Jacqueline Gattegno, a Smart Vision Behavioural Optometrist at Eyes InDesign Bondi, explains what Dry Eye Disease is, its key risk factors as well as effective ways to treat it.
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The number of people who suffer from Dry Eye Disease (DED) has substantially grown during the past few decades. Asia has a greater prevalence of dry eye disease than Europe and North America, indicating that cultural or ethnic factors may play a role in the genesis of the condition.
Jacqueline Gattegno, a Smart Vision Behavioural Optometrist at Eyes InDesign Bondi, explains what Dry Eye Disease is, its key risk factors as well as effective ways to treat it.
"As a multi-factorial condition with varying degrees of ocular surface epitheliopathy, inflammation, and neurosensory abnormalities, dry eye is defined by a continuously unstable and/or insufficient tear film (TF) that causes pain and/or vision impairment," explains Gattegno.
Dry Eye Disease is sometimes viewed as a simple condition that is largely brought on by a reduction in tear production, similar to the aqueous tear deficit (ATD) kind of dry eye that is present in Sjögren's syndrome (a chronic autoimmune disease). Evidence, however, points to a variety of circumstances that could be responsible for an unstable tear film (TF).
Dry Eye And Ocular Discomfort
For both patients and optometrists, dry eye disease may be a difficult condition to treat. The most frequent complaint is ocular pain, which is a primary characteristic of the condition and a key element in the classification of dry eye illness. Ocular pain is typically present before Dry Eye is identified, and it is crucial for tracking the condition's development and how well therapies are working. [1]
Dryness, redness, foreign body sensation, heavy sensation, pain, light sensitivity, discharge, itching, and eye tiredness are examples of common ocular discomfort. Although there is a great deal of overlap between them, the sort of ocular discomfort that individuals experience may be connected to distinct Dry Eye Disease sub types.
For instance, in diurnal variation, symptoms of Dry Eye Disease in individuals with ATD dry eye tends to worsen later in the day.
"There are various reasons why anything on the ocular surface may activate the sensory nerve, which in turn causes ocular pain. Tear hyperosmolarity, inflammation, and epithelial thinning are all caused by an unstable TF," explains Gattegno.
As a result, the ocular surface's nociceptive receptors are exposed and irritated, which causes pain. The visual characteristic of the TF is disturbed by instability, adding to the discomfort.
A patient may occasionally deal with both blink-related microtrauma to the ocular surface and changes to tear dynamics which can result from diseases of the lid margin, such as blockage of the meibomian gland orifice and conjunctivochalasis.
Furthermore, the establishment of a stable TF and pain comparable to Dry Eye Disease can be prevented by lid defects including lagophthalmos, incomplete and reduced blinking, or inadequate lid-to-globe apposition.
Ocular irritation is brought on by inflammation, which is brought on by a reduced or/and unstable TF and epithelial defect. Identification of the source of discomfort in Dry Eye Disease is aided by keeping thorough notes that include specifics of the main symptoms and triggers.[2]
Dry Eye Disease Treatments
There are a few different Dry Eye treatments available for people all of which are offered by Eyes InDesign Bondi, including the BlephEx and Blephasteam in-office treatments. At this time the IPL dry eye treatment is available at the Mosman location only.
With its gentle exfoliation of the eyelids and lashes and removal of the exotoxin-rich biofilm that builds up on the eyelid, BlephEx quickly relieves the symptoms of eyelid inflammation. The scurf and bacterial particles that accumulate at the lid border are efficiently removed during this painless process. The majority of low-grade inflammatory blepharitis, which is the main cause of chronic dry eye illness, is brought on by this material.
Blephasteam is used to alleviate symptoms brought on by Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD). The ideal atmosphere and temperature are produced by Blephasteam, which increases blood flow and melts the glands' viscous secretions. The secretions are manually produced after each session, which enhances oil flow into the tear surface and consequently tear quality.
Finally, the Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) treatment offered by Smart Vision Optometry targets the underlying cause of chronic inflammation without the use of drugs or drops. It combines IPL with the industry's most advanced, proprietary Optimal Pulse Technology (OPTTM).
Conclusion
If dry eye disease symptoms are present, then book an appointment for a Dry Eye Assessment at Eyes InDesign Bondi. Once this has been completed, the Smart Vision Behavioural optometrist will be able to advise on the best treatment. The IPL treatment is currently only available at Eyes InDesign Mosman but all the other treatments are available at Eyes InDesign Bondi. Make a booking now and stop suffering with Dry Eye Disease.
Smart Vision Optometry clinics are located in multiple suburbs in Sydney. Book a Smart Vision Comprehensive Vision Skills Assessment or Advanced Eye Health Test for any child or adult by calling the Mosman clinic (02) 9969 1600 or the Bondi clinic (02) 9365 5047, book an appointment online.
Written and syndicated by: YDMA Group
[1]
Tsubota, Kazuo et al. “Defining Dry Eye from a Clinical Perspective.” International journal of molecular sciences vol. 21,23 9271. 4 Dec. 2020, doi:10.3390/ijms21239271
[2]
Tsubota, Kazuo et al. “Defining Dry Eye from a Clinical Perspective.” International journal of molecular sciences vol. 21,23 9271. 4 Dec. 2020, doi:10.3390/ijms21239271
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