection in the event of highly leveraged or other transactions involving the
Company that may adversely affect holders.
The right to require the Company to repurchase Notes as a result of a
Designated Event could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a
Change of Control or other attempts to acquire control of the Company.
Consequently, this right may render more difficult or discourage a merger,
consolidation or tender offer (even if such transaction is supported by the
Company's Board of Directors or is favorable to the stockholders), the
assumption of control by a holder of a large block of the Company's shares and
the removal of incumbent management.
Except as described above with respect to a Designated Event, the Indenture
does not contain provisions that permit the holders of the Notes to require that
the Company repurchase or redeem the Notes in the event of a takeover,
recapitalization or similar restructuring. Subject to the limitation on mergers
and consolidations described below, the Company or its Subsidiaries could in the
future enter into certain transactions, including refinancings, certain
recapitalizations, acquisitions, the sale of all or substantially all of its
assets, the liquidation of the Company or similar transactions, that would not
constitute a Designated Event under the Indenture, but
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that would increase the amount of Senior Debt (or any other indebtedness)
outstanding at such time or substantially reduce or eliminate the Company's
assets.
The terms of the Company's existing or future credit or other agreements
relating to debt (including Senior Debt) restrict and in certain circumstances
may prohibit the Company from purchasing any Notes and may also provide that a
Designated Event, as well as certain other change of control events with respect
to the Company, would constitute an event of default thereunder. In the event a
Designated Event occurs at a time when the Company is prohibited from purchasing
Notes, the Company could seek the consent of its then-existing lenders to the
purchase of Notes or could attempt to refinance the debt that contain the
prohibition. If the Company does not obtain such a consent or repay such debt,
the Company would remain prohibited from purchasing Notes. In that case, the
Company's failure to purchase tendered Notes would constitute an Event of
Default under the Indenture, which may, in turn, constitute a further default
under the terms of other debt that the Company has entered into or may enter
into from time to time. In such circumstances, the subordination provisions in
the Indenture would likely restrict payments to the holders of Notes.
A "Designated Event" will be deemed to have occurred upon a Change of
Control or a Termination of Trading.
A "Change of Control" will be deemed to have occurred when: (i) any person
has become an Acquiring Person, (ii) the Company consolidates with or merges
into any other Person, or conveys, transfers, or leases all or substantially all
of its assets to any person, or any other Person merges into the Company, and,
in the case of any such transaction, the outstanding common stock of the Company
is changed or exchanged as a result, unless the stockholders of the Company
immediately before such transaction own, directly or indirectly immediately
following such transaction, at least a majority of the combined voting power of
the outstanding voting securities of the Person resulting from such transaction
in substantially the same proportion as their ownership of the Voting Stock
immediately before such transaction, or (iii) any time the Continuing Directors
do not constitute a majority of the Board of Directors of the Company (or, if
applicable, a successor corporation to the Company); provided that a Change of
Control shall not be deemed to have occurred if either (x) the last sale price
of the common stock for any five trading days during the ten trading days
immediately preceding the Change of Control is at least equal to 105% of the
Conversion Price in effect on the date of such Change of Control or (y) at least
90% of the consideration (excluding cash payments for fractional shares) in the
transaction or transactions constituting the Change of Control consists of
shares of common stock that are, or upon issuance will be, traded on a United
States national securities exchange or approved for trading on an established
automated over-the-counter trading market in the United States.
The definition of Change of Control includes a phrase relating to the lease,
transfer or conveyance of "all or substantially all" of the assets of the
Company. Although there is a developing body of case law interpreting the phrase
"substantially all," there is no precise established definition of the phrase
under applicable law. Accordingly, the ability of a holder of Notes to require
the Company to repurchase such Notes as a result of a lease, transfer or
conveyance of less than all of the assets of the Company to another person or
group may be uncertain.
"Continuing Directors" means, as of any date of determination, any member of
the Board of Directors of the Company who (i) was a member of such Board of
Directors on the date of the Indenture or (ii) was nominated for election or
elected to such Board of Directors with the approval of a majority of the
Continuing Directors who were members of such Board at the time of such
nomination or election.
A "Termination of Trading" will be deemed to have occurred if the common
stock (or other common stock into which the Notes are then convertible) is
neither listed for trading on a United States national securities exchange nor
approved for trading on an established automated over-the-counter trading market
in the United States.
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MERGER AND CONSOLIDATION
The Indenture provides that the Company may not, in a single transaction or
a series of related transactions, consolidate or merge with or into (whether or
not the Company is the surviving corporation), or sell, assign, transfer, lease,
convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its properties or
assets in one or more related transactions to, another corporation as an
entirety or substantially as an entirety unless either (a)(i) the Company shall
be the surviving or continuing corporation or (ii) the corporation formed by or
surviving any such consolidation or merger (if other than the Company) or the
corporation which acquires by sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or
other disposition the properties and assets of the Company substantially as an
entirety (x) is a corporation organized and validly existing under the laws of
the United States, any State thereof or the District of Columbia and (y) assumes
the due and punctual payment of the principal of, and premium, if any, and
interest on, and Liquidated Damages, if any, with respect to, all the Notes and
the performance of every covenant of the Company under the Notes and the
Indenture pursuant to a supplemental indenture in a form reasonably satisfactory
to the Trustee; (b) immediately after such transaction no Default or Event of
Default exists; and (c) the Company or such person shall have delivered to the
Trustee an officers' certificate and an opinion of counsel, each stating that
such transaction and the supplemental indenture comply with the Indenture and
that all conditions precedent in the Indenture relating to such transaction have
been satisfied.
For purposes of the foregoing, the transfer (by lease, assignment, sale or
otherwise, in a single transaction or series of transactions) of all or
substantially all of the properties or assets of one or more Subsidiaries of the
Company, the capital stock of which constitutes all or substantially all of the
properties and assets of the Company, shall be deemed to be the transfer of all
or substantially all of the properties and assets of the Company.
Upon any consolidation, merger, sale, assignment, conveyance, lease,
transfer or other disposition in accordance with the foregoing, the successor
corporation formed by such consolidation or into which the Company is merged or
to which such sale, assignment, conveyance, lease, transfer or other disposition
is made will succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right
and power of, the Company under the Indenture with the same effect as if such
successor had been named as the Company therein, and thereafter (except in the
case of a sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition)
the predecessor corporation will be relieved of all further obligations and
covenants under the Indenture and the Notes.
REGISTRATION RIGHTS
Pursuant to a registration agreement (the "Registration Agreement"), the
Company has filed for the benefit of the holders of the Notes and common stock
issued upon conversion of the Notes, a shelf registration statement (the "Shelf
Registration Statement") with the SEC with respect to resales of the Notes and
the common stock issuable upon conversion of the Notes, the Company will use its
reasonable efforts to cause such Shelf Registration Statement to be declared
effective under the Securities Act within 210 days after the Issue Date and the
Company will keep the Shelf Registration Statement continuously effective under
the Securities Act until the earliest of (a) the second anniversary of the Issue
Date or, if later, the second anniversary of the last date on which any Notes
are issued upon exercise of the initial purchaser's over-allotment option, (b)
the date on which the Notes or the common stock issued or issuable upon
conversion of the Notes may be sold by non-affiliates of the Company pursuant to
paragraph (k) of Rule 144 (or any successor provision then in force) promulgated
by the SEC under the Securities Act, (c) the date as of which all the Notes or
the common stock issued or issuable upon conversion of the Notes have been
transferred pursuant to Rule 144 (or any successor provision then in force)
promulgated by the SEC under the Securities Act and (d) the date as of which all
the Notes or the common stock issued or issuable upon conversion of the Notes
have been sold pursuant to the Shelf Registration Statement.
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If the Shelf Registration Statement (i) has not been declared effective by
the SEC within 210 days, after the Issue Date, or (ii) is filed and declared
effective but shall thereafter cease to be effective (without being succeeded
immediately by a replacement shelf registration statement filed and declared
effective) or usable (including as a result of a Suspension Period) for the
offer and sale of Transfer Restricted Securities for a period of time which
shall exceed 60 days in the aggregate in any 12-month period during the period
beginning on the Issue Date and ending on or prior to the second anniversary of
the Issue Date or, if later, the second anniversary of the last date on which
any Notes are issued upon exercise of the initial purchaser's over-allotment
option, (each such event referred to in clauses (i) and (ii) being referred to
herein as a "Registration Default"), the Company will pay liquidated damages
("Liquidated Damages") to each Holder of Transfer Restricted Securities that has
complied with its obligations under the Registration Agreement. The amount of
Liquidated Damages payable during any period in which a Registration Default
shall have occurred and be continuing is that amount which is equal to
one-quarter of one percent (25 basis points) per annum per $1,000 principal
amount of Notes and $2.50 per annum per 28.5714 shares of common stock (subject
to adjustment in the event of a stock split, stock recombination, stock dividend
and the like) constituting Transfer Restricted Securities for the first 90 days
during which a Registration Default has occurred and is continuing and one-half
of one percent (50 basis points) per annum per $1,000 principal amount of Notes
and $5.00 per annum per 28.5714 shares of common stock (subject to adjustment as
set forth above) constituting Transfer Restricted Securities for any additional
days during which such Registration Default has occurred and is continuing. The
Company has agreed to pay all accrued Liquidated Damages by wire transfer of
immediately available funds or by federal funds check on each Damages Payment
Date (as defined in the Registration Agreement). Following the cure of a
Registration Default, Liquidated Damages will cease to accrue with respect to
such Registration Default.
"Transfer Restricted Securities" means each Note and each share of common
stock issuable or issued on conversion thereof until the date on which such Note
or share, as the case may be (i) has been transferred pursuant to the Shelf
Registration Statement or another registration statement covering such Note or
share which has been filed with the SEC pursuant to the Securities Act, in
either case after such registration statement has become effective and while
such registration statement is effective under the Securities Act, (ii) has been
transferred pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act (or any similar
provision then in force), or (iii) may be sold or transferred pursuant to
paragraph (k) of Rule 144 (or any successor provision then in force) promulgated
by the SEC under the Securities Act.
The Company will provide or cause to be provided to each holder of the
Notes, or the common stock issuable upon conversion of the Notes, copies of this
prospectus, which is a part of the Shelf Registration Statement, notify or cause
to be notified to each such holder when the Shelf Registration Statement for the
Notes or the common stock issuable upon conversion of the Notes has become
effective and take certain other actions as are required to permit unrestricted
resales of the Notes or the common stock issuable upon conversion of the Notes.
A holder of Notes or the common stock issuable upon conversion of the Notes that
sells such securities pursuant to a Shelf Registration Statement will be
required to be named as a selling security holder in the related prospectus and
to deliver a prospectus to purchasers, will be subject to certain of the civil
liability provisions under the Securities Act in connection with such sales and
will be bound by the provisions of the Registration Agreement that are
applicable to such holder (including certain indemnification and contribution
rights or obligations). The Company will distribute a questionnaire to each
beneficial owner of Notes as of a specified date to obtain certain information
regarding such selling security holders for inclusion in the prospectus.
The Company will be permitted to suspend the use of this prospectus which is
a part of the Shelf Registration Statement for a period not to exceed 30 days in
any three-month period or for three periods not to exceed an aggregate of 90
days in any twelve-month period (any such period being referred to as a
"Suspension Period") under certain circumstances relating to pending corporate
developments, public filings with the SEC
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and similar events. The Company will pay all expenses of the Shelf Registration
Statement; provided, however, that each holder shall bear the expense of any
broker's commission, agency fee or underwriter's discount or commission.
EVENTS OF DEFAULT AND REMEDIES
An Event of Default is defined in the Indenture as being (i) default in
payment of the principal of, or premium, if any, on the Notes, whether or not
such payment is prohibited by the subordination provisions of the Indenture;
(ii) default for 30 days in payment of any installment of interest on or
Liquidated Damages with respect to the Notes, whether or not such payment is
prohibited by the subordination provisions of the Indenture; (iii) default by
the Company for 60 days after notice in the observance or performance of any
other covenants in the Indenture; (iv) default in the payment of the Designated
Event Payment in respect of the Notes on the date therefor, whether or not such
payment is prohibited by the subordination provisions of the Indenture; (v)
failure of the Company to provide timely notice of a Designated Event; (vi)
failure of the Company or any Material Subsidiary to make any payment at
maturity, including any applicable grace period, in respect of indebtedness for
borrowed money of, or guaranteed or assumed by, the Company or any Material
Subsidiary, which payment is in an amount in excess of $20,000,000, and
continuance of such failure for 30 days after notice; (vii) default by the
Company or any Material Subsidiary with respect to any such indebtedness, which
default results in the acceleration of any such indebtedness of an amount in
excess of $20,000,000 without such indebtedness having been paid or discharged
or such acceleration having been cured, waived, rescinded or annulled for 30
days after notice; or (viii) certain events involving bankruptcy, insolvency or
reorganization of the Company or any Material Subsidiary.
If an Event of Default (other than an Event of Default specified in clause
(viii) above with respect to the Company) occurs and is continuing, then and in
every such case the Trustee, by written notice to the Company, or the holders of
not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding Notes,
by written notice to the Company and the Trustee, may declare the unpaid
principal of, premium, if any, and accrued and unpaid interest and Liquidated
Damages, if any, on all the Notes then outstanding to be due and payable. Upon
such declaration, such principal amount, premium, if any, and accrued and unpaid
interest and Liquidated Damages, if any, will become immediately due and
payable, notwithstanding anything contained in the Indenture or the Notes to the
contrary, but subject to the provisions limiting payment described in
"-- Subordination." If any Event of Default specified in clause (viii) above
occurs with respect to the Company, all unpaid principal of, and premium, if
any, and accrued and unpaid interest and Liquidated Damages, if any, on the
Notes then outstanding will automatically become due and payable, subject to the
provisions described in "-- Subordination," without any declaration or other act
on the part of the Trustee or any holder of Notes.
Holders of the Notes may not enforce the Indenture or the Notes except as
provided in the Indenture. Subject to the provisions of the Indenture relating
to the duties of the Trustee, the Trustee is under no obligation to exercise any
of its rights or powers under the Indenture at the request, order or direction
of any of the holders, unless such holders have offered to the Trustee a
security or an indemnity satisfactory to it against any cost, expense or
liability. Subject to all provisions of the Indenture and applicable law, the
holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding
Notes have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any
proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or exercising any trust or
power conferred on the Trustee. If a Default or Event of Default occurs and is
continuing and is known to the Trustee, the Indenture requires the Trustee to
mail a notice of Default or Event of Default to each holder within 60 days of
the occurrence of such Default or Event of Default; provided, however, that the
Trustee may withhold from the holders notice of any continuing Default or Event
of Default (except a Default or Event of Default in the payment of principal of,
premium, if any, interest or Liquidated Damages, if any, on the Notes) if it
determines in good faith that withholding notice is in their interest. The
holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount
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of the Notes then outstanding by notice to the Trustee may rescind any
acceleration of the Notes and its consequences if all existing Events of Default
(other than the nonpayment of principal of, premium, if any, interest and
Liquidated Damages, if any, on the Notes that has become due solely by virtue of
such acceleration) have been cured or waived and if the rescission would not
conflict with any judgment or decree of any court of competent jurisdiction. No
such rescission shall affect any subsequent Default or Event of Default or
impair any right consequent thereto.
In the case of any Event of Default occurring by reason of any willful
action (or inaction) taken (or not taken) by or on behalf of the Company with
the intention of avoiding payment of the premium that the Company would have had
to pay if the Company then had elected to redeem the Notes pursuant to the
optional redemption provisions of the Indenture, an equivalent premium shall
also become and be immediately due and payable to the extent permitted by law
upon the acceleration of the Notes. If an Event of Default occurs prior to any
date on which the Company is prohibited from redeeming the Notes by reason of
any willful action (or inaction) taken (or not taken) by or on behalf of the
Company with the intention of avoiding the prohibition on redemption of the
Notes prior to such date, then the premium specified in the Indenture shall also
become immediately due and payable to the extent permitted by law upon the
acceleration of the Notes.
The holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Notes then
outstanding may, on behalf of the holders of all the Notes, waive any existing
or past Default or Event of Default under the Indenture and its consequences,
except Default in the payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on
the Notes (other than the non-payment of principal of, premium, if any, interest
and Liquidated Damages, if any, and interest on the Notes that has become due
solely by virtue of an acceleration that has been duly rescinded as provided
above) or in respect of a covenant or provision of the Indenture that cannot be
modified or amended without the consent of all holders of Notes.
The Company is required to deliver to the Trustee annually a statement
regarding compliance with the Indenture and the Company is required, upon
becoming aware of any Default or Event of Default, to deliver to the Trustee a
statement specifying such Default or Event of Default.
BOOK-ENTRY; DELIVERY AND FORM; GLOBAL NOTE
Notes sold in the United States in reliance on Rule 144A or in offshore
transactions in reliance on Regulation S are represented by a single, permanent
Global Note in definitive, fully-registered form without interest coupons. The
Global Note is deposited with the Trustee as custodian for DTC and registered in
the name of a nominee of DTC in New York, New York for the accounts of
participants in DTC.
Investors who are Qualified Institutional Buyers and who purchase Notes in
reliance on Rule 144A under the Securities Act may hold their interests in the
Global Note directly through DTC if they are DTC participants, or indirectly
through organizations that are DTC participants.
Investors who purchase Notes in offshore transactions in reliance on
Regulation S under the Securities Act may hold their interests in the Global
Note directly through Morgan Guaranty Trust Company of New York, Brussels
office, as operator of the Euroclear System ("Euroclear") and Clearstream
Banking, societe anonyme ("Clearstream"), if they are participants in such
systems, or indirectly through organizations that are participants in such
systems. Euroclear and Clearstream will hold interests in the Global Note on
behalf of their participants through their respective depositaries, which in
turn will hold such interests in the Global Note in customers' securities
accounts in the depositaries' names on the books of DTC.
Notes transferred to institutional accredited investors that are not
Qualified Institutional Buyers will be issued and delivered in fully registered,
definitive form ("Definitive Notes") and may not be represented by interests in
the Global Note. Except in the limited circumstances described below, holders of
Notes represented by interests in the Global Note will not be entitled to
receive Definitive Notes. Upon transfer of a Definitive
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Note to a Qualified Institutional Buyer pursuant to Rule 144A or in an offshore
transaction pursuant to Regulation S, the Definitive Note will be exchanged for
an interest in the Global Note, and the transferee will be required to hold its
interest through a participant in DTC, Euroclear or Clearstream, as applicable.
DTC has advised the Company as follows: DTC is a limited purpose trust
company organized under the laws of the State of New York Uniform Commercial
Code and a "clearing corporation" within the meaning of the New York Uniform
Commercial Code and a "clearing agency" registered pursuant to the provisions of
Section 17A of the Exchange Act. DTC was created to hold securities of
institutions that have accounts with DTC ("participants") and to facilitate the
clearance and settlement of securities transactions among its participants in
such securities through electronic book-entry changes in accounts of the
participants, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of securities
certificates. DTC's participants include securities brokers and dealers (which
may include the Initial Purchasers), banks, trust companies, clearing
corporations and certain other organizations. Access to DTC's book-entry system
is also available to others such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies
that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a participant,
whether directly or indirectly.
Upon the issuance of the Global Note, DTC will credit, on its book-entry
registration and transfer system, the respective principal amount of the
individual beneficial interests represented by the Global Note to the accounts
of participants. The accounts to be credited shall be designated by the Initial
Purchasers of such beneficial interests. Ownership of beneficial interests in
the Global Note will be limited to participants or persons that may hold
interests through participants. Ownership of beneficial interests in the Global
Note will be shown on, and the transfer of those ownership interests will be
effected only through, records maintained by DTC (with respect to participants'
interests) and such participants (with respect to the owners of beneficial
interests in the Global Note other than participants).
So long as DTC or its nominee is the registered holder and owner of the
Global Note, DTC or such nominee, as the case may be, will be considered the
sole legal owner of the Notes represented by the Global Note for all purposes
under the Indenture and the Notes. Except as set forth below, owners of
beneficial interests in the Global Note will not be entitled to receive
Definitive Notes and will not be considered to be the owners or holders of any
Notes under the Global Note. The Company understands that under existing
industry practice, in the event an owner of a beneficial interest in the Global
Note desires to take any actions that DTC, as the holder of the Global Note, is
entitled to take, DTC would authorize the participants to take such action, and
that participants would authorize beneficial owners owning through such
participants to take such action or would otherwise act upon the instructions of
beneficial owners owning through them. No beneficial owner of an interest in the
Global Note will be able to transfer the interest except in accordance with
DTC's applicable procedures, in addition to those provided for under the
Indenture and, if applicable, those of Euroclear and Clearstream.
Payments of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest and Liquidated
Damages, if any, on, the Notes represented by the Global Note registered in the
name of and held by DTC or its nominee will be made to DTC or its nominee, as
the case may be, as the registered owner and holder of the Global Note. The
Company expects that DTC or its nominee, upon receipt of any payment of
principal or interest in respect of the Global Note, will credit participants'
accounts with payments in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial
interests in the principal amount of the Global Note as shown on the records of
DTC or its nominee. The Company also expects that payments by participants to
owners of beneficial interests in the Global Note held through such participants
will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices as is now the
case with securities held for accounts of customers registered in the names of
nominees for such customers. Such payments, however, will be the responsibility
of such participants and indirect participants, and neither the Company, the
Trustee nor any paying agent will have any responsibility or liability for any
aspect of the records relating to, or payments made on account of, beneficial
ownership interests in the Global Note or for
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maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial
ownership interests or for any other aspect of the relationship between DTC and
its participants or the relationship between such participants and the owners of
beneficial interests in the Global Note.
Unless and until it is exchanged in whole or in part for Definitive Notes in
definitive form, the Global Note may not be transferred except as a whole by DTC
to a nominee of DTC or by a nominee of DTC to DTC or another nominee of DTC.
Transfers between participants in DTC will be effected in the ordinary way
in accordance with DTC rules and will be settled in same-day funds. Transfers
between participants in Euroclear and Clearstream will be effected in the
ordinary way in accordance with their respective rules and operating procedures.
If a holder requires physical delivery of a Definitive Note for any reason,
including to sell Notes to persons in jurisdictions which require such delivery
of such Notes or to pledge such Notes, such holder must transfer its interest in
the Global Note in accordance with the normal procedures of DTC and the
procedures set forth in the Indenture.
Cross-market transfers between DTC, on the one hand, and directly or
indirectly through Euroclear or Clearstream participants, on the other, will be
effected in DTC in accordance with DTC rules on behalf of Euroclear or
Clearstream, as the case may be, by its respective depositary; however, such
cross-market transactions will require delivery of instructions to Euroclear or
Clearstream, as the case may be, by the counterparty in such system in
accordance with its rules and procedures and within its established deadlines
(Brussels time). Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, will, if the
transaction meets its settlement requirements, deliver instructions to its
respective depositary to take action to effect final settlement on its behalf by
delivering or receiving interests in the Global Note in DTC, and making or
receiving payment in accordance with normal procedures for same-day funds
settlement applicable to DTC. Euroclear participants and Clearstream
participants may not deliver instructions directly to the depositaries for
Euroclear or Clearstream.
Because of time zone differences, the securities account of a Euroclear or
Clearstream participant purchasing an interest in the Global Note from a DTC
participant will be credited during the securities settlement processing day
(which must be a business day for Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be)
immediately following the DTC settlement date, and such credit of any
transactions interests in the Global Note settled during such processing day
will be reported to the relevant Euroclear or Clearstream participant on such
day. Cash received in Euroclear or Clearstream as a result of sales of interests
in the Global Note by or through a Euroclear or Clearstream participant to a DTC
participant will be received with value on the DTC settlement date, but will be
available in the relevant Euroclear or Clearstream cash account only as of the
business day following settlement in DTC.
The Company expects that DTC will take any action permitted to be taken by a
holder of Notes (including the presentation of Notes for exchange as described
below) only at the direction of one or more participants to whose account the
DTC interests in the Global Note is credited and only in respect of such portion
of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes as to which such participant or
participants has or have given such direction. However, if there is an Event of
Default under the Notes, DTC will exchange the Global Note for Definitive Notes,
which it will distribute to its participants. These Definitive Notes will be
subject to certain restrictions on registration of transfers described in the
Indenture and will bear the legend set forth thereunder.
Although the Company expects that DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream will agree
to the foregoing procedures in order to facilitate transfers of interests in the
Global Note among participants of DTC, Euroclear, and Clearstream, DTC,
Euroclear and Clearstream are under no obligation to perform or continue to
perform such procedures, and such procedures may be discontinued at any time.
Neither the Company nor the Trustee will have any responsibility for the
performance by DTC, Euroclear or Clearstream or their participants or indirect
participants of their respective obligations under the rules and procedures
governing their operations.
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If DTC is at any time unwilling to continue as a depositary for the Global
Note and a successor depositary is not appointed by the Company within 90 days,
the Company will issue Definitive Notes in exchange for the Global Note which
will be subject to certain restrictions on registration of transfers described
in the Indenture and will bear the legend set forth thereunder.
AMENDMENT, SUPPLEMENT AND WAIVER
Except as provided in the next two succeeding paragraphs, the Indenture or
the Notes may be amended or supplemented with the consent of the holders of at
least a majority in principal amount of the Notes then outstanding (including
consents obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for
Notes), and any existing default or compliance with any provision of the
Indenture or the Notes may be waived with the consent of the holders of a
majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Notes (including consents
obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for Notes).
Without the consent of each holder affected, an amendment or waiver may not
(with respect to any Notes held by a non-consenting holder): (a) reduce the
principal amount of Notes whose holders must consent to an amendment, supplement
or waiver, (b) reduce the principal of or change the fixed maturity of any Note
or, other than as set forth in the next paragraph, alter the provisions with
respect to the redemption of the Notes, (c) reduce the rate of or change the
time for payment of interest or Liquidated Damages, if any, on any Notes, (d)
waive a Default or Event of Default in the payment of principal of or premium,
if any, interest or Liquidated Damages, if any, on the Notes (except a
rescission of acceleration of the Notes by the holders of at least a majority in
aggregate principal amount of the Notes and a waiver of the payment default that
resulted from such acceleration), (e) make any Note payable in money other than
that stated in the Indenture and the Notes, (f) make any change in the
provisions of the Indenture relating to waivers of past Defaults or the rights
of holders of Notes to receive payments of principal of, premium, if any,
interest or Liquidated Damages, if any, on the Notes, (g) waive a redemption
payment with respect to any Note, (h) except as permitted by the Indenture,
increase the Conversion Price or, other than as set forth in the next paragraph,
modify the provisions of the Indenture relating to conversion of the Notes in a
manner adverse to the holders thereof or (i) make any change to the abilities of
holders of Notes to enforce their rights under the Indenture or the provisions
of clause (a) through (i) hereof. In addition, any amendment to the provisions
of Article 11 of the Indenture (which relate to subordination) will require the
consent of the holders of at least 75% in aggregate principal amount of the
Notes then outstanding if such amendment would adversely affect the rights of
holders of Notes.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, without the consent of any holder of Notes,
the Company and the Trustee may amend or supplement the Indenture or the Notes
to (a) cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency or make any other changes in
the provisions of the Indenture which the Company and the Trustee may deem
necessary or desirable, provided such amendment does not materially and
adversely affect the rights of the holders of the Notes, (b) provide for
uncertificated Notes in addition to or in place of certificated Notes, (c)
provide for the assumption of the Company's obligations to holders of Notes in
the circumstances required under the Indenture as described under "-- Merger and
Consolidation," (d) provide for conversion and/or repurchase rights of holders
of Notes in certain events such as a consolidation, merger or sale of all or
substantially all of the assets of the Company, (e) reduce the Conversion Price,
(f) make any change that would provide any additional rights or benefits to the
holders of Notes or that does not adversely affect the legal rights under the
Indenture of any such holder, or (g) comply with requirements of the Commission
in order to effect or maintain the qualification of the Indenture under the
Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended.
SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE
The Company may discharge its obligations under the Indenture while Notes
remain outstanding if (i) all outstanding Notes will become due and payable at
their scheduled maturity within one year or (ii) all outstanding Notes are
scheduled for redemption within one year, and, in either case, the Company has
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(a) deposited with the Trustee an amount sufficient to pay and discharge all
outstanding Notes on the date of their scheduled maturity or the scheduled date
of redemption and (b) paid all other sums then payable by the Company under the
Indenture.
GOVERNING LAW
The Indenture provides that the Notes are governed by, and construed in
accordance with, the laws of the State of New York without giving effect to
applicable principles of conflicts of law.
TRANSFER AND EXCHANGE
A holder may transfer or exchange Notes in accordance with the Indenture.
The Registrar and the Trustee may require a holder, among other things, to
furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents and the Company may
require a holder to pay any taxes and fees required by law or permitted by the
Indenture. The Company is not required to transfer or exchange any Note selected
for redemption or repurchase. Also, the Company is not required to transfer or
exchange any Note during a period of 15 days before a selection of Notes to be
redeemed.
The registered holder of a Note will be treated as the owner of it for all
purposes.
REPORTS
Whether or not required by the rules and regulations of the SEC, so long as
any Notes are outstanding, the Company will file with the Commission and furnish
to the Trustee and the holders of Notes all quarterly and annual financial
information (without exhibits) required to be contained in a filing with the SEC
on Forms 10-Q and 10-K, including a "Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and, with respect to the annual
consolidated financial statements only, a report thereon by the Company's
independent auditors. The Company shall not be required to file any report or
other information with the SEC if the SEC does not permit such filing, although
such reports will be required to be furnished to the Trustee.
THE TRUSTEE
The Indenture provides that, except during the continuance of an Event of
Default, the Trustee will perform only such duties as are specifically set forth
in the Indenture. In case an Event of Default known to the Trustee shall occur
(and shall not be cured), the Trustee will be required to exercise its powers
with the degree of care and skill of a prudent person in the conduct of such
person's own affairs. Subject to such provisions, the Trustee is under no
obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under the Indenture at the
request of any of the holders of Notes, unless they shall have offered to the
Trustee security and indemnity satisfactory to it.
The Indenture contains certain limitations on the rights of the Trustee,
should it become a creditor of the Company, to obtain payment of claims in
certain cases or to realize on certain property received in respect of any such
claim as security or otherwise. The Trustee will be permitted to engage in other
transactions, provided, however, that if it acquires any conflicting interest,
it must eliminate such conflict or resign.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Anyone who purchases Notes pursuant to this prospectus may obtain a copy of
the Indenture without charge by writing to Amkor Technology, Inc., 1345
Enterprise Drive, West Chester, PA 19380, Attention: Corporate Secretary.
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CERTAIN DEFINITIONS
"Acquiring Person" means any person (as defined in Section 13(d)(3) of the
Exchange Act) who or which, together with all affiliates and associates (each as
defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act), becomes the beneficial owner (as
defined in Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 under the Exchange Act and as further defined
below) of shares of common stock or other voting securities of the Company
having more than 50% of the total voting power of the Voting Stock of the
Company; provided, however, that an Acquiring Person shall not include (i) the
Company, (ii) any Subsidiary of the Company, (iii) any Permitted Holder, (iv) an
underwriter engaged in a firm commitment underwriting in connection with a
public offering of the Voting Stock of the Company or (v) any current or future
employee or director benefit plan of the Company or any Subsidiary of the
Company or any entity holding common stock of the Company for or pursuant to the
terms of any such plan. For purposes hereof, a person shall not be deemed to be
the beneficial owner of (A) any securities tendered pursuant to a tender or
exchange offer made by or on behalf of such person or any of such person's
affiliates until such tendered securities are accepted for purchase or exchange
thereunder, or (B) any securities if such beneficial ownership (1) arises solely
as a result of a revocable proxy delivered in response to a proxy or consent
solicitation made pursuant to the applicable rules and regulations under the
Exchange Act, and (2) is not also then reportable on Schedule 13D (or any
successor schedule) under the Exchange Act.
"Capital Stock" of any Person means any and all shares, interests, rights to
purchase, warrants, options, participations or other equivalents of or interests
in (however designated) equity of such Person, but excluding any debt securities
convertible into such equity.
"Default" means any event that is, or after notice or passage of time or
both would be, an Event of Default.
"Designated Senior Debt" means (i) any Senior Debt outstanding under the
Credit Agreement, as such agreement may be amended, restated, modified, renewed,
refunded, replaced or refinanced, in whole or in part, from time to time, (ii)
Senior Debt outstanding under our 9.25% Senior Notes due 2006, 9.25% Senior
Notes due 2008 and 10.50% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2009, as such notes (or
the related indentures) may be amended, restated, modified, renewed, refunded,
replaced or refinanced, in whole or in part, from time to time, and (iii) any
particular Senior Debt if the instrument creating or evidencing the same or the
assumption or guarantee thereof (or related agreements or documents to which the
Company is a party) expressly provides that such Indebtedness shall be
"Designated Senior Debt" for purposes of the Indenture (provided that such
instrument, agreement or other document may place limitations and conditions on
the right of such Senior Debt to exercise the rights of Designated Senior Debt).
"GAAP" means generally accepted accounting principles set forth in the
opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board of the American
Institute of Certified Public Accountants and statements and pronouncements of
the Financial Accounting Standards Board or in such other statements by such
other entity as may be approved by a significant segment of the accounting
profession of the United States, which are in effect from time to time.
"Indebtedness" means, with respect to any Person, all obligations, whether
or not contingent, of such person (i) (a) for borrowed money (including, but not
limited to, any indebtedness secured by a security interest, mortgage or other
lien on the assets of that Person that is (1) given to secure all or part of the
purchase price of property subject thereto, whether given to the vendor of such
property or to another, or (2) existing on property at the time of acquisition
thereof), (b) evidenced by a note, debenture, bond or other written instrument,
(c) under a lease required to be capitalized on the balance sheet of the lessee
under GAAP or under any lease or related document (including a purchase
agreement) that provides that such Person is contractually obligated to purchase
or cause a third party to purchase and thereby guarantee a minimum residual
value of the lease property to the lessor and the obligations of such Person
under such lease or related document to purchase or to cause a third party to
purchase such leased property, (d) in respect of letters of
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credit, bank guarantees or bankers' acceptances (including reimbursement
obligations with respect to any of the foregoing), (e) with respect to
Indebtedness secured by a mortgage, pledge, lien, encumbrance, charge or adverse
claim affecting title or resulting in an encumbrance to which the property or
assets of such Person are subject, whether or not the obligation secured thereby
shall have been assumed by or shall otherwise be such Person's legal liability,
(f) in respect of the balance of deferred and unpaid purchase price of any
property or assets, (g) under interest rate or currency swap agreements, cap,
floor and collar agreements, spot and forward contracts and similar agreements
and arrangements; (ii) with respect to any obligation of others of the type
described in the preceding clause (i) or under clause (iii) below assumed by or
guaranteed in any manner by such Person or in effect guaranteed by such person
through an agreement to purchase (including, without limitation, "take or pay"
and similar arrangements), contingent or otherwise (and the obligations of such
person under any such assumptions, guarantees or other such arrangements); and
(iii) any and all deferrals, renewals, extensions, refinancings and refundings
of, or amendments, modifications or supplements to, any of the foregoing.
"Issue Date" means the date on which the Notes were first issued and
authenticated under the Indenture.
"Material Subsidiary" means any Subsidiary of the Company which at the date
of determination is a "significant subsidiary" as defined in Rule 1-02(w) of
Regulation S-X under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act.
"Obligations" means any principal, interest, penalties, fees,
indemnifications, reimbursements, damages and other liabilities payable under
the documentation governing any Indebtedness.
"Permitted Holders" means James Kim and his estates, spouses, ancestors and
lineal descendants (and spouses thereof), the legal representatives of any of
the foregoing, and the trustee of any bona fide trust of which one or more of
the foregoing are the sole beneficiaries or the grantors, or any person of which
any of the foregoing, individually or collectively, beneficially own (as defined
in Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 under the Exchange Act) voting securities representing
at least a majority of the total voting power of all classes of Capital Stock of
such person (exclusive of any matters as to which class voting rights exist).
"Person" means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture,
trust, estate, unincorporated organization, limited liability company or
government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.
"Senior Debt" means the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on, rent
under, and any other amounts payable on or in or in respect of any Indebtedness
of the Company (including, without limitation, any Obligations in respect of
such Indebtedness and, in the case of Designated Senior Debt, any interest
accruing after the filing of a petition by or against the Company under any
bankruptcy law, whether or not allowed as a claim after such filing in any
proceeding under such bankruptcy law), whether outstanding on the date of the
Indenture or thereafter created, incurred, assumed, guaranteed or in effect
guaranteed by the Company (including all deferrals, renewals, extensions or
refundings of, or amendments, modifications or supplements to the foregoing);
provided, however, that Senior Debt does not include (v) Indebtedness evidenced
by the Notes, (w) any liability for federal, state, local or other taxes owed or
owing by the Company, (x) Indebtedness of the Company to any Subsidiary of the
Company except to the extent such Indebtedness is of a type described in clause
(ii) of the definition of Indebtedness, (y) trade payables of the Company for
goods, services or materials purchased in the ordinary course of business (other
than, to the extent they may otherwise constitute such trade payables, any
obligations of the type described in clause (ii) of the definition of
Indebtedness), and (z) any particular Indebtedness in which the instrument
creating or evidencing the same expressly provides that such Indebtedness shall
not be senior in right of payment to, or is pari passu with, or is subordinated
or junior to, the Notes.
"Subsidiary" means, with respect to any person, (i) any corporation,
association or other business entity of which more than 50% of the total voting
power of shares of capital stock entitled (without regard to the
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occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of directors, managers or
trustees thereof is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by
such person or one or more of the other Subsidiaries of that person (or a
combination thereof) and (ii) any partnership (a) the sole general partner or
the managing general partner of which is such person or a Subsidiary of such
person or (b) the only general partners of which are such person or of one or
more Subsidiaries of such person (or any combination thereof).
"Voting Stock" of a Person means all classes of Capital Stock or other
interests (including partnership interests) of such Person then outstanding and
normally entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote
in the election of directors, managers or trustees thereof.
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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
GENERAL
We are authorized to issue up to 500,000,000 shares of common stock, $.001
par value, and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $.001 par value. As of July
31, 2001, there were an aggregate of 161,360,719 shares of common stock
outstanding. In addition, as of July 31, 2001, 12,282,817 shares of common stock
were issuable upon exercise of outstanding options, 2,866,327 shares of common
stock were reserved for issuance under the Company's 1998 Stock Plan, 1998 Stock
Option Plan for French Employees, 1998 Director Option Plan and 1998 Employee
Stock Purchase Plan, 3,900,000 shares of common stock were reserved for issuance
upon conversion of outstanding warrants and 11,655,414 shares of common stock
were reserved for issuance upon conversion of our convertible notes.
The following description of our capital stock does not purport to be
complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by our Certificate of
Incorporation and Bylaws, which have been publicly filed with the SEC, and by
the provisions of applicable Delaware law.
Our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws contain certain provisions that
are intended to enhance the likelihood of continuity and stability in the
composition of our Board of Directors and which may have the effect of delaying,
deferring, or preventing a future takeover or change in control of our company
unless such takeover or change in control is approved by our Board of Directors.
COMMON STOCK
Holders of common stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters to
be voted upon by the stockholders. Holders of common stock do not have
cumulative voting rights, and, therefore, holders of a majority of the shares
voting for the election of directors can elect all of the directors. In such
event, the holders of the remaining shares will not be able to elect any
directors. See "Risk Factors -- Continued Control by Existing Stockholders."
Holders of the common stock are entitled to receive such dividends as may be
declared from time to time by the Board of Directors out of funds legally
available therefor, subject to the terms of any existing or future agreements
with our debtholders. We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our
capital stock. We expect to retain future earnings, if any, for use in the
operation and expansion of our business, and do not anticipate paying any cash
dividends in the foreseeable future. In the event of our liquidation,
dissolution or winding up, the holders of common stock are entitled to share
ratably in all assets legally available for distribution after payment of all
debts and other liabilities and subject to the prior rights of any holders of
preferred stock then outstanding.
PREFERRED STOCK
Our Board of Directors is authorized to issue up to 10,000,000 shares of
preferred stock in one or more series and to fix the price, rights, preferences,
privileges and restrictions thereof, including dividend rights, dividend rates,
conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, redemption prices,
liquidation preferences and the number of shares constituting a series or the
designation of such series, without any further vote or action by our
stockholders.
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DELAWARE ANTI-TAKEOVER LAW AND CERTAIN CHARTER AND BYLAW PROVISIONS
Certain provisions of Delaware law and our Certificate of Incorporation and
Bylaws could make our acquisition more difficult by means of a tender offer, a
proxy contest or otherwise and could also make the removal of incumbent officers
and directors more difficult. These provisions, summarized below, are expected
to discourage certain types of coercive takeover practices and inadequate
takeover bids and to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to first
negotiate with us. We believe that the benefits of increased protection of our
potential ability to negotiate with the proponent of an unfriendly or
unsolicited proposal to acquire or restructure us outweighs the disadvantages of
discouraging such proposals because, among other things, negotiation of such
proposals could result in an improvement of their terms.
Anti-Takeover Provisions of Delaware Law. We are subject to Section 203 of
the Delaware General Corporation Law. In general, the statute prohibits a
publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in any business combination
with any interested stockholder for a period of three years following the date
that the stockholder became an interested stockholder unless:
- prior to the date the stockholder became an interested stockholder, the
board of directors of the corporation approved either the business
combination or the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming
an interested stockholder;
- upon consummation of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder's
becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at
least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time
the transaction commenced, excluding those shares owned by persons who are
directors and also officers, and employee stock plans in which employee
participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether
shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange
offer; or
- on or subsequent to the date the stockholder became an interested
stockholder, the business combination is approved by the board of
directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders,
and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds
of the outstanding voting stock that is not owned by the interested
stockholder.
Section 203 defines "business combination" to include:
- any merger or consolidation involving the corporation and the interested
stockholder;
- any sale, transfer, pledge or other disposition involving the interested
stockholder of 10% or more of the assets of the corporation;
- subject to exceptions, any transaction that results in the issuance or
transfer by the corporation of any stock of the corporation to the
interested stockholder; or
- the receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit of any loans,
advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits provided by or
through the corporation.
In general, Section 203 defines an interested stockholder as any entity or
person beneficially owning 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the
corporation and any entity or person affiliated with or controlling or
controlled by the entity or person.
Undesignated Preferred Stock. The issuance of preferred stock, while
providing desirable flexibility in connection with possible acquisitions and
other corporate purposes, could have the effect of delaying, deferring or making
more difficult a change in control of the company and may adversely affect the
market price of, and
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the voting and other rights of, the holders of our common stock. The issuance of
preferred stock with voting and conversion rights may adversely affect the
voting power of the holders of our common stock, including the loss of voting
control to others. We have no current plans to issue any additional shares of
preferred stock.
TRANSFER AGENT AND REGISTRAR
The Transfer Agent and Registrar for our common stock is First Chicago Trust
Company of New York Shareholder Services, 525 Washington Boulevard, Jersey City,
NJ 07310; telephone (201) 324-0014.
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CERTAIN UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
This section summarizes some of the U.S. federal income tax considerations
relating to the purchase, ownership, and disposition of the Notes and of common
stock into which the Notes may be converted. This summary does not provide a
complete analysis of all potential tax considerations. The information provided
below is based on existing authorities. These authorities may change, or the
Internal Revenue Service (the "IRS") might interpret the existing authorities
differently. In either case, the tax consequences of purchasing, owning or
disposing of Notes or common stock could differ from those described below. The
summary generally applies only to beneficial owners of Notes who are "U.S.
Holders" that hold the Notes or common stock as "capital assets" (generally, for
investment). For this purpose, U.S. Holders include citizens or residents of the
United States and corporations organized under the laws of the United States or
any state. Trusts are U.S. Holders if they are subject to the primary
supervision of a U.S. court and the control of one of more U.S. persons. Special
rules apply to beneficial owners of Notes who are nonresident alien individuals,
foreign corporations or trusts ("Non-U.S. Holders"). This summary describes
some, but not all, of these special rules. The summary generally does not
address tax considerations that may be relevant to particular investors because
of their specific circumstances, or because they are subject to special rules,
including investors who hold Notes or common stock through a partnership.
Finally, the summary does not describe the effect of the federal estate and gift
tax laws on U.S. Holders or the effects of any applicable foreign, state, or
local laws.
INVESTORS CONSIDERING THE PURCHASE OF NOTES SHOULD CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX
ADVISORS REGARDING THE APPLICATION OF THE U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX LAWS TO THEIR
PARTICULAR SITUATIONS AND THE CONSEQUENCES OF FEDERAL ESTATE OR GIFT TAX LAWS,
FOREIGN, STATE, OR LOCAL LAWS, AND TAX TREATIES.
U.S. HOLDERS
Taxation of Interest
U.S. Holders will be required to recognize as ordinary income any interest
paid or accrued on the Notes, in accordance with their regular method of
accounting. In general, if the terms of a debt instrument entitle a holder to
receive payments other than fixed periodic interest that exceed the issue price
of the instrument, the holder may be required to recognize additional interest
as "original issue discount" over the term of the instrument. We believe that
the Notes were not issued with original issue discount. Holders of the Notes
have the right to require us to redeem the Notes at a price above their
principal amount upon the occurrence of a Change in Control or Termination of
Trading. The original issue discount rules allow contingent payments such as
these to be disregarded in computing a holder's interest income if the
contingency is "remote." We believe that the possibility of a Change in Control
or Termination in Trading is remote. Our determination in this regard is binding
on holders unless they disclose their contrary position. If, contrary to
expectations, we redeem Notes at a premium upon a Change of Control or
Termination of Trading, the redemption premium would be treated as capital gain
under the rules described under "U.S. Holders -- Sale, Exchange or Redemption of
the Notes."
Market Discount
A U.S. holder that purchases a Note with "market discount" -- that is, at a
price that is less than the principal amount -- will be subject to special
rules. Under a de minimis exception, however, these special rules will not apply
if the amount of market discount does not exceed one quarter of one percent for
each full year remaining until the maturity of the Notes. If the special rules
apply, any gain recognized by the holder upon a sale or other disposition of a
Note will be treated as ordinary income rather than capital gain to the extent
of that portion of the market discount that accrued prior to the disposition.
Market discount generally accrues on a straight line basis over the remaining
term of a Note, but the holder can elect to compute accrued market
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discount based on the economic yield of the Note. The holder of a Note with
market discount might be required to recognize gain to the extent of accrued
market discount even if the disposition takes a form (such as a gift) in which
the holder would not normally be required to recognize gain. The market discount
rules will not affect the tax consequences to the holder upon conversion of a
Note, which will generally be tax-free, as described below under "U.S.
Holders -- Conversion of the Notes." The market discount that accrued prior to
conversion, however, will be carried over to the stock received on conversion,
so that, to that extent, any gain recognized by the holder upon disposition of
the stock will be treated as ordinary income. Finally, if the holder's purchase
of Notes is debt-financed, the holder will not be entitled to deduct interest
expense allocable to accrued market discount until the holder recognizes the
corresponding income. The holder of a Note with market discount may elect to
include the market discount in income as it accrues. If a holder makes this
election, any gain recognized on a disposition of the Note would be entirely
capital gain, and the rules deferring the deduction of interest on related loans
would not apply.
Amortizable Premium
If a U.S. holder purchases a Note at a price that exceeds the principal
amount plus accrued interest, the holder can elect to amortize the premium as a
reduction to interest income so that the income reported by the holder each
period reflects the holder's economic yield. Any premium paid on acquiring a
Note is not amortizable, however, to the extent that it reflects the value of
the conversion privilege of the Note. If the holder elects to amortize premium,
the amortized premium would reduce the holder's tax basis in the Note.
Sale, Exchange or Redemption of the Notes
A U.S. Holder will generally recognize capital gain or loss if the holder
disposes of a Note in a sale, redemption or exchange other than a conversion of
the Note into common stock. The holder's gain or loss will equal the difference
between the proceeds received by the holder and the holder's adjusted tax basis
in the Note. The proceeds received by the holder will include the amount of any
cash and the fair market value of any other property received for the Note. The
holder's tax basis in the Note will generally equal the amount the holder paid
for the Note. The portion of any proceeds that is attributable to accrued
interest will not be taken into account in computing the holder's capital gain
or loss. Instead, that portion will be recognized as ordinary interest income to
the extent that the holder has not previously included the accrued interest in
income. The gain or loss recognized by a holder on a disposition of the Note
will be long-term capital gain or loss if the holder held the Note for more than
one year. Long-term capital gains of non-corporate taxpayers are taxed at lower
rates than those applicable to ordinary income. The deductibility of capital
losses is subject to limitation.
Conversion of the Notes
A U.S. Holder generally will not recognize any income, gain or loss on
converting a Note into common stock. If the holder receives cash in lieu of a
fractional share of stock, however, the holder would be treated as if he
received the fractional share and then had the fractional share redeemed for the
cash. The holder would recognize gain or loss equal to the difference between
the cash received and that portion of his basis in the stock attributable to the
fractional share. The holder's aggregate basis in the common stock (including
any fractional share deemed received) will equal his adjusted basis in the Note.
The holder's holding period for the stock will include the period during which
he held the Note.
Dividends
If, after a U.S. Holder converts a Note into common stock, we make a
distribution in respect of that stock, the distribution will be treated as a
dividend, taxable to the U.S. Holder as ordinary income, to the extent it is
paid from our current or accumulated earnings and profits. If the distribution
exceeds our current and accumulated profits, the excess will be treated first as
a tax-free return of the holder's investment, up to the
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holder's basis in its common stock. Any remaining excess will be treated as
capital gain. If the U.S. Holder is a U.S. corporation, it would generally be
able to claim a deduction equal to a portion of any dividends received.
The terms of the Notes allow for changes in the conversion price of the
Notes in certain circumstances. A change in Conversion Price that allows
noteholders to receive more shares of common stock on conversion may increase
the Noteholders' proportionate interests in our earnings and profits or assets.
In that case, the Noteholders would be treated as though they received a
dividend in the form of our stock. Such a constructive stock dividend could be
taxable to the Noteholders, although they would not actually receive any cash or
other property. A taxable constructive stock dividend would result, for example,
if the Conversion Price is adjusted to compensate Noteholders for distributions
of cash or property to our shareholders. Not all changes in Conversion Price
that allow Noteholders to receive more stock on conversion, however, increase
the Noteholders' proportionate interests in the Company. For instance, a change
in Conversion Price could simply prevent the dilution of the Noteholders'
interests upon a stock split or other change in capital structure. Changes of
this type, if made by a bona fide, reasonable adjustment formula, are not
treated as constructive stock dividends. Conversely, if an event occurs that
dilutes the Noteholders' interests and the Conversion Price is not adjusted, the
resulting increase in the proportionate interests of our shareholders could be
treated as a taxable stock dividend to them. Any taxable constructive stock
dividends resulting from a change to, or failure to change, the Conversion Price
would be treated like dividends paid in cash or other property. They would
result in ordinary income to the recipient, to the extent of our current or
accumulated earnings and profits, with any excess treated as a tax-free return
of capital or as capital gain.
Sale of Common Stock
A U.S. Holder will generally recognize capital gain or loss on a sale or
exchange of common stock. The holder's gain or loss will equal the difference
between the proceeds received by the holder and the holder's adjusted tax basis
in the stock. The proceeds received by the holder will include the amount of any
cash and the fair market value of any other property received for the stock. The
gain or loss recognized by a holder on a sale or exchange of stock will be
long-term capital gain or loss if the holder held the stock for more than one
year.
SPECIAL TAX RULES APPLICABLE TO NON-U.S. HOLDERS
Taxation of Interest
Payments of interest to nonresident persons or entities are generally
subject to U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30 percent, collected by means
of withholding by the payor. Payments of interest on the Notes to most Non-U.S.
Holders, however, will qualify as "portfolio interest," and thus will be exempt
from the withholding tax, if the holders certify their nonresident status as
described below. The portfolio interest exception will not apply to payments of
interest to a Non-U.S. Holder that
- owns, directly, indirectly, or constructively (taking into account the
stock that would be received upon conversion of the holder's Notes) at
least 10 percent of our voting stock, or
- is a "controlled foreign corporation" that is related to us.
In general, a foreign corporation is a controlled foreign corporation if at
least 50 percent of its stock is owned, directly or indirectly, by one or more
U.S. persons that each owns, directly or indirectly, at least 10 percent of the
corporation's voting stock.
The portfolio interest exception and several of the special rules for
Non-U.S. Holders described below apply only if the holder certifies its
nonresident status. A Non-U.S. Holder can meet this certification requirement by
providing a Form W-8BEN or appropriate substitute form to us, or our paying
agent. If the holder holds the Note through a financial institution or other
agent acting on the holder's behalf, the holder will be required to provide
appropriate documentation to the agent. The holder's agent will then be required
to provide certification
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to us or our paying agent, either directly or through other intermediaries. For
payments made to a foreign partnership, the certification requirements generally
apply to the partners rather than the partnership.
Sale, Exchange or Redemption of Notes
Non-U.S. Holders generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on
any gain realized on the sale, exchange, or other disposition of Notes. This
general rule, however, is subject to several exceptions. For example, the gain
would be subject to U.S. federal income tax if
- the gain is effectively connected with the conduct by the Non-U.S. Holder
of a U.S. trade or business,
- the Non-U.S. Holder was a citizen or resident of the United States and
thus is subject to special rules that apply to expatriates, or
- the rules of the Foreign Investment in Real Property Tax Act ("FIRPTA")
(described below) treat the gain as effectively connected with a U.S.
trade or business.
The FIRPTA rules may apply to a sale, exchange or other disposition of Notes if
we are, or were within five years before the transaction, a "U.S. real property
holding corporation" ("USRPHC"). In general, we would be a USRPHC if interests
in U.S. real estate comprised most of our assets. We do not believe that we are
a USRPHC or that we will become one in the future. The FIRPTA rules would apply
to a disposition of Notes by a Non-U.S. Holder only if the holder owned,
directly or indirectly, more than 5 percent of our common stock within five
years before the holder's disposition of the notes. For this purpose, the
Non-U.S. Holder would be treated as owning the stock that the holder could
acquire on conversion of the holder's Notes. If all of these conditions were
met, and the FIRPTA rules applied to the sale, exchange, or other disposition of
Notes by a Non-U.S. Holder, then any gain recognized by the holder would be
treated as effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business, and would thus
be subject to U.S. federal income tax.
Conversion of the Notes
A Non-U.S. Holder generally will not recognize any income, gain or loss on
converting a Note into common stock. Any gain recognized as a result of the
holder's receipt of cash in lieu of a fractional share of stock would also
generally not be subject to U.S. federal income tax. See "Special Tax Rules
Applicable to Non-U.S. Holders -- Sale of Common Stock," below.
Dividends
Dividends paid to a Non-U.S. Holder on common stock received on conversion
of a Note will generally be subject to U.S. withholding tax at a 30 percent
rate. Constructive dividends resulting from a change, or failure to change, the
Conversion Price of Notes would probably be subject to withholding tax. The
withholding tax might not apply, however, or might apply at a reduced rate,
under the terms of a tax treaty between the United States and the Non-U.S.
Holder's country of residence. A Non-U.S. Holder must demonstrate its
entitlement to treaty benefits by certifying its nonresident status as described
under "Special Tax Rules Applicable to Non-U.S. Holders -- Taxation of
Interest."
Sale of Common Stock
Non-U.S. Holders will generally not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on
any gains realized on the sale, exchange, or other disposition of common stock.
This general rule, however, is subject to exceptions, some of which are
described under "Special Tax Rules Applicable to Non-U.S. Holders -- Sale,
Exchange or Redemption of Notes."
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Income or Gains Effectively Connected With a U.S. Trade or Business
The preceding discussion of the tax consequences of the purchase, ownership
or disposition of Notes or common stock by a Non-U.S. Holder assumes that the
holder is not engaged in a U.S. trade or business. If any interest on Notes,
dividends on common stock, or gain from the sale, exchange or other disposition
of the Notes or stock is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business
conducted by the Non-U.S. Holder, then the income or gain will be subject to
U.S. federal income tax at the regular graduated rates. If the Non-U.S. Holder
is eligible for the benefits of a tax treaty between the United States and the
holder's country of residence, any "effectively connected" income or gain will
be subject to U.S. federal income tax only if it is also attributable to a
permanent establishment or fixed place of business maintained by the holder in
the United States. Payments of dividends that are effectively connected with a
U.S. trade or business, and therefore included in the gross income of a Non-U.S.
Holder, will not be subject to the 30 percent withholding tax. To claim
exemption from withholding, the holder must certify its qualification, which can
be done by filing a Form W-8ECI. If the Non-U.S. Holder is a corporation, that
portion of its earnings and profits that is effectively connected with its U.S.
trade or business would generally be subject to a "branch profits tax." The
branch profits tax rate is generally 30 percent, although an applicable tax
treaty might provide for a lower rate.
U.S. Federal Estate Tax
The estates of nonresident alien individuals are subject to U.S. federal
estate tax on property with a U.S. situs. Notes will generally not be U.S. situs
property as long as interest on the Notes paid immediately before the death of
the holder would not have been subject to tax because of the portfolio interest
exception described under "Special Tax Rules Applicable to Non-U.S.
Holders -- Taxation of Interest." Even if interest paid on Notes would have been
portfolio interest, Notes might still be U.S. situs property if the interest is
also effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business. Because we are a U.S.
corporation, our common stock will be U.S. situs property, and therefore will be
included in the taxable estate of a nonresident alien decedent. The U.S. federal
estate tax liability of the estate of a nonresident alien may be affected by a
tax treaty between the United States and the decedent's country of residence.
BACKUP WITHHOLDING AND INFORMATION REPORTING
The Code and the Treasury regulations require those who make specified
payments to report the payments to the IRS. Among the specified payments are
interest, dividends, and proceeds paid by brokers to their customers. The
required information returns enable the IRS to determine whether the recipient
properly included the payments in income. This reporting regime is reinforced by
"backup withholding" rules. These rules require the payors to withhold tax from
payments subject to information reporting if the recipient fails to cooperate
with the reporting regime by failing to provide his taxpayer identification
number to the payor, furnishing an incorrect identification number, or
repeatedly failing to report interest or dividends on his returns. The
withholding tax rate is currently 31 percent, but will be reduced to 30.5
percent on August 7, 2001, and will be further reduced in stages thereafter,
down to 28 percent beginning in 2006. The information reporting and backup
withholding rules do not apply to payments to corporations, whether domestic or
foreign.
Payments of interest or dividends to non-corporate U.S. Holders of Notes or
common stock will generally be subject to information reporting, and will be
subject to backup withholding unless the holder provides us or our paying agent
with a correct taxpayer identification number.
The information reporting and backup withholding rules do not apply to
payments that are subject to the 30 percent withholding tax on dividends or
interest paid to nonresidents, or to payments that are exempt from that tax by
application of a tax treaty or special exception. Therefore, payments to
Non-U.S. Holders of dividends on common stock, or interest on Notes, will
generally not be subject to information reporting or backup withholding. To
avoid backup withholding, however, a Non-U.S. Holder will have to certify its
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nonresident status, as described under "Special Rules Applicable to Non-U.S.
Holders -- Taxation of Interest." Payments made to U.S. Holders by a broker upon
a sale of Notes or common stock will generally be subject to information
reporting and backup withholding. If, however, the sale is made through a
foreign office of a U.S. broker, the sale will be subject to information
reporting but not backup withholding. If the sale is made through a foreign
office of a foreign broker, the sale will generally not be subject to either
information reporting or backup withholding. This exception may not apply,
however, if the foreign broker is owned or controlled by U.S. persons, or is
engaged in a U.S. trade or business.
Although the rules for reportable payments will not apply to interest paid
on Notes and dividends paid on common stock, we will be required to report to
the IRS, under a separate information reporting regime, payments of portfolio
interest or dividends, interest, or dividends subject to a reduced rate of
withholding or exemption under an applicable tax treaty, or interest or
dividends subject to 30% withholding. Copies of these reports may be made
available to foreign tax authorities under applicable agreements.
Payments made to Non-U.S. Holders by a broker upon a sale of Notes or common
stock will not be subject to information reporting or backup withholding as long
as the Non-U.S. Holder certifies its foreign status.
Any amounts withheld from a payment to a holder of Notes or common stock
under the backup withholding rules can be credited against any U.S. federal
income tax liability of the holder.
THE PRECEDING DISCUSSION OF CERTAIN U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
IS FOR GENERAL INFORMATION ONLY. IT IS NOT TAX ADVICE. EACH PROSPECTIVE INVESTOR
SHOULD CONSULT ITS OWN TAX ADVISOR REGARDING THE PARTICULAR U.S. FEDERAL, STATE,
LOCAL, AND FOREIGN TAX CONSEQUENCES OF PURCHASING, HOLDING, AND DISPOSING OF OUR
NOTES OR COMMON STOCK, INCLUDING THE CONSEQUENCES OF ANY PROPOSED CHANGE IN
APPLICABLE LAWS.
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SELLING SECURITY HOLDERS
We originally issued the Notes in transactions exempt from the registration
requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 in May 2001. Selling security holders
may from time to time offer and sell the Notes and our common stock pursuant to
this prospectus.
The following table contains information as of August 7, 2001, with respect
to the selling security holders and the principal amount of Notes and the
underlying common stock beneficially owned by each selling security holders that
may be offered using this prospectus.
PRINCIPAL AMOUNT
AT MATURITY OF
CONVERTIBLE PERCENTAGE OF
NOTES BENEFICIALLY CONVERTIBLE NUMBER OF SHARES PERCENTAGE OF
OWNED THAT MAY NOTES OF COMMON STOCK COMMON STOCK
NAME BE SOLD OUTSTANDING THAT MAY BE SOLD(1) OUTSTANDING(2)
---- ------------------ ------------- ------------------- --------------
Amaranth Securities L.L.C..... $ 8,000,000.00 3.20000% 228,571 0.14145%
Argent Classic Convertible
Arbitrage Fund (Bermuda)
Ltd. ....................... $ 7,000,000.00 2.80000% 200,000 0.12379%
Argent Classic Convertible
Arbitrage Fund L.P.......... $ 3,000,000.00 1.20000% 85,714 0.05309%
Arkansas Pers................. $ 985,000.00 0.39400% 28,143 0.01744%
Bank Austria Cayman Island
LTD......................... $ 1,000,000.00 0.40000% 28,571 0.01770%
BBT Fund...................... $ 2,500,000.00 1.00000% 71,429 0.04424%
Bear Stearns & Co. Inc........ $ 2,500,000.00 1.00000% 71,429 0.04424%
Black Diamond Offshore Ltd.... $ 1,023,000.00 0.40920% 29,229 0.01811%
Boilermakers Blacksmith
Pension Trust............... $ 1,350,000.00 0.54000% 38,571 0.02390%
BTESC......................... $ 500,000.00 0.20000% 14,286 0.00885%
BTOPT-BTPO Growth vs Value.... $ 1,000,000.00 0.40000% 28,571 0.01770%
CALAMOS(R) Market Neutral Fund
CALAMOS(R) Investment
Trust....................... $ 3,500,000.00 1.40000% 100,000 0.06193%
CIBC World Markets............ $ 2,500,000.00 1.00000% 71,429 0.04424%
Delaware Pers................. $ 1,525,000.00 0.61000% 43,571 0.02699%
Deutsche Banc Alex Brown
Inc......................... $24,000,000.00 9.60000% 685,714 0.42314%
DKB Alpine Global Fund........ $ 250,000.00 0.10000% 7,143 0.00443%
Double Black Diamond Offshore
LDC......................... $ 4,725,000.00 1.89000% 135,000 0.09369%
Enron North America Corp...... $ 2,500,000.00 1.00000% 71,429 0.04424%
Highbridge International
LLC......................... $13,000,000.00 5.20000% 371,429 0.22965%
ICI American Holdings Trust... $ 530,000.00 0.21200% 15,143 0.00938%
J.P. Morgan Securities........ $20,000,000.00 8.00000% 571,429 0.35287%
Kentfield Trading, Ltd. ...... $15,232,000.00 6.09280% 435,200 0.25697%
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PRINCIPAL AMOUNT
AT MATURITY OF
CONVERTIBLE PERCENTAGE OF
NOTES BENEFICIALLY CONVERTIBLE NUMBER OF SHARES PERCENTAGE OF
OWNED THAT MAY NOTES OF COMMON STOCK COMMON STOCK
NAME BE SOLD OUTSTANDING THAT MAY BE SOLD(1) OUTSTANDING(2)
---- ------------------ ------------- ------------------- --------------
Lincoln National Convertible
Securities Fund............. $ 1,000,000.00 0.40000% 28,571 0.01770%
Morgan Stanley & Co........... $ 5,000,000.00 2.00000% 142,857 0.08845%
North Pole Capital Investments
Ltd......................... $ 1,800,000.00 0.72000% 51,429 0.03186%
Onyx Fund Holdings, LDC....... $ 7,500,000.00 3.00000% 214,286 0.13262%
Paloma Securities LLC......... $ 1,250,000.00 0.50000% 35,714 0.02213%
Polar Hedge Enhanced Income
Trust....................... $ 200,000.00 0.08000% 5,714 0.00354%
Quattro Fund Ltd. ............ $ 4,000,000.00 1.60000% 114,286 0.07077%
Ramius Capital Group.......... $ 1,000,000.00 0.40000% 28,571 0.01770%
RCG Latitude Master Fund...... $ 2,000,000.00 0.80000% 57,143 0.03540%
Sagamore Hill Hub Fund
Ltd. ....................... $ 6,500,000.00 2.60000% 185,714 0.11496%
State of Oregon -- Equity..... $ 4,850,000.00 1.94000% 138,571 0.08580%
Syngenta AG................... $ 255,000.00 0.10200% 7,286 0.00451%
TCW Group, Inc................ $15,395,000.00 6.15800% 439,857 0.27184%
TQA Master Fund, LTD.......... $ 2,500,000.00 1.00000% 71,429 0.04424%
TQA Master Plus Fund Ltd...... $ 7,500,000.00 3.00000% 214,286 0.13262%
UBS O'Connor LLC F/B/O UBS
Global Equity Arbitrage
Master Ltd.................. $ 1,500,000.00 0.60000% 42,857 0.02655%
White River Securities
L.L.C. ..................... $12,500,000.00 5.00000% 357,143 0.22083%
Worldwide Transactions
Ltd. ....................... $ 252,000.00 0.10080% 7,200 0.00446%
Zeneca Holdings Trust......... $ 375,000.00 0.15000% 10,714 0.00864%
Any other holder of Notes or
future transferee, pledgee,
donee or successor of any
holder (3)(4)............... $58,003,000.00 23.20120% 1,657,229 1.01656%
-------------------------
(1) Assumes conversion of all of the Notes at a conversion price of $35.00 per
share of common stock. However, this conversion price will be subject to
adjustment as described under "Description of Notes -- Conversion." As a
result, the amount of common stock issuable upon conversion of the
convertible notes may increase or decrease in the future.
(2) Calculated based on Rule 13d-3(d)(i) of the Exchange Act using 161,368,048
shares of common stock outstanding as of August 7, 2001. In calculating this
amount, we treated as outstanding the number of shares of common stock
issuable upon conversion of all of that particular holder's Notes. However,
we did not assume the conversion of any other holder's Notes.
(3) Information about other selling security holders will be set forth in
prospectus supplements, if required.
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(4) Assumes that any other holders of Notes, or any future transferees,
pledgees, donees or successors of or from any such other holders of Notes,
do not beneficially own any common stock other than the common stock
issuable upon conversion of the notes at the initial conversion rate.
We prepared this table based on the information supplied to us on or before
August 7, 2001 by the selling securityholders named in the table.
The selling securityholders listed in the above table may have sold or
transferred, in transactions exempt from the registration requirements of the
Securities Act, some or all of their Notes since the date on which the
information in the above table is presented. Information about the selling
securityholders may change from over time. Any changed information will be set
forth in prospectus supplements.
Because the selling securityholders may offer all or some of their Notes or
the underlying common stock from time to time, we cannot estimate the amount of
the Notes or underlying common stock that will be held by the selling
securityholders upon the termination of any particular offering. See "Plan of
Distribution."
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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
We will not receive any of the proceeds of the sale of the Notes or the
common stock offered by this prospectus. The Notes and the common stock issued
upon their conversion may be sold from time to time to purchasers:
- directly by the selling security holders;
- through underwriters, broker-dealers or agents who may receive
compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the
selling security holders or the purchasers of the Notes or the common
stock.
The selling security holders and any such broker-dealers or agents who
participate in the distribution of the Notes or common stock may be deemed to be
"underwriters." As a result, any profits on the sale of the Notes or common
stock by selling security holders and any discounts, commissions or concessions
received by any such broker-dealers or agents might be deemed to be underwriting
discounts and commissions under the Securities Act. If the selling security
holders were to deemed underwriters, the selling security holders may be subject
to certain statutory liabilities of, including, but not limited to, Sections 11,
12 and 17 of the Securities Act and Rule 10b-5 under the Exchange Act.
If the Notes or common stock are sold through underwriters or
broker-dealers, the selling security holders will be responsible for
underwriting discounts or commissions or agent's commissions.
The Notes and common stock may be sold in one or more transactions at:
- fixed prices;
- prevailing market prices at the time of sale;
- varying prices determined at the time of sale; or
- negotiated prices.
These sales may be effected in transactions:
- on any national securities exchange or quotation service on which the
Notes or common stock may be listed or quoted at the time of the sale,
including the Nasdaq National Market in the case of the common stock;
- in the over-the-counter market;
- in transactions otherwise than on such exchanges or services or in the
over-the-counter market; or
- through the writing of options.
These transactions may include block transactions or crosses. Crosses are
transactions in which the same broker acts as an agent on both sides of the
trade.
In connection with sales of the Notes or common stock or otherwise, the
selling security holders may enter into hedging transactions with
broker-dealers. These broker-dealers may in turn engage in short sales of the
Notes or common stock in the course of hedging their positions. The selling
security holders may also sell the Notes or common stock short and deliver Notes
or common stock to close out short positions, or loan or pledge Notes or common
stock to broker-dealers that in turn may sell the Notes or common stock.
To our knowledge, there are currently no plans, arrangement or
understandings between any Selling Security Holders and any underwriter,
broker-dealer or agent regarding the sale of the Notes or common stock by the
selling security holders. Selling security holders may not sell any or all of
the Notes or the underlying common stock offered by them pursuant to this
prospectus. In addition, we cannot assure you that any such
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selling security holder will not transfer, devise or gift the Notes or common
stock by other means not described in this prospectus.
Our common stock trades on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol
"AMKR."
There can be no assurance that any selling security holder will sell any or
all of the Notes or common stock pursuant to this prospectus. In addition, any
Notes or common stock covered by this prospectus that qualify for sale pursuant
to Rule 144 or Rule 144A of the Securities Act may be sold under Rule 144 or
Rule 144A rather than pursuant to this prospectus.
The selling security holders and any other person participating in such
distribution will be subject to the Exchange Act. The Exchange Act rules
include, without limitation, Regulation M, which may limit the timing of
purchases and sales of any of the Notes or common stock by the selling security
holders and any other such person. In addition, Regulation M of the Exchange Act
may restrict the ability of any person engaged in the distribution of the Notes
or common stock to engage in market-making activities with respect to the
particular Notes or common stock being distributed for a period of up to five
business days prior to the commencement of such distribution. This may affect
the marketability of the Notes or common stock and the ability of any person or
entity to engage in market-making activities with respect to the Notes or common
stock.
Pursuant to the registration rights agreement filed as an exhibit to the
registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, we and the selling
security holders will be indemnified by the other against certain liabilities,
including certain liabilities under the Securities Act, or will be entitled to
contribution in connection with these liabilities.
We have agreed to pay substantially all of the expenses incidental to the
registration, offering and sale of the notes and underlying common stock to the
public other than commissions, fees and discounts of underwriters, brokers,
dealers and agents.
LEGAL MATTERS
The validity of the issuance of our securities offered by this prospectus
will be passed upon for Amkor Technology, Inc. by Wilson Sonsini Goodrich &
Rosati, Professional Corporation, Palo Alto, California.
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EXPERTS
The audited consolidated financial statements of Amkor Technology, Inc. and
its subsidiaries as of December 31, 1999 and for the years ended December 31,
1998 and 1999, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K incorporated by
reference in this prospectus, have been audited by Arthur Andersen LLP,
independent public accountants. In their report, that firm states that with
respect to the investment in ASI and with respect to Amkor Technology Korea,
Inc. ("ATK"), one of our wholly-owned subsidiaries, its opinion is based on the
report of Samil Accounting Corporation.
On September 11, 2000, we dismissed Arthur Andersen LLP as our independent
public accountants. We engaged PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as our new independent
public accountants as of September 18, 2000.
The consolidated financial statements of Amkor Technology, Inc. and its
subsidiaries as of and for the year ended December 31, 2000, included in our
Annual Report on Form 10-K incorporated by reference in this prospectus, except
as they relate to Amkor Technology Philippines (P1/P2), Inc. and Amkor
Technology Philippines (P3/P4), Inc. (both wholly-owned subsidiaries of ours),
have been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, independent accountants, and
insofar as they relate to Amkor Technology Philippines (P1/P2), Inc. and Amkor
Technology Philippines (P3/P4), Inc., by SyCip Gorres Velayo & Co., as stated in
their report which is included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, incorporated
by reference in this prospectus.
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PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN THE PROSPECTUS
ITEM 14. OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION
The aggregate expenses to be paid by the Registrant in connection with this
offering are as follows:
Securities and Exchange Commission registration fee......... $ 62,500
Nasdaq National Market Listing Fee.......................... 17,500*
Accounting fees and expenses................................ 30,000*
Legal fees and expenses..................................... 50,000*
Miscellaneous............................................... 15,000*
--------
Total............................................. $175,000
========
-------------------------
* Estimated
ITEM 15. INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
As permitted by Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the
"DGCL"), Amkor's Certificate of Incorporation provides that each person who is
or was or who had agreed to become a director or officer of Amkor or who had
agreed at the request of Amkor's Board of Directors or an officer of Amkor to
serve as an employee or agent of Amkor or as a director, officer, employee or
agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other
enterprise, shall be indemnified by Amkor to the full extent permitted by the
DGCL or any other applicable laws. Such Certificate of Incorporation also
provides that no amendment or repeal of such Certificate shall apply to or have
any effect on the right to indemnification permitted or authorized thereunder
for or with respect to claims asserted before or after such amendment or repeal
arising from acts or omissions occurring in whole or in part before the
effective date of such amendment or repeal.
Amkor's Bylaws provide that Amkor shall indemnify to the full extent
authorized by law any person made or threatened to be made a party to an action
or a proceeding, whether criminal, civil, administrative or investigative, by
reason of the fact that he or she was or is a director, officer or employee of
Amkor or any predecessor of Amkor or serves or served any other enterprise as a
director, officer or employee at the request of Amkor or any predecessor of
Amkor.
Amkor has entered into indemnification agreements with its directors and
certain of its officers.
Amkor maintains insurance on behalf of any person who is a director or
officer against any loss arising from any claim asserted against such person and
expense incurred by such person in any such capacity, subject to certain
exclusions.
ITEM 16. EXHIBITS
The following exhibits are filed herewith or incorporated by reference
herein:
EXHIBIT
NUMBER EXHIBIT TITLE
------- -------------
3.1 Certificate of Incorporation.***
3.2 Certificate of Correction to Certificate of
Incorporation.****
3.3 Bylaws.****
4.1 Indenture dated as of May 25, 2001 between the Registrant
and State Street Bank and Trust Company, including form of
5.75% Convertible Subordinated Note Due 2006.**
4.2 Registration Rights Agreement dated as of May 25, 2001 among
the Registrant and the Initial Purchasers.**
II-1
53
EXHIBIT
NUMBER EXHIBIT TITLE
------- -------------
4.3 Form of Note (included in Exhibit 4.1)
5.1 Opinion of Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati, Professional
Corporation.
12.1 Calculation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.**
21.1 List of Subsidiaries of the Registrant.**
23.1 Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.
23.2 Consent of SyCip Gorres Velayo & Co.
23.3 Consent of Samil Accounting Corporation.
23.4 Consent of Arthur Andersen LLP.
23.5 Consent of Siana Carr & O'Connor, LLP.
23.6 Consent of Ahn Kwon & Co.
23.7 Consent of Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati (included in
Exhibit 5.1).
24.1 Power of Attorney (Included on page II-4).
25.1 Statement of Eligibility of Trustee.
-------------------------
* Incorporated by reference to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for
the period ended December 31, 2000.
** Incorporated by reference to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
for the period ended June 30, 2001.
*** Incorporated by reference to the Company's Registration Statement on Form
S-1 filed October 6, 1997, as amended.
**** Incorporated by reference to the Company's Registration Statement on Form
S-1 filed August 26, 1998, as amended.
ITEM 17. UNDERTAKINGS
The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes:
(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made,
a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:
(a) To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the
Securities Act,
(b) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after
the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent
post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the
aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in
the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase
or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of
securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any
deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering
range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the
Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in
volume and price represent no more than a 20 percent change in the
maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the "Calculation of
Registration Fee" table in the effective registration statement,
(c) To include any material information with respect to the plan of
distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or
any material change to such information in the registration statement;
provided, however, that clauses (a) and (b) do not apply if the
information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by such
clauses is contained in periodic reports filed with or furnished to the
Securities and Exchange Commission by the Registrant pursuant to Section
13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange
Act") that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement.
II-2
54
(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the
Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed a new
registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the
offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial
bona fide offering thereof.
(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment
any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the
termination of the offering.
(4) That, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities
Act, each filing of the Registrant's annual report pursuant to Section 13(a)
or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act that is incorporated by reference in
this Registration Statement shall be deemed to be a new registration
statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of
such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide
offering thereof.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act
may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the
Registrant pursuant to the provisions described under Item 15 above, or
otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities
and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as
expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event
that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities, other than the
payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or
controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action,
suit or proceeding, is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person
in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless
in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling
precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether
such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the
Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes that:
(1) For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act
of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part
of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a
form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4)
or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this
registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.
(2) For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities
Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of
prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to
the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that
time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
II-3
55
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, we
duly have caused this registration statement to be signed on our behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of West Chester,
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania on August 21, 2001.
AMKOR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
By: /s/ JAMES J. KIM
------------------------------------
James J. Kim
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears
below constitutes and appoints James J. Kim and Kenneth T. Joyce, and each of
them, his attorneys-in-fact, each with the power of substitution, for him and
his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all
amendments (including post-effective amendments)to this Registration Statement,
and to sign any registration statement for the same offering covered by this
Registration Statement that are to be effective upon filing pursuant to Rule
462(b) promulgated under the Securities Act, and all post-effective amendments
thereto, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto in all documents in
connection therewith, with the SEC, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and
agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and
every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the
premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in
person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that such attorneys-in-fact and
agents or any of them, or his or their substitute or substitutes, may lawfully
do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
registration statement has been signed by the following persons on August 21,
2001 in the capacities indicated.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/s/ JAMES J. KIM Chief Executive Officer and Chairman
---------------------------------------------------
James J. Kim
/s/ JOHN N. BORUCH President and Director
---------------------------------------------------
John N. Boruch
/s/ KENNETH T. JOYCE Chief Financial Officer
--------------------------------------------------- (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
Kenneth T. Joyce
/s/ WINSTON J. CHURCHILL Director
---------------------------------------------------
Winston J. Churchill
/s/ THOMAS D. GEORGE Director
---------------------------------------------------
Thomas D. George
/s/ GEORGE K. HINCKLEY Director
---------------------------------------------------
George K. Hinckley
/s/ JUERGEN KNORR Director
---------------------------------------------------
Juergen Knorr
/s/ JOHN B. NEFF Director
---------------------------------------------------
John B. Neff
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EXHIBIT INDEX
EXHIBIT
NUMBER EXHIBIT TITLE
------- -------------
3.1 Certificate of Incorporation.***
3.2 Certificate of Correction to Certificate of
Incorporation.****
3.3 Bylaws.****
4.1 Indenture dated as of May 25, 2001 between the Registrant
and State Street Bank and Trust Company, including form of
5.75% Convertible Subordinated Note Due 2006.**
4.2 Registration Rights Agreement dated as of May 25, 2001 among
the Registrant and the Initial Purchasers.**
4.3 Form of Note (included in Exhibit 4.1)
5.1 Opinion of Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati, Professional
Corporation.
12.1 Calculation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.**
21.1 List of Subsidiaries of the Registrant.**
23.1 Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.
23.2 Consent of SyCip Gorres Velayo & Co.
23.3 Consent of Samil Accounting Corporation.
23.4 Consent of Arthur Andersen LLP.
23.5 Consent of Siana Carr & O'Connor, LLP.
23.6 Consent of Ahn Kwon & Co.
23.7 Consent of Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati (included in
Exhibit 5.1).
24.1 Power of Attorney (Included on page II-4).
25.1 Statement of Eligibility of Trustee.
-------------------------
* Incorporated by reference to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for
the period ended December 31, 2000.
** Incorporated by reference to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
for the period ended June 30, 2001.
*** Incorporated by reference to the Company's Registration Statement on Form
S-1 filed October 6, 1997, as amended.
**** Incorporated by reference to the Company's Registration Statement on Form
S-1 filed August 26, 1998, as amended.